Women's Studies Test 1 I.d's

Front 1

Feminine Mystique

Back 1

Written by Betty Friedan

Addressed "The Problem with no name"

Directed towards white, upper-middle class women

Front 2

Women's Liberation

Back 2

Political consciousness

Founds its roots in the Civil Rights Movement

Advocated the need to stand together to make change (strength in numbers)

Front 3

Feminism

Back 3

An ideology; a set of values, such as: gender is a social/historical construction, women are made and not born, gender is a defining factor in individual/social experiences

Front 4

Title IX

Back 4

Liberal Feminism

Passed in 1972 as part of the Education Amendments of that year. Denied funds for men's sports unless equal amounts was provided for female sports. Instantly altered women's relationship with athletics and sports. Often thought of as a bad thing from a man's perspective. Has forced many universities to drop certain sports with no female equivalent (eg. Football, Wrestling, etc.)

Front 5

Pauli Murray

Back 5

Liberal Feminism

Lawyer and black activist who campaigned for the Equal Pay Act

Wrote "Proud Shoes"

Front 6

Suffragettes

Back 6

1st Women's Movement

Group of radical women in England before WWI. They were put in jail for violence and went on a hunger strike. They were then released from jail and brought back to health before they were arrested, again.

Led to the inc. of radical following in the US

Front 7

Gender

Back 7

Roles est. and imposed by society, not biology

Socially constructed(Woman is made, not born)

Defines interactions b/w sex/gender norms

Changeable

Order/power structure

Front 8

Betty Friedan

Back 8

Author of "Feminine Mystique"

Front 9

Eleanor Roosevelt

Back 9

Worked with Pres. Kennedy to initiate and commission a survey measuring the status of women

Aided the development of the ERA

In 1961, she was appointed (by Kennedy) as the head of the Presidential Commission of the Status of Women

Front 10

Declaration of Sentiments

Back 10

1st Women's Movement

Came from the Seneca Falls Convention

Based on the Dec. of Independence

Declaration that women are entitled to equal rights

Front 11

Simone de Beauvoir

Back 11

Wrote "The Second Sex" which dealt with how we as a society deal with the responsibility of motherhood without creating inequality

Coined the phrase, "Woman is made, not born"

"The female is the victim of the species"

Women's whole biological life (starting at their first menstruation) is at a disadvantage b/c everything that happens to them makes them weaker than men.

Giving birth and raising the next generation creates dependence on men

Front 12

Patriarchy

Back 12

Literally means "Rule of Fathers" which is a form of social organization in which the male represents the head of the family and all lineage is traced through him

Also means "Government by Men" which is defined as a society characterized by hierarchical relationships b/w men and women

Men are superordinate and women are subordinate

Front 13

19th Amendment

Back 13

Gave women the right to vote (1920)

End of 1st Women's Movement

Front 14

ERA

Back 14

Equal Rights Act

Passed but not ratified by the States.

Some women didn't want it to pass b/c they felt that they wouldn't be protected at their jobs

Front 15

Consciousness Raising

Back 15

Groups of women gathering to discuss similar issues and collective issues

A more personal way of sharing on a large scale to change ideals

Front 16

Cat and Mouse Act

Back 16

In England in the early 20th Century

Suffragettes would be jailed (a "cat and mouse" action b/w policemen and women)

These actions spurred radical, younger women in the states to take more active roles in the movement

Front 17

Lucy Stone

Back 17

Attended Oberlin (1st college to accept women and blacks)

Helped promote ideology on women's superiority which said that "women are morally superior to men" and that it is imperative to teach these ideals to the next generation

Lived during early 19th century (First feminist movement)

Had a daughter, Liz Blackwell who founded a newspaper. She also formed and joined communities who were advocates for women's suffrage

Front 18

Reproductive Rights

Back 18

Advocated for more freedom over women's bodies (e.g. abortion rights, sterilization, contraception, etc.)

Focused on minorities (article from Dear Sisters "An african-american woman speaks out for abortion rights, sterilization")

Learning about women's bodies (women's health education)

Front 19

Sojourner Truth

Back 19

Slave from NY and speaker for women's rights and abolitionism.

Wrote "Ain't I a woman"

Played a large role during the 1st Women's Movement

She was very big on racial and class issues

Front 20

Robin Morgan

Back 20

Wrote "Goodbye to all that"

Was mad at the left for their dominating relationships with women.

Also declared independence from the movement (the left) that promotes equality but doesn't act on it.

2nd Women's Movement

Front 21

Jane Addams

Back 21

Founded Women's International League for Peace and Freedom.

Helped organize the women's global movement that was dedicated to universal disarmament

Front 22

"Personal is Political"

Back 22

Personal relationships are considered to be political in nature b/c they are created and structured by relations of power (such as family hierarchies)

Led to many books being written against the family hierarchy

2nd Feminist Movement (from Women's Liberation)

Front 23

Susan B. Anthony

Back 23

Involved in women's suffrage

Predicted that women would eventually be awarded the right to vote

Involved in the Seneca Falls Convention

Front 24

Seneca Falls Convention

Back 24

The first women's movement convention that was focused on women's suffrage.

1848

Was a significant event during the 1st Women's Movement

Front 25

NOW

Back 25

Liberal Feminism (2nd Women's Movement)

Consisted of upper-middle-class women

Focused on changing policies

Front 26

Title VII

Back 26

A legal success of women

Bill that prohibited discrimination in employment on the basis of race, color, religion or national origin, by private employers

In 1960, congressman Smith offered an amendment to add "Sex" to Title VII

Front 27

Elizabeth C. Stanton

Back 27

Seneca Fall Convention

Compared women's rights to African Americans

Part of the first movement

Front 28

Lucretia Mott

Back 28

Abolitionist,quaker minister, initiator of women's political advocacy, help led Seneca Falls

Considered 1st American feminist

Front 29

Redstockings/Manifesto

Back 29

NY group and branches in FL and CA

Much harder on men than others

Founded in 1969, development of feminist radical theory

Front 30

Adrienne Rich

Back 30

Self-defined radical

Wrote "Towards a Women Centered Society"

Self-declared lesbian

Gave one of the definitions of patriarchy

Front 31

Grimke Sisters

Back 31

Angela & Sarah

Part of 1st women's movement

From SC slave owning family turned to Quakerism and moved to Philadelphia