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3 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
The Political Context of Revolt

Botha realised elements of apartheid not working, in terms of it not really benefiting whites.


Original reform designed preserve white power.


Botha still investing massively in homelands so they can become separate states.


Botha found some people from tricameral parliament who were prepared to work for system eg Allan Hendrickse - Labour Party.


Main strategy to get black allies was giving them greater political responsibility and local power.


Was offered under Community Council Act of 1977 and Black Local Authorities Act of 1982.


They hoped that having black people in power would reduce tension, but it didn't, people just didn't vote as they thought they were fraudulent.


People in townships believed they could make a difference, Eg Sam Buti, used powers to improve social conditions there.


New entrepreneurs took advantage of power of new councils, led to the expansion of taxi industry.


These council powers include: Allocating housing, employing local officials, awarding contracts and grant licenses to businessmen e.g. liquor outlets.


Government gave power to townships to raise more revenue locally.


This was done by raising rent levels in council housing, where many blacks lived. Had to be done to improve public services, couldn't afford it otherwise.


High rent meant increased shack settlements.


Tension caused by urban councils trying to stop growth, as they caused it.


Councillors seen as 'sell outs' because they were abusing their position AND they were part of apartheid institutions.


Youth politicians 'betraying' communities as they were doing government dirty work.


So the passing down of power from central to local government was increasing tension amongst blacks in community.







UDF and Grass Roots Organisation

1983 - Activists from many anti-apartheid organisations want to take stand against Botha reform of constitution.




UDF formed as a response. Argued for fully democratic SA.




First rally from them held in Mitchells Plain in August 83 in Cape Town.




Site chosen to emphasise 'non racial character', included coloured and well as Africans.




ANC sympathisers at heart of UDF e.g. Winnie Mandela and Albertina Sisulu.




Incorporated new generation of articulate national leaders. E.g. Desmond Tutu and Frank Chikane (church leaders).




UDF adopted Freedom Charter but did not advocate the armed struggle.




Got wide range of support, made boycotts for Indians and Coloured to their parliament.




Only 13% of Indians and 18% of coloured actually voted for these two parliaments.




These boycotts and lack of voting practically rendered Botha's institutions 'inoperable'.




UDF was a collection of racial groups against apartheid, but had different priorities, ideologies and forms of resistance.




1983 COSAS (Congress of South African Students) become main affiliates of UDF.




UDF becomes established in Transvaal townships early 84 through Million Signatures Campaign.



















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