Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
86 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Emmigrates
|
-Leave to a country
-Lands and property are bought from them. -Millions of murders |
|
Thermidorian
|
-In the month of July
-Robes Pierre(Gullitened) -This is in reaction to all of the violence -Roman Catholic Church services legally held |
|
The Constitution of 1795
|
-The right to vote came with land ownership
-Established a parliament with 2 houses -The executive is a group of 5 men called The Directory -Arguments still exist over power |
|
Napoleon Bonaparte
|
-Government overthrown in the coup de Brumaire.
-Born in Corsica -Sent to Elba for first exile -Made a name for himself in the army (Good General) -Collected Renaissance pieces from Northern Italy -Finds Rosetta Stone -Hereditary emperor of the French Government -Crowned by the Pope on December 2nd -No geographical limitations -Snatches crown from Pope: "I am alone worthy to crown myself" -Well-liked -Revised law (Civil Law), Modernized it (Code Napoleon) |
|
Lord Nelson
|
-Took fleet to Egypt and destroyed the French
-Left Napoleon stranded -Napoleon left army without leader -Napoleon plotted a coup to take over |
|
First Consul
|
-Napoleon took over French government
-Known as the consulet -1802, Consul for life with the authority to designate his successor |
|
Code Napoleon
|
-No legal protection for women or bastards
-Restored slavery in the colonies -Very tolerant on religion -Concluded treaty with Pope (Concordat) |
|
Concordat
|
-All bishops in France must be nominated by the government
-Church lands were confiscated -Church is weakened |
|
Defeating England
|
-Napoleon will not be satisfied till he has defeated England
-Goal is to won all European Countries -1803, put tariff on anythin g from England -Economically brings England to her knees -Called the Continental System -Civilians were never included in the war but now they are -confiscates British property in France |
|
Water Wars
|
-Begins to trade with U.S.
-British search U.S. ships for contraband and they can take what ever they want (people) -Bring U.S. into the war -Napoleon Confiscates ship, crew, and cargo is ship doesn't pay tariff -Napoleon can not invade England unless they are economically unstable -Quickest way to England is through Russia -U.S. Purchased Louisiana Purchase for $10-12 million |
|
Battle of Trafalgar
|
-Most decisive naval battle
-War against England and France (allied Spain) -Admiral Lord Nelson was the navel commander of HMS Victory -'Talking Flags' (signals flags) tell other members of the fleet what to do. -Lord Nelson died by armsman on French ship |
|
Russian Campaign (1812)
|
-Assembled under 700,000 troops in Germany
-Begins his march to Russia -Russian winter was worse than ever -Russians left a scorched earth policy -Arrives in Moscow and stays for 5 weeks -General Winter kills the most men |
|
Elba
|
-Napoleon sent to Elba
-Between Corsica and Italy -Confined to the island -Louis 18th ruling France -In exile for a year -Surprised everyone by landing in the South of France |
|
Napoleon's Return
|
-Compared to Jesus coming back into Jerusalem on Palm Sunday
-Peace Conference ends -War starts up again -Duke of Wellington to defeat Napoleon -Meet in Waterloo |
|
Waterloo
|
-force of Germans arrived under General Blucher
-Napoleon was defeated -Abdicate throne and he is sent into exile at St. Helena -Died in 1821 |
|
Napoleon's Body Transfer
|
-British ships meet French ship and exchange body
-Burial right was read and buried -English remove casket and take to Westminister Abbey into the basement |
|
Europe at War
|
-England and Austria (Marie Antionette)
-The Congress of Vienna met to turn back the hands of the clock back to what it was before th French Revolution -Had 4 major aims: legitimacy,compensate nations that had lost territories, make sure France can't do this again, and balance power |
|
Congress of Vienna
|
-Kept the peace for quite a while
