Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
126 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
tombs for eternity, preserved bodies of dead rulers & provided them everything they would need for afterlife
|
pyramid
|
|
|
form of Egyptian picture writing, used to keep important records
|
heiroglyphics
|
|
|
a flat, black stone that has the same message written 3 different forms of script, hyroglyphics, demotic & greek
|
rosetta stone
|
|
|
first civilization
|
Mesopotamia
|
|
|
King of Babylon, brought Mesopotamia under his control. eye 4 eye...
|
Hammurabi
|
|
|
gained fame as sailors and traders. the occupied a string of cities along the eastern Mediterranean coast
Alphabet |
Phoenicians
|
|
|
considered a major world religion influenced Christianity & Islalm.
1 God - moral law system |
Judaism
|
|
|
farmers/lead to the rise of cities. systematic planting of crops
|
agriculture
|
|
|
mountains & valleys, rugged coast, hundreds or rocky islands
|
geograph of Greece
|
|
|
population growth at 750 BC spread around
|
Greek colonies
|
|
|
Dorians who conquered Laconia. strong military
|
Sparta
|
|
|
culture, philosophy, olympics, drama
|
Athens
|
|
|
city states alliance against Teresa
|
Delian League
|
|
|
wrote the Illiad and the Odyssey.
|
Homer
|
|
|
Wise skillful leadership. Because of him the economy thrived and the government became democratic.
|
Pericles
|
|
|
special games held in Athens for competition to honor the gods.
|
olympics
|
|
|
most important Greek contribution to literature, tragedy, comedy, based on Greek stories.
|
Drama
|
|
|
predicted the future
|
Oracle
|
|
|
Athens vs. Sparta
Sparta wins |
Peloponnesian war
|
|
|
outspoken critic of the sophist Athenean stonesman and philospher
|
Socrates
|
|
|
Socrates' student and he wrote the book the Republican
|
Plato
|
|
|
Plato's most infamous student. Developed his own ideas about government. Influenced western thought
|
Aristotle
|
|
|
Tutored by Aristotle, empire Greece, Egypt, Persia, India
|
Alexander the Great
|
|
|
Alexander the Great rules this
|
Hellenistic culture
|
|
|
upper class in Rome
|
Patricians
|
|
|
the farmers merchants, artisans, and traders who made up the bulk of the population. Lower class
|
Plebeians
|
|
|
Laws in public
|
Laws of the 12 tables
|
|
|
war between Rome and Carthage (Rome wins) (3 wars)
|
Punic Wars
|
|
|
ruling foreign people
|
Imperialism
|
|
|
first Roman Emperor
|
Julius Caesar
|
|
|
Roman Peace - started by Augustus
|
Pax Romana
|
|
|
Paul & Peter spread it around Rome
|
Christianity
|
|
|
Killing of Christians
|
martyrdom
|
|
|
walked near Asia & Africa spreading good news
|
Paul
|
|
|
Emperor in Rome
|
Nero
|
|
|
Converted to Christianity, emperor
|
Constantine
|
|
|
begins Pax Romana
|
Augustus
|
|
|
Horseback riders, attacked Rome
|
Huns
|
|
|
Another group that attacked Rome (Ended Rome)
|
Germanic Tribes
|
|
|
476 AD Rome fell to barbaric invaders. Ends Roman Empire
Christianity words: vita, census, etc. |
Fall of Rome
|
|
|
Loosely organized system of government where local Lords governed but owned military service
|
feudalism
|
|
|
during the middle ages in Europe, a lord's estate which included 1 or more villages and the surrounding land
|
manor
|
|
|
the rank under lesser lord just above peasants. It was a rank that men would train from boyhood adopted in the middle ages
|
Knight
|
|
|
code of conduct applied to novels (Knights)
|
chivalry
|
|
|
temple where monks live
|
monastery
|
|
|
association of merchants or artisans who cooperated to protect the known economic interests.
