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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
CVC pattern (sat, chin)
regardless of how many consonants are on either side of a SINGLE vowel |
will usually stand for a "short" vowel sound.
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What is the purpose of word study? (2)
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It increases specific knowledge of words - the spelling and meaning of individual words
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The English spelling system is alphabetic because
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it represents the relationship between letters and sounds
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In the VCCV pattern (robber)
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the first vowel is usually short.
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Research for more than 20 years has established how children learn
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the specific features of words as well as the order in which they learn them.
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Word study instruction must match
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the needs of the child.
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What is the purpose of word study? (1)
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It teaches students to examine words to discover the regularities, patterns, and rules of English orthography needed to read and spell
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Teach to where a child
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"is at"
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If the student is puzzling over whether "Robber" has one or two b's, if they know the VCCV pattern
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they can make a good guess at two b's.
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What are the three levels of English orthography?
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Alphabet
Pattern Meaning |
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Word study begins with
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what each child knows about the cumulative aspects of English spelling.
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Children's spellings provide
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a direct window into how they think the system works.
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In the VCV pattern, (radar, begin)...
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the first vowel is usually long.
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Syllables follow
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spelling patterns, too.
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Interpret what a child does when she spells, target that child's "zone of proximal development" and then
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plan word study that a student is conceptually ready to master.
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An example of comparing and contrasting words by consistent spelling patterns
associated with categories of sound: |
ay - play, day, tray
and ai- wait, rain, chain |
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The pattern layer of English orthography
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overlays the alphabetic layer.
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What is written language all about?
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-Letter sound correspondences
-phonics -spelling patterns -high frequency word recognition -decoding strategies -word use and meanings and other word skills |
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The child who writes LT
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has made a quantum leap, because they have grasped that there systematic matches between sounds and letters that must be made when writing.
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What kind of reader is a child who writes LT for light?
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A beginning reader
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An early letter name speller LT for light
is a |
beginning reader
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Emergent stage
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no letter-sound correspondence
lack understanding of the alphabetic principal. |
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In Words Their Way, the word stage is used as
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a metaphor to inform instruction.
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Stages are marked by broad qualitative shifts
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in the types of spelling errors children commit as well as behavioral changes in their reading and writing.
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An example of categorizing words by meaning, use, and parts of speech:
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Admiration is spelled with an "i" because it comes from the word admire.
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Emergent stage
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scribbles
letter-like forms random letters that have no phonetic relationship with the words they believe they are writing |
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An example of comparing and contrasting words by sounds so one can categorized similary sounds and associate them consistently with letters:
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short e- bed, leg, net, neck
and short i- sit, list, pick |
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Reading and spelling are
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integrally related.
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There is remarkable consistency between
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the stages of spelling development and stages of reading development.
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Students expand their vocabulary by
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comparing one concept with another
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The better a reader knowledge of the system...
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the better they are at decoding and unfamiliar word,
inventing a spelling or guessing a word's meaning |
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What are the five threads of literacy?
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Oral language
Stories Reading Writing Orthography |
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During the primary years, word knowledge is primarily ...
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aural
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Word study activities mimic
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basic cognitive learning processes.
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Word Study activities are
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hands on activities.
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The basic cognitive learning processes that wrod study activities mimic are:
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-comparing and contrasting categories of word features
and -discovering similarities and differences within and between categories |
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During word study, words are sorted in routines which
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require children to examine, discriminate and make critical judgements about speech sounds, word structures, spelling patterns and meaning
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CVCe AND CVVC patterns
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very often represent long vowel sounds.
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Letters can be matched
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somtimes singly, sometimes in pairs- to sounds from left to right to come up with words
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The alphabetic principle in English spelling is
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the first layer of information, at work
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Word study examines words
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in order to reveal consistencies within the written language system
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Word study helps students master
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the recognition, spelling, and meaning of specific words
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Learners who lack knowledge about the general spelling system are left with
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rote memorization which takes longer and is more easily forgotten
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As you learn more about words,
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your brain comes to operate in terms of letter patterns rather than individual letters.
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Examples of groups of letters that have meaning are
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prefixes, suffixes, Greak and Latin roots.
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What is the layer or orthography that overarches alphabet and pattern?
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Meaning
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Often a
CVVC pattern in a single syllable means |
the word has a long vowel sound -
the second vowel letter is silent but serves to indicate that the first vowel letter is long. |
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What is the best way to develop fast, accurate perception of word features?
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to engage in meaningful reading and writing and
multiple opportunities to examine those same words out of context, in isolation, in all their glory |