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99 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Geography
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Study of the earth
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Absolute location
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A way people can find things.. the longitude and latitude of a location
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Hemisphere
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Two halves of a circle
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Latitude & Longitude
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Imaginary parallel lines on the Earth's surface
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Longitude is which direction
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up & down
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Latitude is which direction
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across
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Grid
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The system that makes it so we can find places on the Earth's surface -- latitude & longitude
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Relative location
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Places near other places
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Region
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a part of a country, the world
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Dallas TX absolute location
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32 N, 96 W
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5 geographical themes
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1. location
2. place 3. human/environment interaction 4. movement 5. region |
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What uniform region do you live in?
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Functional region
Grassy region |
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What symbol do you use to locate highway
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curvey lines
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What symbol do you use to pinpoint airports
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an airplane
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Why is there a key (legend)
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so you know what the symbols mean
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Atmosphere
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Air that surrounds the Earth
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hydrosphere
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Ocean, rivers, lakes and other bodies of water on the Earth
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lithosphere
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The Earth's crust
litho means rock |
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biosphere
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Where life is found
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mantle
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the portion of the about 1800 mi think between the Earth's crust and the core
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fold
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bends in layers of rocks
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fault
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a break in the continuity of a body of rock or of a vein, with dislocation along the plane of the fracture (fault plane).
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weathering
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process that breaks down rock
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erosion
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The wearing away of the Earth's surface
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glacier
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large bodies of ice
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Which planet (#) is the Earth away from the sun
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3rd
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What causes the plants on the Earth's surface to move?
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Internal forces
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What causes the Earth's surface to change shape?
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Erosion
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What are the consequences if the Earth's mantle stopped circulating molten rock?
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Increased earthquakes because the Earth would no longer have the flexibility to move as it does now. And increased volcanic activity to get rid of the current store of molten rock under the surface.
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Isthmus
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narrow piece of land that connects two larger landmasses and segments two bodies of water
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plateau
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a land area having a relatively level surface considerably raised above adjoining land on at least one side, and often cut by deep canyons.
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archipelago
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group of closely scattered islands
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Continental Shelf
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A submerged border of a continent that slopes gradually and extends to a point of steeper descent to the ocean bottom.
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groundwater
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the water beneath the surface of the ground, consisting largely of surface water that has seeped down: the source of water in springs and wells.
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Water cycle
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The cycle of evaporation and condensation that controls the distribution of the earth's water as it evaporates from bodies of water, condenses, precipitates, and returns to those bodies of water.
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Evaporation
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Change in water's physical state from liquid to gas
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North and South America are joined by what body of land?
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The Isthmus of Panama
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What are the 4 types of landforms?
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1. mountains
2. plateaus 3. hills 4. planes |
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Where is freshwater found?
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Lakes, rivers, and streams
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Natural resource
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Element made from the Earth and not from people but people can still use it. Trees, water, land
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Renewable resource
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Natural resources that continuously reprocess themselves...trees, animals
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non-renewable resources
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resources that can never be replaced once used up.
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imports
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resources or good brought from another country
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exports
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Resources and goods sent from one country to another.
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Which region of the world exports the most OIL?
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Middle East
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Which region of the world imports the most OIL?
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United States
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What determines the importance of resources?
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People's need
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Can non-renewable resources be recycled?
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No
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Can renewable resources be recycled?
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Yes
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Weather
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condition of the atmospher in one place suring a short period of time
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Summarize the relationship between resources and supply
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The less supply of a resource the more valuable it becomes
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Climate
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weather pattern that is experienced during a long period of time.
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Axis
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An imaginarey line that runs through the Earth's center between the North Pole and the South Pole
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Temperature
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How hot or cold something is.
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Revolution
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The Earth's movement as it moves around the sun. The Earth revolves around the sun in 365 1/4 days.
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Equinox
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When the sun is directly over the equator
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Solsitice
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The northernmost point on the earth at a given time. Either of two times of the year when the sun is at its greatest distance from the celestial equator. The summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere occurs about June 21, when the sun is in the zenith at the tropic of Cancer; the winter solstice occurs about December 21, when the sun is over the tropic of Capricorn. The summer solstice is the longest day of the year and the winter solstice is the shortest.
