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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the Grand Canal?
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Canal constructed during the Sui dynasty that linked northern and southern China for the first time. p74
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Who was Li Bo (also known as Li Po)?
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Chinese poet in the Tang dynasty who wrote in the 700s. He was a Daoist and he described life's delights in light, happy terms. p75
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Who was Du Fu?
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Chinese poet in the Tang dynasty who wrote in the 700s. He was a follower of Confucius who wrote about serious subjects such as suffering, tragedy and war. One of his greatest works was entitled "A Song of War Chariots". p75
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Who was Empress Wu?
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ruler of the Tang dynasty from 690 to 705 was an outspoken supporter of Buddhism. She was a strong leader, and an able administrator. She was also the only woman to hold the Chinese throne is her own name. p77
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What is Zen?
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Sect of Buddhism that stresses meditation as a means of enlightenment. p77
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What is the Diamond Sutra?
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World's first known printed book, a Buddhist text produced in China in AD 868 p78
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What was the principal accomplishment of the Sui dynasty?
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Grand Canal
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What was the principal accomplishment of the Tang dynasty?
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expanded frontiers
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What was the principal accomplishments of the Sung dynasty?
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foreign trade expanded, civil service and tax systems revised
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What were the most noteworthy advances in Chinese culture during the Sui, Tang, and Sung dynasties?
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Literature flourished; Buddhism reached its peak; Neo-Confucianism began; porcelain making and landscape painting became important
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How did life change for ordinary people during the Sung dynasty?
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Farming methods improved. New taxes forced some peasants to become tenant farmers. Many people lived in cities. Status of women improved.
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Who was Genghis Khan?
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A fierce Mongol leader who lived from about 1162 to 1227. Originally named Temujin, he took the title Genghis Khan, meaning universal leader in 1206. He created an immense empire conquering Beijing, Central Asia, and most of Persia. p81
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Who was Kublai Khan:?
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A grandson of Genghis Khan who conquered the rest of China, Tibet, and part of Southeast Asia. He failed to capture Japan. p81
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Who was Batu?
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A grandson of Genghis Khan who invaded Europe in 1240. His troops swept across Russia, Poland to the outskirts of Vienna. They plundered city after city, either killing the inhabitant or taking them as slaves. p81
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What was the Golden Horde?
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Europeans called the Mongolian invaders the Golden Horde. This name referred to the gold color of the Mongol tents in the sun. p81
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Who was Marco Polo?
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An Italian merchant who traveled to China with his father and uncle. He travelled around China for 17 years and later wrote a book "The Travels of Marco Polo" p82
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What is the sequence of the Mongol conquest of Asia?
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capture of Beijing, conquest of Central Asia, conquest of most of Persia, conquest of Tibet, and conquest of part of Southeast Asia
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Why did the Mongols invaders want to conquer so much land in Asia?
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Their culture encouraged battle skills. The leaders wanted to create an empire.
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How was Mongol rule both good and bad for the Chinese people?
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Mongol rule was good because of improved communication, transportation and trade. Mongol rule was bad because of unequal taxes and laws.
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What is kami?
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Japanese gods or nature spirits. Part of a religion now called Shinto meaning "way of the kami". p85
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What is a shogun?
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Chief military and governmental officer in feudal Japan p86
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What is seppuku?
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Form of ceremonial suicide of defeated or disloyal samurai to avoid dishonor; also know in the West as hari-kari p86
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What is a samurai?
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Japanese warriors hired for protection by wealthy landlords in feudal Japan. p86
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What is daimyo?
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Powerful local lords in feudal Japan. p88
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What is Shinto?
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means "way of the kami"; indigenous religion of Japan involving rituals and prayers to appease nature spirits, and veneration of the emperor p86
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What is "The Tale of the Genji"?
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Story of courtly life in Japan written by Murasaki Shikibu in about AD 1000; generally considered the world's first novel p86
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Who was Fujiwara?
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The first family to gain control over the central government of Japan. The Fujiwara had power from the mid-800s to the mid-1100s. p86
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Who was Minamoto?
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In 1185, this clan gained power in Japan. The reign of this clan marked a change in the way government was run. In 1192 the emperor granted Minamoto Yoritomo the the title of shogun or general. The emperor kept his throne, but the shogun had control of the military, finances, and laws. p86
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Who was Ashikaga?
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In 1331, the Emperor Go-Daigo tried to regain power but failed. One of his generals, Ashikaga Takauji claimed the shogunate for his own clan. Ashikaga shoguns ruled Japan for nearly 250 years. p86
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Who was Bushido?
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A code of behavior followed by samurai warriors. Bushido means way of the warrior. Bushido stressed bravery, loyalty, and honor. Samurai would accept physical hardship without complaint, & did not fear death. p86
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Who was Yi?
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Korean dynasty founded in 1392 when the Koreans regained their independence by driving out the Mongols. It lased until Korea was annexed by Japan in 1910. p89
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Who was Sejong?
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A Korean emperor who ordered the development of a Korean alphabet in the 1400s. p90
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What institutions and customs did Japan adopt from China?
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religion (Buddhism), writing system, government / political structure, technology, artistic design, medical knowledge, fashion and literature.
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What institutions and customs did Korea adopt from China?
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religion (Buddhism & Confucian teachings), government / political structure, technology, and literature.
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What institutions and customs did Southeast Asia (particularly Vietnam) adopt from China?
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religion (Buddhism), writing system, government / political structure
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How did the breakup of the central government in Japan lead to changes in feudal Japanese society?
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The breakup gave people a change to improve their social status.
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What were the most important developments in Chinese culture during the Sui, Tang, and Sung dynasties?
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literature flourished, Zen, Confucianism revived
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Did life improve for ordinary people during the Sung Dynasty?
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Yes and No. Farming methods improved but taxes forced some peasants to become tenant farmers. Poverty and overcrowding remained problems in the cities.
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How were the Mongol nomads able to gain power in China?
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They were skillful warriors with powerful weapons.
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How did China change under Mongol rule?
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Communication, transportation and trade improved but citizens were subject to unequal treatment and harsh taxes and laws.
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What were the most important developments in Chinese culture during the Sui, Tang, and Sung dynasties?
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literature flourished, Zen, Confucianism revived
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How did China change under Mongol rule?
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Communication, transportation and trade improved but citizens were subject to unequal treatment and harsh taxes and laws.
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How did Japan's geography affect its relations with its neighbors?
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Because it is a series of islands was isolated and had little contact with other peoples.
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How did Japan's geography affect its relations with its neighbors?
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Because it is a series of islands was isolated and had little contact with other peoples.
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How did China influence Japanese society and culture?
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Buddhism, writing, law code, governmental methods, artistic designs, medical knowledge, and fashion were all adopted from China
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What unique features of society in feudal Japan were the result of political confusion?
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People had opportunities to improve their social status
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What were the influences of China and India on societies in Korea and Southeast Asia?
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Chinese philosophies, writing system, political structure, Buddhism, Hinduism
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What was the top-down structure of Japan's feudal system?
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From top to bottom:
emperor, shogun, daimyo, samurai, peasants |
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What was the top to down structure of Japan's feudal system?
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From top to bottom:
emperor, shogun, daimyo, samurai, peasants |
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What was the top to down structure of Japan's feudal system?
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From top to bottom:
emperor, shogun, daimyo, samurai, peasants |
