World History

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Prime Meridian

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is the meridian (line of longitude) at which the longitude is defined to be 0°. Up and down line through middle of earth.

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Çatalhöyük

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Located in Turkey. As many as 10,000 people lived there. 8,000 - 10,000 years old. Lived in mud brick houses. Houses had opening at the top of the house, only opening in the house. Dead bodies kept in the house after death. No social classes. Cattle and sheep were domesticated. Wheat, barley, peas and almonds were grown.

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Skara Brae

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Located in Scotland. Houses had similar plan. Shows that no one person was better then another. Houses for the dead were similar to houses of living, linked past generations with the present. Houses could be same because easy to build and practical. Were settled farmers. Sheep,cattle,barley,wheat,fish,shellfish,deer and boar were in there diet. Animal skin used for clothes. Used seaweed and dried dung for fuel. Inside of house dark and smoky. If leaders, would have earned position. Tightly knit community.

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Artifacts

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something made or given shape by man, such as a tool or a work of art, esp an object of archaeological interest

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Tropic of Capricorn

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The Tropic of Capricorn, or Southern tropic, marks the most southerly latitude on the Earth at which the Sun can be directly overhead. 23.5*S ,

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Myth of Continents

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Is Europe a continent? Since Europe was the leader in the time the continents were being decided it didn't want to be associated with Asia so made itself its own country. Should be Eurasia. Suggests that continents might be separated by social and economic differences.

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Archaeologist

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a specialist in archaeology, the scientific study of prehistoric peoples and their cultures by analysis of their artifacts, inscriptions, monuments, etc.

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Fossils

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any remains, impression, or trace of a living thing of a former geologic age, as a skeleton, footprint, etc.

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The Tropic of Cancer

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The Tropic of Cancer, also referred to as the Northern tropic, is the circle of latitude on the Earth that marks the most northerly position at which the Sun may appear directly overhead. 23*N .

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Cultural Diffusion

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The spreading of ideas, styles, religions, technologies, languages, through war,trade, immigration.

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Anthropologist

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person who study's social science that deals with the origins, physical and cultural development, biological characteristics, social customs, and beliefs of humankind

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Geography's impact on history

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Civilizations are influenced by access to various types of resources, by geographical features that either protect, or isolate, and by the area in which they live. Some of these geographical resources and features are, rivers, mountains, oceans, irregular and regular coast lines, and islands. Gave some civilizations advantages over others.

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Equator

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the great circle of the earth with a latitude of 0°, lying equidistant from the poles; dividing the N and S hemispheres

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Old Stone Age

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Paleolithic 2,000,000 B.C.E . Economy
Hunter and Gatherer, Nomadic, Developments : Simple tools and weapons, Spoken Language, Use of fire, Burial of dead, belief in afterlife, creation of cave paintings.

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New Stone Age

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Neolithic 10,000 B.C.E. Economy: Work as farmers, lived in permanent villages, domesticated animals. Developments: Population growth, community interaction, decline in status of women, Personal possessions, development of calender

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Paleolithic vs. Neolithic lifestyles

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Paleolithic: women supplied most of the food, followed food where it traveled, less battles/wars nothing to fight for, less personal possessions.
Neolithic: permanent villages, domesticated animals and plants, women's status declines, more personal possessions, more battles and wars are fought.

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The rise of civilizations

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Economy: Artisans,Merchants Soldiers,Government
workers. Development: Rise of cities, organized governments, Job specialization, growth of social classes, system of writing, trade, social classes, complex religion.

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The 8 features of civilization

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cities, well organized government, complex religion, writing system, job specialization, public works, social classes, art and architecture.

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Venus Figurines

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showed obsession with reproduction, for every one male figure 10 female, females were viewed as goddesses, figurines had "Kim kardashion" effect.

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Fertile Crescent

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an area in the Middle and Near East: formerly fertile, now partly desert. nicknamed "The Cradle of Civilization" due to the birth of various kingdoms within its borders.

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Jared Diamond's theory of Geographic Luck

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he believes that the difference in technology, civilizations, and the like are not determined by biological traits or ingenuity, but instead by simple geological advantages an area has over another which allowed civilizations that resided on them to advance faster than civilizations living elsewhere.