World Cultures Important Terms

Front 1

Reasons for new Imperialism of 19th century

Back 1

natural resources, religion, slavery, prestiege/land

now outside powers coming in

Front 2

Berlin Conference

Back 2

1884-85; division of Africa by major world powers
- no Africans present

Front 3

Effects of imperialism on Africa

Back 3

CONS: Disrupted culture; Nonsensical borders

PROS: infrastructure; technology; trade

Front 4

White Man’s Burden

Back 4

burden to civilize the savages
Racism; white superiority

Rudyard Kipling - 1899

Front 5

How much of Africa colonized; what major powers?

Back 5

1880s: 11% colonized

1914: everything except Liberia and Ethiopia
o Major powers:

Front 6

Imperialism in the Congo and South Africa

Back 6

o Congo – cons; example of inhuman, oppressive and brutal
 Leopold

Front 7

Cecil Rhodes

Back 7

wanted to create railroad running thru Africa

Front 8

Sepoy Mutiny (British)

Back 8

 First war of independence (Indians)
o Leads to the creation of Indian National Congress
 Initially only wanted home rule – worked with Gandhi
o British East India company’s control is slipping

Front 9

Civil disobedience

Back 9

philosophy of nonviolent, peaceful protest intended to spark a response
(GANDHI)

Front 10

The Salt March

Back 10

1930 - brutality to nonviolent protestors
symbolic to whole world; Britain has lost moral ascendancy; global perspective shifts, and sympathy for a free India

Front 11

Jawaharlal Nehru

Back 11

first Prime Minister of India

Front 12

Mohammed Ali Jinnah:

Back 12

first president of Pakistan

Front 13

Period of isolation – Why? Effects?

Back 13

o Chinese superiority; didn’t need anything; self sufficient
o *Similar to Japan: economic activity within feudal towns (pottery, kimonos, theater, etc.)

Front 14

Opium War- causes and effects

Back 14

o Chinese boycott -->opium war
o
o Results in treaty of Nanjing

Front 15

Treaty of Nanjing

Back 15

Chinese have to: Open 5 ports to British trade; Limit taxes (on British goods)

British get Hong Kong (lose territory)
 Chinese pay
 Extraterritoriality – foreigners have to follow their own laws; British people have to be tried in British courts

Front 16

“Self strengthening” reforms:

Back 16

Chinese want to adopt western technology but keep Confucian values
- Makes traditionalists resistant to bringing in western education, etc.
- Internal unrest weakens the dynasty

Front 17

Treaty of Tianjin

Back 17

-More ports
-Legalize opium = no more undercover British smuggling

Front 18

Boxer rebellion:

Back 18

(goal – expel the foreigners) antagonism against foreigners

Front 19

Dowager Empress Ci Xi:

Back 19

helps stop the reform, very traditionalist (supports the Boxers)

Front 20

Commodore Perry

Back 20

JAPAN
warships, ends Japan's period of isolation

Front 21

How did Japan's period of isolation end?

Back 21

Group of Samurai overthrew shogun and put the emperor back on the throne / Commodore Perry

Front 22

Meiji definition

Back 22

"enlightened rule"

Front 23

Meiji restoration

REFORMS

Back 23

FILL IN

Front 24

China - relationship btwn gov't and private business

Back 24

o Gov’t becomes very supportive of business to help economic growth

Front 25

Kemal Attaturk’s

Back 25

Father of modern turkey:
introduces many reforms; Turkey on the way to modernization

Front 26

Persia --> ?

Back 26

IRAN: military leader says reform; religious leaders say no
o Name Iran: b/c Hitler; Aryan superiority

Front 27

Arabian Penninsula -->?

Back 27

SAUDI ARABIA:
o Islamic monarchy
o B/c of oil - very powerful country

Front 28

League of Nations mandates:

Back 28

o That Britain takes over Palestine (Israel, Jordan, and Lebanon) continue to have problems b/c Jewish people think British are supporting them
o WWI: British said to Jews; we support getting homeland in Palestine
o WWII:

Front 29

Balfour Declaration

Back 29

British gov’t supported the creation of homeland for Jews in Palestine