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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
annul
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cancel or invalidate
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antisemitism
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prejudice against Jews
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apprentice
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young person learning a trade from a master
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bill of exchange
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issued by a banker in one city to a merchant who could exchange it for cash in a distant city, thus freeing him from traveling with gold, which was easily stolen
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canon law
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body of laws of a church
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capital
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money or wealth
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charter
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in the Middle Ages, a written document that set out the rights and privleges of a town
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chivalry
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code of conduct for knights during the Middle Ages
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common law
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system of law that is the same for all people, based on court decistions that have become accepted legal principles
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crusade
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holy war
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curriculum
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formal course of study
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epic
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long, narrative poem
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epidemic
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outbreak of a rapidly spreading disease
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exchequer
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treasury
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excommunication
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exclusion from the Roman Catholic Church as a penalty for refusing to obey Church laws
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feudal contract
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exchange of pledges between lords and vassals
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feudalism
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loosely organized system of government in which local lords governed their own lands but owed military service and other support to a greater lord
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fief
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in the Middle Ages, an estate granted by a lord to a vassal in exchange for service and loyalty
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flying buttress
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stone support on the outside of a building that allowed builders to construct higher walls and leave space for large stained-glass windows
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friar
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monk who traveled throughout Europe's growing towns to preach to the poor
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frontier
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sparsely populated, undeveloped area on the outskirts of civilization
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guild
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in the Middle Ages, association of merchants or artisans who cooperated to protect their economic interests
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illumination
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artistic decoration in books
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inflation
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economic cycle that involves a rapid rise in prices linked to a sharp increase in the amount of money available
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interdict
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in the Roman Catholic Church, excommunication of an entire region, or kingdom
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journeyman
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salaried worker who was employed by a guild master
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jury
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group of people sworn to make a decision in a legal case
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knight
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noble in Europe who served as a mounted warrior for a lord in the Middle Ages
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lay investiture
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creation of bishops by anyone who is not a member of the clergy
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levy
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collect
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longbow
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six foot long bow that could rapidly fire arrows with enough force to pierce most armor
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manor
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during the Middle Ages in Europe, a lord's estate, which included one or more villages and the surrounding lands
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medieval
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referring to the Middle Ages in Europe or the period of history in between ancient and modern times
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middle class
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new class of people, including merchants, traders, and artisans who stood between peasants and nobles
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missi dominici
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agents of Emperor Charlemagne who traveled throught the empire to check the condition of the roads, listen to grievances and see that justice was done
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papal supremacy
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authority of medieval popes over all secular rulers
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partnership
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group of merchants who joined together to finance a large scale venture that would have been too costly for any individual trader
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religious toleration
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policy of allowing people to worship as they choose
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sacrament
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sacred ritual of the Roman Catholic Church
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schism
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permanent division in a church
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scholasticism
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in medieval Europe, school of thought that used logic and reason to support Christian belief
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secular
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having to do with worldly, rather than religious matters
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serf
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in medieval Europe, peasant bound to the lord's land
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simony
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seeling of Church offices
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tenant farmer
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someone who would pay rent to a lord in order to farm the land
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tithe
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payment to a church equal to one thenth of a person's income
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tournament
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mock battle in which knights would compete against one another to show off their fighting skills
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troubadour
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wandering poet in Europe in the Middle Ages
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usury
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practice of lending money with interest
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vassal
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in medieval Europe, a lord who was granted land in exchange for service and loyaly to a greater lord
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vernacular
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everyday language of ordinary people
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