-A number of colonies in the western hemisphere took advantage of Spain's weakness and declared independence -Army from Europe sent to U.S. to get land back -The Monroe Doctrine states that no longer grounds for colonization, ownership of colonies may not change hands -Four Men at the conference: Lord Castlereagh (british), Bishop Talleyrand (french), Csar Aleksandr (russia), Prince Metternich (austria) |
|
Poland
|
-Dispute over Poland
-Poland is divided -Burban dynasty renewed in France (under Louis 18) -HRE is gone and in its place is various German Speaking states (Prussia and Austria) -Prussia (protestant) German Confederation, Austria (Roman Catholic) -Malta is taken by Britain and also Ceylon (Sri Lanka) known for tea and South Africa was taken by the dutch (boers) -Denmark lost Norway to Sweden |
|
France
|
-Louis 18 was a liberal
-Had a limited monarchy -Ultra royalists were upset by the limited monarchy -Count of Artois led the immigrants back -Succeeded by his brother King Charles 10th (Count of Artois) |
|
King Charles 10th
|
-Invites Jesuits back into France
-Gives annuity (every year check) -lower interests on bonds -helped by 2 writers (Thieres, Francis Guizot) |
|
Prince Polignac
|
-Appointed as Prime Minister by Charles 10
-was told by the Virgin Mary what to do -Sends an army and captures Algiars -Lays Foundation in South Africa -Issued July ordinances: censored the press, dissolved parliament, ordered new elections |
|
Revolt in France
|
-Workers and students staged a riot and captured city hall in Paris
-Wanted to make France a democratic republic -Charles Abdicated and fleed to England till death |
|
Citizen King
|
-Duke of Orleans (Louis Philippe)
-Known as the July Monarchy -Flag called tricolor -accepted a charter from the people -Actions are liked by the majority |
|
Army to Rome
|
-Napoleon III tried to restore the Pope's Papal state in Rome.
-Established a Code Napoleon -Approved Loi Falloux in France thus making a role for the church in the education -argued to run for re-election - |
|
Recreate French Empire in Western world
|
-Wanted to get Mexico back
-Maimillian sent to be emperor of Mexico -Violates Monroe Doctorine, but nothing was done about it because of the civil war -Britain in favor of the south -When the war was over the US told Napoleon to get out and Maximillian was shot |
|
French Parliament
|
-July 1869, allowed to pass laws
-A parisian mob forced parliament to decree the fall of the empire to decree the fall of the empire -Formation of the third republic -war between france and prussia (franco-prussian war) -Battle of Sedan: Napoleon III captured -Escapes to England -Last time France had a Monarch |
|
Dreyfus Case
|
-Captain of the French Army
-Jewish -Mayor of Vienna was very anti-semetic -Accused of Espionage (secrets sold to Germany) -Convicted of Treason, 1894 -Maintained his innocence -shipped off to Devil's Island |
|
Colonel Picquart
|
-Looked into Dreyfus' epsionage
-Found he was not the one who sold them -Found that Major Esterhazy was the one |
|
Ameel Zola
|
-Published an article called 'I Accuse"
-Accuses Military leaders of using Dreyfus to save face -Brought Dreyfus back and had a second court marshall -found him guilty again -French president, Faure found Dreyfus innocent -Gave Dreyfus a pardon -Restored to the army with Rank of Major -Complete Separation of Church and State |
|
Great Britain
|
-English are superior to French
-England needed reform -needs to Modernize their loaws in order to step into industrial world - |
|
Great Britain II
|
-Brought about the rotten boroughs
-Old Sarum: Solesbury owned by William Pitt -Came a need for reform -French Revolution happened and scared England -Great Reform Bill |
|
Great Reform Bill
|
-Passed house of commons but failed in house of lords
-Peers meant only someone who sat in the house of lords (monarch can appoint new peers) -Counted absentees, passed bill 1832, Great Reform Bill becomes law |
|
England
|
-British lay foundation for English language
-Cecil Rhodes became a multimillionare -Left scholarships at oxford (white english males) -Northern British colony (canada) |
|
British North America Act (BNA)
