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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why were Charlemagne distrust the pope's motives in the crowning Charlemagne as Holy Roman Empire?
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The action would give future popes the idea that they had more power and political superiority over the Holy Roman Empire than Charlemange would allow. The coronation was planned without the emperor's knowledge, and Charlemange was suspicious in part because he simply didn't need the title. He was already de facto emperor in his own right.
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How could Charlemagne create such a powerful empire?
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He forced the peoples of the lands he conquered into Christianity, enlisted the help of counts to supervise local governance in their territories, convene courts, establish tolls, administer royal lands, and collect taxes. He created a coinage to facilitate trade which was still used in Europe and Britain until the 1970s. He also periodically sent out messengers through the countryside to relay his instructions and report back on the conduct of local administrators.
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Why were the crusades launched?
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to reclaim the "holy land" from it's "muslim captors"
Gregory VII wanted to show that western military and spirtual might was greater than that of the east. |
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Why did feudalism develop after the fall of the Roman empire??
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the personal relationships within feudalism were essential to creating and maintaining order in a world with no central authority.
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Why was the magna carta an important step in the political evolution of England in the middle ages?
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-bound king by laws of land
-parliament -limited power of king by giving people rights |
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What is scholasticism?
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The theory and practice of reconciling various forms of knowledge through logical debate, often called dialetic.
caused by educational revolution brought about by muslim learnings gathered during crusades, as well as learnings from monasteries |
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How did the Mongols affect the development of russia?
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-took over kiev in 1240, ruled their russian territories, and then slowly allowed for Russian states to be semi-indepenedent
-enabled the construction of Muscovy |
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How did muscovite russia compare with other European states of the period?
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-far more diverse- largest multiethnic empire in the premodern world
-directed shared hostility toward latin Christendom |
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What caused the rise of national monarchies in the middle ages?
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The kings were actively engaged in constructing a sense of national identity among their people, and in focusing that identity on themselves, which produced a stronger monarchy.
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What was Joan of Arc Burned at the stake?
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-she was a threat, a peasant leading aristocrats, a woman leading men, and a common claiming to be commissioned by god
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What was the role of the Church in the renaissance?
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-the relative weakness of the church in italy contributed to the growth of secular power, and a more worldly outlook, and prompting the emergence of new aesthetics and aspirations
-many pieces of art and architecture religiously based |
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Why did the renaissance begin in Italy?
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Italy had many competing political institutions, the most important of which based their claims on different sources of authority. Italians thus looked to the past, dreaming of a day when rome would again be the center of the world.
-wanted national cultural identity that would oppose France's -increased wealth through increasing commercial ventures meant that talented individuals were staying at home rather than venturing out for work |
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Why did these reform movements succeed at this moment in time?
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ideas of nat'l identity were already influential, and thus available for manipulation.
-increase in power of Europe's sovereign states- many embraced protestantism out of desire for sovereignty -renaissance prompted closer study of the text of the Bible |
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What was the impact of the Council of Trent on the Catholic Church?
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It ended Protestant challenges by reaffirming all Catholic doctrinal tenets.
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How did the discovery of other world societies change europes view itself?
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The expanding consumer economy spurred the demand for manufactured goods from this and other societies, and allowed for the people to develop a better standard of living and expansion.
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What specific technologies were required to sail the open seas?
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Triangle sails, navigation tools such as astrolabe and quadrants to calculate latitude, compasses, maps and navigational charts
books with detailed sailing instructions and coastal landmarks. |
