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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three phases of the ovarian cycle
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*follicular phase
*ovulation *luteal phase |
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what are the three phases of the endometrial cycle
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*proliferative phase
*secretory phase *ischemic phase |
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What does estrogen do
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develops female characteristics,
prepares the uterus for the fertilized egg, regulates production and release of FSH and LH by the aterior pituitary, growth and development of the primary follicle |
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what are two of the gonadatrophic hormones
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*FSH follicle stimulating hormone
*LH leutinizing hormone |
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what does progesterone do
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prepares the uterus for pregnancy by promoting secretory endometrial cells maintaining the placenta and inhibiting uterine contractions to prevent the loss of the pregnancy
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what are two of the ovarian hormones
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*estrogen
*progesterone |
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what happens in the follicular phase
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maturation of the follicles in the ovaries
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What is purpose of FSH
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stimulate the development of follicles in the ovaries and secrete estrogen
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what happens during ovulation
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movement of the egg and follicle toward the outside of the ovary
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What is the purpose of LH
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stimulates the mature follicle before rupture
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what happens in the luteal phase
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development of the corpus luteum
the spot fills with yellow material and turns white after about 8 days forming the corpus albicans |
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what hormone does the corpus luteum secrete
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progesterone
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When does PMS occur
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during the second part of the cycle in the luteal phase and usually resolves with the onset of menses
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what happens in the proliferative phase
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build up of the lining
cells become thicker and deeper as endometrium prepares for implantation |
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How does PMDD differ from PMS
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it is associated with severe mood disorder occuring with symptoms of PMS during the luteal phase and has a significant emotional core problem with at least 5 PMS symptoms accompanying
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what is the secretory phase
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the last two weeks post ovulation
the ulterus begins to die down a little bit |
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what are symptoms of PMS
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irritability,
mood swings depression anger aggression tearfulness bloating breast tenderness myalgia headache fatigue low back pain changes in appetite |
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what happens in the ischemic phase
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when there is no pregnancy there is a decrease in the estrogen
endometrial lining dies and sloughs off |
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what is the treatment for PMDD and PMS
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diet
exercise behavior modification nsaids (naprosin, motrin) oral contraceptives antidepressants (SSRIs) vitamin b6 supplementation |
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how much blood on average is lost during the menstral cycle
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approximately 35ml blood
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polymenorreah
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cycles that occur frequently - less than 21 days
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oligomenorrhea
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cycles that occur greater than 35 days
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when to use hormone replacement therapy with caution
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*seizure disorders
*high lipid profile *migraines *gallbladder disease |
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metrorrhagia
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irregular, frequent menses
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benefits of hormone replacement therapy
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*osteoporosis (increases bond density)
*CV disease (reduction in cad and cva) *endocrine effects (reduce DM II risk, decreases insulin resistance) *cognitive effects *relief of genitourinary sx (vaginal dryness, etc) *relief of perimenopause |
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menorrhagia
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hypermenorrhea - hyperbleeding/ abnormal amount of blood
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hormone replacement treatments consist of what hormones
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*estrogen
-conjugated -esterified -estradiol *progesterone -synthetic -provera |
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menometrorrhagia
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not only too much blood but irregular bleeding as well
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What are some alternative treatments for menopause
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black cohosh
soy flaxseeds wild yams cream vitamin e B6 |
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when not to use Hormone replacement therapy
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*breast cancer
*thrombophebitis *pregnancy *liver dysfunction *endometrial cancer *undiagnosed bleeding |