|
guild
|
|
|
people who live in towns. middle class, sold things
|
townspeople
|
|
|
Holy wars
|
Crusades
|
|
|
the Muslems that took over Jeruselem and started the crusade
|
Seljuk Turks
|
|
|
a disease that was raging through Haly/ its name is the bubonic plague, spread by rats
|
black death
|
|
|
the form of government that makes laws for England
|
Parliament
|
|
|
modern day Israel
|
Holy Land
|
|
|
the everyday language of people
|
vernacular
|
|
|
paid for Renaissance; is a patron
|
Lorenzo de Medici
|
|
|
produced a lot of poets, artists, architects, scholars & scientists; successful banking business in Italy
|
Florence
|
|
|
rebirth of culture and knowledge
|
renaissance
|
|
|
supported arts financially
|
Patron
|
|
|
father of arts, music, art, lit
|
Leonardo da Vinci
|
|
|
served as dictator
|
Niccolo Machiavelli
|
|
|
wrote "Don Quixote" - love and adveal
|
Migues de Cervantes
|
|
|
painted "a peasant wedding"
|
Pieter Brughel
|
|
|
sun centered universe
|
Nicolaus Copernicus
|
|
|
printing press
|
Johann Gutenberg
|
|
|
science of anatomy
|
Andreas Vesalius
|
|
|
wrote utopia
|
Sir Thomas More
|
|
|
a perfect society
|
Utopia
|
|
|
taught several belief, rejected that the church had special powers
|
Martin Luther
|
|
|
Led by Martin Luther
|
protestant formation
|
|
|
pointed at indulgence
|
95 theses
|
|
|
taught predestination
|
John Calvin
|
|
|
predestination
|
God has a plan
|
|
|
wanted a divorce - separated England (becomes protestant)
|
Henry VIII
|
|
|
wanted marriage not legal
|
anulment
|
|
|
faith & works - reaffirms traditional Catholic views; vows
|
council of Trent
|
|
|
punished heretics (taught what the church didn't say
|
inquisition
|
|
|
Kings chose religion
|
Peace of Augsburg
|
|
|
contrary beliefs to the church
|
Heresy
|
|
|
started Jesuits schools & missions
|
Ignatius Loyola
|
|
|
why exploration began
|
spice trade
|
|
|
mapmaker
|
cartographer
|
|
|
a device used to measure the angles of stars & sun above the horizon (lat at sea)
|
astrolabe
|
|
|
combined the square sails of European ships w/ Arab lateen or triangular sails, made it easier to sail
|
Caravel
|
|
|
first nation to explore
|
Portugal
|
|
|
aka Prince Henry hoped to expand Christianity and first source of African gold
|
Henry the Navigator
|
|
|
Italian navigator wanted to reach the Indes by sailing west - looked for passage to India
|
Christopher Columbus
|
|
|
Islands discovered by conquistadors, currently known as the Dominican Republic & Haiti
|
Hispaniola
|
|
|
Line for Portugal & Spain by Pope
|
Line of Demarcation
|
|
|
to sail around the world
|
circumnavigation
|
|
|
does not exist
|
Northwest passage
|
|
|
conquered the Aztecs
|
Hernan Cortes
|
|
|
Spanish for "Conquer"
|
Conquistador
|
|
|
conquedred Incas
|
Francisco Pizarro
|
|
|
modern day Peru
|
Inca Empire
|
|
|
forced Indian labor
|
Encomienda
|
|
|
encouraged learning in new world
|
mission
|
|
|
Louisian to Quebec
|
New France
|
|
|
first permanent English settlement
|
Jamestown
|
|
|
French, Indian war, fought for land, (England wins)
|
Seven Years War
|
|
|
Sellmore than bought, make profit
|
Mercantilism
|
|
|
One person
|
capitalism
|
|
|
used ships to transport goods
|
Netherlands
|
|
|
move up in social classes
|
social mobility
|
|
|
King has complete authority
|
absolutism
|
|
|
kings thought they were gods on earth
|
divine right
|
|
|
based in Austria, owned parts of Italy, Germany, Netherlands & Spain
|
Hapsburg Empire
|
|
|
fleet of ships
|
Armada
|
|
|
tolerance for protestant
|
Edict of Nantes
|
|
|
builds Versailles, spent lots of $
|
Louis XIV of France
|
|
|
hunting lodge
|
Versailles
|
|
|
French Calvinest (protested)
|
Huguenot
|
|
|
Patron of arts. tolerant words faiths
|
Elizabeth I of England
|
|
|
behaved like an absolute monarch, signed petition of right & raised taxes
|
Charlels I of England
|
|
|
Charles vs. Parliament won
|
English Civil War
|
|
|
lead round heads
|
Oliver Cromwell
|
|
|
overthrow of James II w/o bloodshed 1688
|
The Glorious Revolution
|
|
|
limited monarchy
|
Constitutional Monarchy
|
|
|
English legislature
|
Parliament
|
|
|
takes part of Poland
|
Frederick II of Prussia
|
|
|
fought for control of German speaking people
|
Maria Theresa
|
|
|
"Ivan the Terrible" 1st czar of Russia. started oprichdiro
|
Ivan IV of Russia
|
|
|
leader
|
Czar
|
|
|
Ivans secret police
|
Oprichnina
|
|
|
westernizes Russia. expands to Black Sea
|
Peter I of Russia
|
|
|
other monarch takes a piece of Poland
|
Catherine II of Russia
|
|
|
Prussia, Austria, Russia
|
Partition of Poland
|
|
|
belief all countries in Europe are equal & similar
|
balance of power
|
