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13 Cards in this Set

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Some Salient features of wetlands

Shallow water or saturated soil


degree of accumulated organic matter


Hydric soils


presence of organisms adapted to tolerate saturated conditions


absence of flood-tolerant organisms

5

What two aspects of hydrology determine the 4 types of wetlands? (Brinson 1993)

Depth of Flooding


Duration of flooding


Wetlands are transitional zones between aquatic and terrestrial features. This is sometimes called an ___________

Ecotone

What are some plant adaptations for a wetland environment?

Aerenchyma cells (water hyacinth)


Flotation (Giant lily pads)


Stilt roots


Carnivory

Why worry about wetlands?

Biodiversity


Flood attenuation


water quality


nutrient cycling


raw materials (for housing)


food (cranberries)

Biogeochecmial Cycling

Carbon sinks


Nitrogen cycling


pollutant Transformation


Sediment capture (some)

Nutrient cycling (sources/ sinks/transformations)

What is productivity? (How is it measured?)

Amount of biomass

What are the 4 principal drivers of wetland distribution and variability?

Climate


landscape setting


water source


hydroperiod


They are all interrelated

Sources of water input for Wetlands

Groundwater (Fens)


Surface water


Precipitation

Can be combinations of the 3

What is subsurface flow?

lateral movement of water

Problems with defining wetlands?

1) variability in landscape context


2) variability in hydrology (spatially & temporally)


3) variation in vegetation (temporal variability/ fidelity of wetland organisms)


4)wetland sin transitional areas (ecotones)


5)Humans (modifications and obscurantism)

Hydrophyte

plant species that is adapted to wet conditions

hydric soils

soils that formed under conditions of saturation, flooding, or ponding long enough during the growing season to develop anaerobic conditions in the upper part