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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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According to the CDC, at what levels of CD4 and HIV RNA loads should therapy be started regardless of whether pt is symptomatic?
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CD4 < 500
HIV RNA - > 10,000 |
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According to the CDC, what disorders with or without evidence of HIV infection can define AIDS? (11 total)
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- Kaposi's sarcoma
- PCP (pneumocystis jiroveci) - esophageal, trachea, bronchi, lungs candidiasis - extrapulmonary cryptococcosis -cryptosporidiosis with persistent diarrhea -CMV -herpes simplex with PERSISTENT skin lesions - Mycobacterium Avium inf -progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy -toxoplasmosis of brain -primary brain lymphoma if < 60 yo - |
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What is the NEUROLOGICAL symptomatic triad typical of AIDS pts?
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- cognitive, motor, and behavioral changes
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What is Kaposi's sarcoma?
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a multifocal neoplasm with vascular tumor on skin and other organs
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What is cryptococcus?
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a life threatening systemic fungal infection that usually targets CNS and lungs but can affect anywhere in the body
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What is cryptosporidiosis?
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A protozoal infection responsible for diarrhea in AIDS pts
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What is the most common cause of diarrhea in an AIDS pt, what part of the intestine is affected, how much diarrhea can be expected?
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infection with crytosporidium
-affects small intestine - up to 4L day of diarrhea |
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What type of protozoal infection can cause encephalitis in AIDS patients?
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Toxoplasmosis
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What kind of fungal infection can cause meningitis in AIDS pts?
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cryptococcus
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According to the CDC, if a woman is HIV positive how should her PAP tests be handled (timing)
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If initial is negative, repeat in 6 months, if still negative, q1yr
If a PAP is abnormal with inflammation with reactive squamous changes, then should be repeated in 3 months |
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What is the first choice for prophylaxis for the first episode of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in an adult or adolescent with HIV?
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Bactrim DS 1 PO Daily x 10 days
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Define a FUO in patients with HIV.
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Temp > 101 on multiple occasions over 4 weeks (outpt) or 3 weeks (inpt) with an uncertain diagnosis after 3 appropriate investigations of cultures.
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What are some common causes of FUO in HIV pts?
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- drug fevers
-TB -sinusitis -cryptococcus -histoplasmosis -PCP -MAC -disseminated CMV -esophag candida |
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What are the classic signs of CMV infection on fundoscopic exam?
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- cotton wool spots
-hemorrhage -exudates |
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What are the most common s/s of PRIMARY HIV infection?
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fever (95%)
fatigue (90%) pharyngitis (70%) |
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How long should pts be treated for TB?
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- with multiple drug therapy usually 6-9 month but immunosuppressed & people with drug resistant strains may need 1-2 yrs
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What TB drug would be used to treat a pregnant woman?
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INH
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When must you report TB to the health dept?
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- when a PPD is >/= 15 mm
- when you SUSPECT TB -when an asymptomatic person has a positive CXR for TB |
