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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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form of Christianity that emphasized salvation through faith and good works
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Catholicism
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reduced people's punishments for sins
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indulgence
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calling in which people could serve God and their neighbors
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vocation
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form of Christianity that emphasized salvation through faith alone
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Lutheranism
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list of statements criticizing Catholic Church practices
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the Ninety-Five Theses
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Swiss city in which Calvin established Reformed Church
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Geneva
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group partially responsible for killing the Anabaptists
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Lutherans
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Protestant group begun under Henry VIII
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Church of England
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Swiss city in which earliest Reformed Church was established
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Zurich
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church council that controlled people's lives under Calvinism
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Consistory
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court that published the first list of censored books
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Inquisition
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church service the Council of Trent said could be performed only in Latin
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Mass
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group that helped spread Catholicism throughout Asia, Africa, and the Americas
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Jesuits
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emphasized emotion, exaggeration and complexity
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baroque
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school for training priests
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seminary
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a change in the Church's ways of teaching and practicing Christianity
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reformation
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country where reform caused a split, new form of Christianity - Protestantism - Protestant Reformation
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Germany
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German monk who began the Protestant Reformation
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Martin Luther
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raised money to rebuild St. Peter's Bascilica - sold church postiions and indulgences
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Pope Leo X
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place where Luther nailed his 95 theses
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Wittenburg Church
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council
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a diet
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tried to bring Luther back into the Church
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Council of Worms
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first Protestant faith, emphasized salvation by faith alone, bible is only source of relligious truth, biblical preaching not ritual, vernacular
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Lutheranism
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Swiss priest who led the Protestant movement in Switzerland; denounced Purgatory, wanted a thoecracy
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Huldrych Zwingli
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church run state
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theocracy
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established the most powerful and influential Reformed group in the Swiss city of Geneva
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John Calvin
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grew up in France, educated in theology, law and humanism, wrote The Institutes of the Christian Religion
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John Calvin
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cornerstone of theology - God possesed all-emcompassing power and knowledge
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Calvinism
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Calvin belief that God determines the fate of every person
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predestination
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Calvinist - church council of 12 elders who had power to control every aspect of people's lives - punished those who disobeyed
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Consistory
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leader of the Reformation in Scotland
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John Knox
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initiated the practice of baptizing, or admitting into their groups only adult members
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Anabaptists
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trace their ancestry to the Anabaptists
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Baptists, Mennonites and Amish
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Henry VIII's wife who had six children and only Mary survived
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Catherine of Aragon
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Henry VIII thought Catherine was too old to give him a son so he divorced her and married Anne
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Anne Boleyn
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Henry's nephew, Holy Roman Emperor who protected the Pope and wanted Catherine to remain as queen of England
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Charles V
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official break of Church of England with Romae; passed in 1534, made Henry head of the English Church instead of the Pope
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Act of Supremacy
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kept Catholic doctrines and forms of worship - Henry was not a Protestant refromer
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Church of England
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noted humanist Catholic scholar who was beheaded by Henry VIII for treason
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Thomas More
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closed monasteries and convents, seized their land, shared the gains with nobles and other high officials
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Henry VIII did many things to ensure supression of Catholicism
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only son of Henry after 6 marriages - he died in his teens and his half sister Mary became queen
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Edward VI
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tried to restore Catholicism to England and burned hundreds of Protestants at the stake - thus her nickname - "Bloody Mary"
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Queen Mary
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became Queen when Mary died - Church of England became known as Anglicanism
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Elizabeth I
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Protestant English church with some Catholic features
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Anglicanism
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radical Protestants who wanted to purify the English Church of Catholic rituals
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Puritans
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invented the rpinting press
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Johannes Gutenberg
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Luther's belief that a person could be made just, or good, simply by faith in God's mercy and love
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justification by faith
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city in Germanywhere German princes met to tyr and bring Luther back into the Church
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Worms
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set out to reform the Church and stem the Protestant advance
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Pope Paul III
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called in 1545 to reaffirm Catholic teachings that had been challenged by the Protestants; put an end to many of the abuses
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Council of Trent
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1) salvation comes through faith and good workks 2) church tradition is equal to the bible as a source of religious truth 3)Latin not vernacular
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Issues at Council of Trent
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church sourt set out to stamp out heresy and introduced censorship
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Inquisition
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books too immoral or irreligious for Catholics to read
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Index of Forbidden Books
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painted saints in distorted figures - baroque style
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El Greco - "The Greek"
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master of Baroque style
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Paul Rubens
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painted portraits
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Diego Velazquez
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most famous Baroque architect - public square of St. Peter's Basilica in Rome
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Gian Loremnzo Bernini
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a Spanish noble, woundsed in battle, during recovery he vowed to serve God; f0unded the Jesuits
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Ignatius of Loyola
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traveled to China and preached Christianity
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Jesuit Matteo Ricci
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Spanish nun who entered a Carmelite convent; not strict enough so she set up her own order of Carmelite nuns
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Theresa of Avila
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signed by Chrales V and German princes that allowed each prince to choose the relligion of his subjects
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Peace of Augsburg
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Geneva
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City of God
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