Wid1 - Spinal Nerve And Suboccipital Triangle; Back 2

Front 1

What are the 3 extrinsic layer of the muscles of the back?

Back 1

superficial
Intermediate
Deep

Front 2

What muscles are considered Superficial muscles of the back (extrinsic)

Back 2

trapezius and latissimus dorsi

Front 3

What muscles are considered extrinsic intermediate muscles of the back?

Back 3

levator scapulae, rhomboid major and minor

Front 4

What extrinsic muscles of the back are considered deep?

Back 4

serratus posterior superior and inferior

Front 5

What muscles of the back are intrinsic?

Back 5

splenius group, semispinalis group, eretor spinae, transversospinal group

Front 6

What is the extrinsic superficial muscles of the back concerned with moving? (what body part)?

Back 6

upper limb

Front 7

T/F The extrinsic muscles of the back aren't concerned with moving muscles of the back.

Back 7

true

Front 8

What muscles border the triangle of auscultation?

Back 8

Trapezius, latissimus dorsi, and rhomboid major

Front 9

What is the intermediate extrinsic layer of the muscles of the back concerned with moving

Back 9

the scapula

Front 10

What doe the deep layer muscles of the extrinsic muslce of the back function in?

Back 10

respiration and to strap down the eretor spinae

Front 11

What is responsible for keeping the spine erect?

Back 11

erector spinae

Front 12

What elevates teh upper ribs in the deep layer of the muscles of the back?

Back 12

serratus posterior superior

Front 13

what depresses lower ribs in the deep muscles of the back?

Back 13

serratus posterior inferior

Front 14

What functions as a retinacula "straps down"

Back 14

the deep layer straps down the erector spinae

Front 15

What innervates the trapezius?

Back 15

spinal accessory nerve (CN 11)

Front 16

What innervates the latissiums?

Back 16

thoracodorsal nerve

Front 17

What innervfates the rhomboid major?

Back 17

dorsal scapular nerve

Front 18

What innervates the rhomboid minor?

Back 18

dorsal scapular nerve

Front 19

What innervates the levator scapulae?

Back 19

dorsal scapular nerve

Front 20

What innervates ALL of the intermediate muscles of the extrinsic muscles of teh back?

Back 20

dorsal scapular nerve

Front 21

What innervates both the serratus posterior superior and inferior?

Back 21

ventral rami (segmental)

Front 22

T/F the segmental innervation by anterior rami DON'T form a plexus

Back 22

true

Front 23

Why do the serratus post. superior and inferior get to be segmentally innervated by the ventral rami/

Back 23

they are innervated by ventral rami, as they develop on the ventral side of the body and then migrate dorsally

Front 24

What are the 3 layers of the intrinsic muscles of the back?

Back 24

superficial
intermediate
deep

Front 25

What are the superficial intrinsic muscles of the back?

Back 25

splenius capitis and splenius cervicis

Front 26

What are the intermediate intrinsic muscles of the back?

Back 26

eretor spinae
a. iliocostalis
b. longissiums
c. spinalis

Front 27

What are teh deep intrinsic muscles of the back

Back 27

simispinalis, multifidus, and the rotators

Front 28

What is the splenius capitis and splenius cervicis innervated by?

Back 28

dorsal rami

Front 29

What is the action of teh splenius capitis and splenisu cervicis?

Back 29

extend, rotate, and laterally felx the head and neck

Front 30

What does splenius mean?

Back 30

bandage

Front 31

Where does the splenius cervicis end?

Back 31

on the cervical vertebrae

Front 32

Where does the splenius capitis attach?

Back 32

to the mastoid process

Front 33

T/F the splenius capitis and cervicis act bilaterally

Back 33

true

Front 34

What is the only muscle that has 'tendinous teeth'?

Back 34

iliocostalis of the erector spinae

Front 35

What innervates the erector spinae (all three divisions)

Back 35

dorsal primary rami

Front 36

What are the 3 divisions of the erector spinae/

Back 36

iliocostalis (most lateral)
longissimus - intermediate
spinalis (medial most)

Front 37

What does the pneumonic "I Like Spaghetti" stand for?

Back 37

I - iliocostalis
L - longissimus
S - spinalis

Front 38

What innervates ALL of the intrinsic muscles?

Back 38

dorsal primary rami (int. and deep)
superficial - dorsal rami

Front 39

What is the action of the erector spinae?

Back 39

extend, rotate, and laterally flex the vertebral column and head, role in action of paradox - control flexion by gradual relaxation

Front 40

How does the erector spinae control flexion of the spinal coolumn?

Back 40

by gradual relaxation

Front 41

What are the deep intrinsic muscles of the back?

Back 41

semispinalis, multifidus, and the rotators

Front 42

What intrinsic muscles of the back are big in posture, rotating and stabilizing?

Back 42

deep layer

Front 43

What deep intrinsic layer muscles extends the entire length of the spine (is really big in the lumbar region), and attaches to vertebrae but is more exterior to rotator.