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Latitude of the Tropic of Cancer?
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23 1/2 degrees N
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Latitude of the Tropic of Capricorn?
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23 1/2 degrees S
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How does the revolution of the Earth cause seasons?
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Seasons are caused by the distance of a place on Earth from the sun. When a place is in the direct path of the sun it is summer and when the Earth has rotated so a place is not facing the sun then it is winter.
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How are temperatures of places effected by the Earth's tilt?
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Places get varying degrees of sunlight.
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Why does March 21 generally mark the beginning of spring in the Northern hemisphere?
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Beginning on March 21, the Northern hemisphere begins to move closer and closer to direct exposure to the sun.
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Prevailing wind
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Winds that blow in a fairly consistent pattern in a region
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doldrums
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a windless area
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precipitation
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The falling of moisture to the Earth
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windward
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In a direction from which the wind blows; against the wind.
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leeward
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the direction in which the wind is blowing
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rain shadow
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An area having relatively little precipitation due to the effect of a barrier, such as a mountain range, that causes the prevailing winds to lose their moisture before reaching it.
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Name 3 kinds of previaling winds.
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1. trade winds
2. westerlies 3. polar easterlies |
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The name of the prevailing wind found from the equator to 30 degrees N or S.
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Trade winds
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The name of the previaling wind found from 30 degrees to 60 degrees N or S.
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Westerlies
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The name of the prevailing wind fourd from 60 degrees to 90 degrees N or S
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Polar Easterlies
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Why do the climates of the low, middle, and high latitudes differ?
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The climates are influenced by the winds, closeness of water, and relative distance from the sun.
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How do wind and ocean currents effect climates?
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Wind and ocean currents cool the land over which it passes.
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Which factors effect the climate in your region?
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Our climate is effected by our closeness to the ocean, the delta, and the rivers. We also are prone to winter storms that are drop moisture so the clouds can lift over the Sierra Nevada Mountains.
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natural vegetation
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Plant life that grows in an area that has not been changed by people
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oasis
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an area of lush vegitation
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deciduous
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trees or plants that loose their leaves each year/season
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Mixed forest
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includes trees that are both evergreen and deciduous
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chaparral
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A dense thicket of shrubs and small trees.
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Prairie
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An extensive area of flat or rolling, predominantly treeless grassland, especially the large tract or plain of central North America.
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permafrost
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frozen subsoil
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timberline
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the altitude above sea level at which timber ceases to grow.
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taiga
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A subarctic, evergreen coniferous forest of northern Eurasia located just south of the tundra and dominated by firs and spruces.
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smog
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a haze caused by the sun's ultraviolet radiation
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What and where are the five main climate regions?
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1. Tropical climates - moist, warm climate around the equator.
2. Dry climate - dry, hot climate found in desert regions. 3. Mid latitude - mild temperatures found in the middle latitudes 4. High latitude - cold temperatures found in tundra regions. 5. Highland climate - cold temperatures found near mountain regions. |
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Why do tropical climates have high temperatures year around?
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Tropical climates are found in near the equator and the oceans and seas surrounding the equator keep the temperatures constantly warm and moist.
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How does El Nino effect weather?
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El Nino changes weather patterns by changing the wind patterns in a region.
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In what ways does the Earth's climate changed due to human/natural processes?
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Natural processes -- Increases in the sun's activity can cause the Earth to heat. Changes to continental drift, ocean currents, volcanic activity, earth's tilt change the winds and heating patterns of the Earth.
Human processes -- Green house gasses are caused by pollution that is human made resulting increased temperatures. |
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Culture
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the growing of life
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Subsistance farming
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depends heavily on human labor.
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Population density
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the number of people in a square mile or square km
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popluation distribution
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the population patterns in an area
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tornado
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a powerful whirling wind storm
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hurricane
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a powerful whirling storm that forms over oceans
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tsunami
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huge ocean waves
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pollution
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unclean or impure elements in the environment
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Where is tornado alley?
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Oklahoma, Kansas, and Missouri
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Why is industry more important in developed countries than in developing countries?
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The ecomony in developed countries is dependent upon industry and technologies for ecomonic stability. The economies in developing nations are more independent with the majority of residents being farmers.
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