|
-Becomes Canadian Constitution
-An Act of parliament -July 1st is Canada Day -We acquired Alaska -Language Divide (French & English) |
|
2 Party System
|
-Gladstone (liberal) and Disraeli (torry)
-Disraeli was jewish so his father had him baptized and raised in the church of england -Queen really liked him -Khedive in Egypt owned shares in the Suez Canal -Sold controlling shares in the Suez Canal -Rothschild gave money to England and England had the Suez Canal -Germans were not allowed to use the canal |
|
Queen Victoria
|
-Was queen for 60 years
-Died in January -Longest reigning queen -Second longest reigning Monarch since George III -Apposed to Slavery -Prince Albert from Germany was her husband -Prince introduced the christmas tree -No name on stamps -Period known as the Pox Britannica (most peaceful time in western world) |
|
Austro-Hungary Dual Monarchy
|
-Powder Keg of Europe
-Hungarians join with Austria but Austria is the more important -Emperor of Austria = King of Hungary -Slav House with a german face |
|
Germans Rule House
|
-Habsburg or Hapsburg House
-Capital of Austro-Hungarian Empire is Vienna -Germans are the ruling class -2nd Most important were the magyars (hungarians) -Hungarian and Finnish are not an endo-european language -2nd group = peasants -Commence carried on by the Jews -Commerce carried on by the jews -3rd group are the slavs (czech are the most important) lived in Bohemia -Bohemia was the industrial part of the empire |
|
Tension between German and Czechs
|
-Slovaks lived in Slovakia
-Ruled over by the Hungarians |
|
Polish
|
-Poles at the lowest rank because there weren't many of them (lived in Galacia)
-Reuthinians (little Russians) -Poles control reuthinians -Poles allowed to use polish language -Poles are worst to the Jews -Yugo (southern Slavs) -Croats lived in Croatia -Serbs lived in Serbia -Slovens lived primarily in Fiume and and Trieste |
|
Religion and Dual Monarchy
|
-religion held the dual monarchy together
-good democracy -Economics (because of free trade) -want the people to learn german as their mother tongue -Ottoman empire = sickman of Europe |
|
Unification of Italy
|
-Difference in Northern Italians and Southern Italians
-Standard of living is higher in North -Roman catholics in NOrth are a little more liberal in their religions |
|
Count Cavour
|
-An Aristocrat
-Prime Minister of Piedmont -Piedmont-Sardinia (united) -lived in England and liked English government (constitutional monarchy) -Venice or Venetia are ruled over by Austria |
|
Tries to get Rome back
|
-Count Cavour makes a deal with Napoleon III to help him out with Austria, then he would give Napoleon Nice
-April 1859, able to provoke Austria into invading Norther Italy -Piedmont became unifying city of italians -Napoleon made peace treaty with austria |
|
Garibaldi
|
-leader of the southerners
-Republican (wanted a republic and not a monarchy) -Poor peasants were followers -Wore red shirts -Meet in Naples with cavour -The two parties joined forces and united under King Victor Emmanual -Italy has a monarchy till after WWII -Kingdom of Italy doesn't include Papal states or Rome -Florence is the capital |
|
Scotland
|
Edinburgh
|
|
England
|
London
|
|
Wales
|
Cardiff
|
|
N.Ireland
|
Belfast
|
|
Rep. of Ireland
|
Dublin
|
|
Norway
|
Oslo
|
|
Sweden
|
Stockholm
|
|
Finland
|
Helsinki
|
|
Russia
|
Moscow
|
|
Estonia
|
Talinn
|
|
Latvia
|
Riga
|
|
Lithuania
|
Vilna
|
|
Belarus
|
Minsk
|
|
Ukraine
|
Kiev
|
|
Moldova
|
Chisinau
|
|
Poland
|
Warsaw
|
|
Germany
|
Berlin
|
|
Denmark
|
Copenhagen
|
|
Belgium
|
Brussels
|
|
The Netherlands
|
The Hague
|
|
Luxembourg
|
Luxembourg
|
|
France
|
Paris
|
|
Andorra
|
Andorra
|
|
Spain
|
Madrid
|
|
Portugal
|
Lisbon
|
|
Switzerland
|
Bern
|
|
Italy
|
Rome
|
|
Austria
|
Vienna
|
|
Czech Republic
|
Prague
|
|
Slovakia
|
Bratislavia
|
|
Hungary
|
Budapest
|
|
Slovenia
|
Ljubljana
|
|
Croatia
|
Zagreb
|
|
Bosnia & Herzegovnia
|
Sarajevo
|
|
Serbia & Montenegro
|
Belgrade
|
|
Romania
|
Bucharest
|
|
Bulgaria
|
Sofia
|
|
Albania
|
Tirane
|
|
Greece
|
Athens
|
|
Turkey
|
Ankara
|