Back 43

multifidus

Front 44

What intrinsic muslces action is to extend rotate the head, neck and trunk?

Back 44

deep muscles of the back

Front 45

Wher are the main muslce found that rotate the body?

Back 45

in the thoracic area

Front 46

Where are the main muscles responsible for rotating the head found?

Back 46

in the cervical region

Front 47

Where are rotators found?

Back 47

attaching from one transverse process of a vertebrae to the lamina of other vertebrae

Front 48

The superficial layer of extrinsic muscluature of the back is concerned with moving the

Back 48

upper limb (trap and latissimus)

Front 49

The intrinsic musculature of the back is mainly concerned with moving the

Back 49

vertebral column

Front 50

The ________ nervous system is the brain + spinal cord

Back 50

central

Front 51

The ___ nervous system is the spinal and cranial nerve and association ganglia

Back 51

peripheral

Front 52

The functional division - _________ nervous system that does voluntary, skeletal muscle mvt.

Back 52

somatic

Front 53

What does the autonomic nervous system do?

Back 53

controls smooth and cardia msucle and glands

Front 54

Myelin acts as an electrical ________ and __- the veloctiy of impulse conduction.

Back 54

insultator, increases

Front 55

In the PNS - one schwann cell wraps _ segment of _______ neuronal process

Back 55

one, one

Front 56

In the CNS - each cytoplasmic process of the oligodentdrocyte contacts a neruonal process and wraps _ internode. A single oligodendrocyte myelinates a _________ portion of numerous neuronal processes.

Back 56

single

Front 57

What type of myelin is a "space saver"

Back 57

oligodendro

Front 58

Name from interior to exterior (axon to epineurium) the layers surrounding an axon

Back 58

axon, neurolemma, perineurium, epineurium

Front 59

What spinal segments have the intermediolateral cell column?

Back 59

T1 - L2

Front 60

When you do a lumbar puncture what do you have to be below?

Back 60

L2

Front 61

What does the semispinalis direct you to?

Back 61

occipital triangle

Front 62

What posterior rami nerve has a name?

Back 62

greater occipital nerve (sensory

Front 63

What nerve innervates all muscles of suboccipital triangel/

Back 63

suboccipital nerve

Front 64

How many spinal nerves are there?

Back 64

8

Front 65

How many cervical spinal vertebrae are there?

Back 65

7

Front 66

T/F the dural sac is still present and lined by arachnoid and has CSF

Back 66

true

Front 67

Wath is the external occipital protuberance and mastoid process on the skull kind of 'like' in relation to the vertebrae?

Back 67

protuberance: spinous process
mastoid: transverse process

Front 68

What is the end of the spinal cord called?

Back 68

conus medullaris

Front 69

what is the horse tail of nerves coming off of the spinal cord called?

Back 69

cauda equina - composed of ant. and post. roots

Front 70

What runs through the gray ramus communicans?

Back 70

postganglionic sympathetic fibers

Front 71

What runs through the white ramus communicans/

Back 71

preganglionic symp fibers

Front 72

What runs through the ventral primary ramus/

Back 72

sensory fibers, motor fibers and postganglionic symp fibers

Front 73

what runs through the dorsal primary ramus?

Back 73

sensory, motor and postganglionic symp fibers

Front 74

Where is the postganglion symp found?

Back 74

in the paravertebral symp ganglion

Front 75

Where are the motor neurons found?

Back 75

in the anterior gray matter of the spinal cord

Front 76

There is _____ pair of spinal nerves assocaited with each spinal cord level

Back 76

one

Front 77

C1-C7 named for the vertebra _ to their exit.

Back 77

inferior

Front 78

C8 exits between the ___ cervical and __- thoracic vertebrae

Back 78

7th, 1st

Front 79

What does C8 exit in a wierd way?

Back 79

this is a developmental result of the cranial half of the 1st cervical somite fusing with the occipital bone, while the caudal half fuses with the cranial half of the 2nd cervical somite to form the 1st vertebrae

Front 80

the thoracic has ___ pairs of spinal nerve named for the vertebrae immediately _________

Back 80

12, superior

Front 81

Because of the discrepancy in length between the spinal cord (relatively short) and the vertebral column (relatively long) the more inferior arising roots are longer and more vertical - forming the ______- ____-

Back 81

cauda equina

Front 82

What muscles make up the suboccipital triangle?

Back 82

rectus capitis posterior major
inferior oblique, superior oblique

Front 83

What artery is found within the suboccipital triange>

Back 83

vertebral artery

Front 84

what nerve is found within the suboccipital triangle?

Back 84

suboccipital nerve

Front 85

what nerve pierces the semispinalis (capitis)

Back 85

greater occipital nerve

Front 86

Where is the great occipital nerve located?

Back 86

below the inferior oblique (inf. obliquus capitis)