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35 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

church

the institution at the heart of medieval society

Rome

patriarchate that rose to preeminence

saints

term Roman Catholics apply to Bible characters or to noteworthy Christians

transubstantiation

Catholic doctrine that states that the wine and the bread become the body and the blood of Christ in the hands of the priest

Franks

most powerful of the Germanic peoples

mayor of the palace

true power behind the "do-nothing kings"

Charlemagne

means "Charles the Great"; Aix-la-Chapelle (his royal court at Aachen); crowned emperor on Christmas Day 800 AD

feudalism

a political system in which local rulers offered the people protection in return for their services; this form of government prevailed in western Europe from the ninth to the thirteenth centuries

page, squire, knight

correct order for becoming a knight

chivalry

the strict code of behavior for becoming a knight

manor

the self-contained farming community controlled by a lord and farmed by his peasants

demesne

lord's land

vulgate

Latin translation for the Bible

sacrament

the Catholic term for a religious act that automatically grants grace by its performance

"do-nothing kings"

nickname earned by the Merovingian kings because of their lack of prestige and accomplishments

Verdun Treaty

split Charlemagne's empire into three separate kingdoms

homage

ceremony in which a man became a vassal and thus became eligible for a fief

Alcuin

educator from York; one of the best scholars in Europe; took charge of the palace school under Charlemagne's rule

Charles Martel

victory at the battle of Tours

Charles the Bald

West Frankland

Clovis

"King of the Franks" converted to Christianity

Lothair

divided land with his brothers and also received the title of emperor

Louis the German

East Frankland

Pepin the Short

mayor of the palace who was crowned king

aids

financial payments

fief

a land grant

investiture

symbolic act of handing over lands

lords

landholding nobles

vassal

recipient of an estate

What were the three institutions of medieval Europe? What social class represented each? What were their roles in society?

the church - clergy - to pray


the feudal system - nobility - to fight


the manor - serfs - to work

Why was Charlemagne called "the Great"?

because of his character, size, and accomplishments

How did Charlemagne organize his realm?

He divided his realm into districts (counties or shires) and appointed counts to administer each district

What were Charlemagne's contributions to the advancement of learning?

He gathered scholars, showed concern for educated clergy, and supported the rediscovery and preservation of classical and biblical manuscripts

What three groups invaded Europe in the ninth and tenth centuries?

Muslims from North Africa


Magyars from the East


Vikings from the North

Which one of the three groups that invaded Europe during the ninth and tenth centuries did the most damage and how?

The Vikings caused the most damage by plundering and terrorizing the villages of Europe.