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51 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
annul
cancel or invalidate
antisemitism
prejudice against Jews
apprentice
young person learning a trade from a master
bill of exchange
issued by a banker in one city to a merchant who could exchange it for cash in a distant city, thus freeing him from traveling with gold, which was easily stolen
canon law
body of laws of a church
capital
money or wealth
charter
in the Middle Ages, a written document that set out the rights and privleges of a town
chivalry
code of conduct for knights during the Middle Ages
common law
system of law that is the same for all people, based on court decistions that have become accepted legal principles
crusade
holy war
curriculum
formal course of study
epic
long, narrative poem
epidemic
outbreak of a rapidly spreading disease
exchequer
treasury
excommunication
exclusion from the Roman Catholic Church as a penalty for refusing to obey Church laws
feudal contract
exchange of pledges between lords and vassals
feudalism
loosely organized system of government in which local lords governed their own lands but owed military service and other support to a greater lord
fief
in the Middle Ages, an estate granted by a lord to a vassal in exchange for service and loyalty
flying buttress
stone support on the outside of a building that allowed builders to construct higher walls and leave space for large stained-glass windows
friar
monk who traveled throughout Europe's growing towns to preach to the poor
frontier
sparsely populated, undeveloped area on the outskirts of civilization
guild
in the Middle Ages, association of merchants or artisans who cooperated to protect their economic interests
illumination
artistic decoration in books
inflation
economic cycle that involves a rapid rise in prices linked to a sharp increase in the amount of money available
interdict
in the Roman Catholic Church, excommunication of an entire region, or kingdom
journeyman
salaried worker who was employed by a guild master
jury
group of people sworn to make a decision in a legal case
knight
noble in Europe who served as a mounted warrior for a lord in the Middle Ages
lay investiture
creation of bishops by anyone who is not a member of the clergy
levy
collect
longbow
six foot long bow that could rapidly fire arrows with enough force to pierce most armor
manor
during the Middle Ages in Europe, a lord's estate, which included one or more villages and the surrounding lands
medieval
referring to the Middle Ages in Europe or the period of history in between ancient and modern times
middle class
new class of people, including merchants, traders, and artisans who stood between peasants and nobles
missi dominici
agents of Emperor Charlemagne who traveled throught the empire to check the condition of the roads, listen to grievances and see that justice was done
papal supremacy
authority of medieval popes over all secular rulers
partnership
group of merchants who joined together to finance a large scale venture that would have been too costly for any individual trader
religious toleration
policy of allowing people to worship as they choose
sacrament
sacred ritual of the Roman Catholic Church
schism
permanent division in a church
scholasticism
in medieval Europe, school of thought that used logic and reason to support Christian belief
secular
having to do with worldly, rather than religious matters
serf
in medieval Europe, peasant bound to the lord's land
simony
seeling of Church offices
tenant farmer
someone who would pay rent to a lord in order to farm the land
tithe
payment to a church equal to one thenth of a person's income
tournament
mock battle in which knights would compete against one another to show off their fighting skills
troubadour
wandering poet in Europe in the Middle Ages
usury
practice of lending money with interest
vassal
in medieval Europe, a lord who was granted land in exchange for service and loyaly to a greater lord
vernacular
everyday language of ordinary people