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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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MANSA MUSA |
Ruler of Mali (r. 1312-1337). His hajj through Egypt to Mecca established the empire's reputation for wealth in the Mediterranean world.
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BUREAUCRACY
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A system of departments and agencies formed to carry out the work of government.
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CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS
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Genoese mariner who in the service of Spain led four expeditions across the Atlantic, establishing contact between the peoples of the Americas and the Old World and opening the way to Spanish conquest and colonization.
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THEOCRACY
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A government in which the ruler is viewed as a divine figure; a government controlled by religious leaders.
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FERDINAND MAGELLAN
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Portuguese navigator who led the Spanish expedition of 1519-1521 that was the first to sail around the world.
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SCHISM
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A formal split within a religious community such as those that have occurred in Christianity, Islam and Buddhism.
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COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE
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The global transfer of plants, animals,diseases and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following 1492.
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VERNACULAR
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The everyday language of people in a region or country.
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LIMITED MONARCHY/CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY
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A form of government where the king must answer to a legislative body and to the people.
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ASSIMILATION
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The adoption of a people's culture by another group of people; a policy in which a nation forces or encourages a subject people to adopt its institutions and customs.
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LEONARDO DA VINCI
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One of the big three Italian Renaissance artists; painter, inventor, and scientist; painted the "Mona Lisa" and "The Last Supper".
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JOHANNES GUTENBERG
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Spread the ideas of the Renaissance, Reformation and Scientific Revolution with his invention of moveable type and the printing press.
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EVOLUTION
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A period of time when change occurs slowly.
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AGE OF EXPLORATION
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A period of time during the 15th and 16th centuries when great voyages to find alternate routes to Asia were made and new territories were discovered and claimed. An early example of imperialism.
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REPUBLIC
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A form of government where the people elect those that will govern them; an indirect or representative democracy.
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MICHELANGELO
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One of the big three Italian Renaissance artists; poet, sculptor, painter, and architect; known for the "Pieta" and "David"; painted the ceiling and alter wall of the Sistine Chapel.
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EMPIRE
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An area where one group of people have control over many different ethnic groups, cultures, religions, and languages.
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CULTURAL DIFFUSION
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The spreading of goods and ideas through trade, travel and war.
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REVOLUTION
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A period of time when change occurs rapidly; may be brought about by war or could occur peacefully.
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CIVILIZATION
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An advanced society with economic diversification, architectural style, organized religion, complex institutions, record keeping and advanced technology
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ABSOLUTE MONARCHY
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A form of government where the king or queen has complete control; usually relies on the belief in the divine right of kings.
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INCAS
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Created an advanced civilization in the Andes Mountains of South America stretching from Ecuador to Chile; used quipos to record major events.
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CRUSADES
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Expeditions in which medieval Christain warriors sought to recover control of the Holy Land from the Muslims. These armed pilgrimages brought an end to western Europe's centuries of intellectual and cultural isolation.
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FEUDALISM
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A political system in which nobles are grated the use of lands that legally belong to their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people who live on the land.
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MAYANS
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Mesoamerican civilization that developed on Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula but never unified into a single empire. Major contributions were in mathematics, astronomy, and development of a calendar. Conquered by the Aztecs who absorbed much of their culture and architecture.
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HUMANISM
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In classical Greece, the glorification of the human body and mind; in the Renaissance an intellectual movement in which thinkers studied classical texts and focused on human potential and achievements.
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AZTECS
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Developed an advanced civilization in central Mexico; they forced defeated peoples to provide goods and labor as a tax; used human sacrifices to appease their gods.
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RENAISSANCE
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A period of European history, during which renewed interest in classical culture led to far-reaching changes in art, learning, and views of the world.
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DEMOCRACY
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A government controlled directly by its citizens who have equal political and legal rights, privileges and protections.
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BANTU MIGRATION
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A movement of sub-Saharan peoples through the 10th century; the wave reached the east African interior. Taking with them knowledge of iron, herders in the north and farmers in the south mixed with older populations in the region. Others were moving to the African coast. Thus creating coastal trading ports.
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MANDATE OF HEAVEN
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Chinese religious and political ideology developed by the Zhou. The power to rule China comes from "Heaven", the chief diety, who also has the prerogative to take power away if the ruler fails to conduct himself justly and in the best interests of his subjects. Justification for the dynastic cycle.
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VASCO DA GAMA
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Portuguese explorer. In 1497-1498 he led the first naval expedition from Europe to sail to India, opening an important commercial sea route.
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ASHOKA
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Third ruler of the Mauryan Empire in India (r. 273-232 BCE). He converted to Buddhism and broadcast his precepts on inscribed stones and pillar. the earliest surviving Indian writing.
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ZHENG HE
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An imperial eunuch and Muslim, entrusted by the Ming emperor Yongle with a series of state voyages that took his gigantic treasure ships (junks) through the Indian Ocean, from Southeast Asia to Africa.
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