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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pleistone |
3 million to 11,000 BC ancestors: Australopithecus, Homo Hablis, Homo Ergaster, Homo Erectus, et al emergence oh homo sapiens in 200,000 BC homo sapiens originated in Africa and spread out in 15,000 BC |
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Paleolithic (old Stone Age) |
200,000 BC - 11,000 BC 96% of humans history Cro-Magnons (overlapped with neanderthal cousins) |
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Agricultural Revolution |
Debate of orgins: 1. lone genius model 2. Diffusionist Model 3 Independent Model accidental or crisis YANGTZE RIVER VALLEY MODERN CHINA |
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Sumerians (3500 to 2000 BC) |
earliest known group in mesopotamia created first city states and ziggurats CUNEIFORM first piece of literature: The Epic of Gilgamesh |
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Akkadians (2800 to 2000 BC) |
A semitic group Sargon I conquered Sumer and implemented first known empire Adopted Sumerian culture and cuneiform |
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Babylonians (2100 to 1500 BC) |
Hammurabi (first law code) - eye for an eye |
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Egypt: Old Kingdom Period (3100 to 2500 BC) |
Narmer is first pharaoh uniting Upper and Lower Egypt HORUS: Sky or Falcon God |
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Middle Kingdom (2500 to 1700 BC) |
Sun God or Ra (or Reg)- Lower Egypt (memphis) Amun- Upper Egypt (thebes) Hyskos invasion 1700 BC (foreign rule for 200 years) |
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New Kingdom (1550 to 1000 BC) |
combination of two gods becoming Amun-Ra Hatepshut (first female pharaoh) Thutmose III Aten Heresy - outlaws worship of all gods except Aten (sun rays) |
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Logographic/ideographic |
blending pictograph with images that convey ideas or have sound value can have thousands of signs (chinese) |
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Syllabary |
text, image or symbols can stand for consonant plus a vowel sound 40-60 signs (Linear B) |
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Abjad |
purely consonantal system (no vowels) 15-20 signs (phoenician) |
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Etruscan |
Known script and unknown language |
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Rongorongo(early eastern island writing) |
unknown script and unknown language |
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Keys to decipherment |
determine what kind of writing sysytem employ frequency analysis figure out grammar and syntax analyze pronoun and place name usage discover a bilingual (or better, multilingual) |
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Ancient Israel (1200 to 500 BC) |
Some egyptian influence was likely (name Moses) Hebrew means to traverse or cross over |
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Formative Period in Ancient Israel |
First mention of Israel from the Merneptah Stele According to the Bible Israel becomes United Kingdom circa Division of Hebrew State into Kingdom of Northern Israel and Southern Judah around 850 BC |
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Exilic Phase |
Nothern Kingdom conquered by Assyria in 722 BC deportation of 10-12 tribes of Israel Southern Judah and its capital Jerusalem conquered by Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon (destruction of first temple) Jews allowed to return to their landto rebuild temple under Persian King Cyrus the Great (book of Ezra and Edict of Cyrus) Beginning writing oh Hebrew Bible (Old Testament) |
