Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Industrial Revolution
|
movement towards urbanization, machinery replaces human and animal power
|
|
|
Periodization
|
Shift from country side to city, evolution
|
|
|
Demography
|
study of population, fall in mortality and improved sanitation
|
|
|
enclosure movement
|
parliament passes act which allows big landowners to enclose commons to make plots bigger, large landowners control parliament, helps rich get richer
|
|
|
Prolitariat
|
propertyless industrial workers
|
|
|
Dissenter
|
break from catholic church, became british entrepreneur
|
|
|
indulgences
|
the church sells forgiveness, Luther breaks off because he doesn't like this
|
|
|
Jesuits
|
catholic teachers, teach the orders and recruit protestants
|
|
|
Luddites
|
non factory workers such as weavers who were angry machinery was taking their jobs. and broke into factories and broke machinery
|
|
|
social mobility
|
the ability to move up and down classes
|
|
|
Public safety & diet
|
improves for most people
|
|
|
real wages
|
they are good, no inflation
|
|
|
hours act
|
limits the amount of hours children can work
|
|
|
scissors crisis
|
halts the industrial revolution, population increases as food decreases eventually causing population to decrease
|
|
|
february revolution
|
institutes a new republic in france
|
|
|
corn laws
|
set high tariffs on grain imported to England
|
|
|
junkers
|
prussian nobility who were anti capitalist and supported protection of property
|
|
|
alantad
|
prussian parliament., 3 class system of voting
|
|
|
bismark
|
collects taxes w/o parliament approval, suppresses freedom of press
|
|
|
hapsburgs
|
austrian royal family
|
|
|
hanenuzerland
|
prussian royal family
|
|
|
Napoleon
|
french general who became first console and emporer of france, eventually exiled to st Helena
|
|
|
first consul
|
most important of the 3 consuls, established by the french constitution
|
|
|
civil code
|
french legal code formulated by napoleon, ensured equal treatment of all men under the law and guaranteed religious liberty, limited rights of women
|
|
|
battle of waterloo
|
final battle lost by napoleon, led to his exile, turning point
|
|
|
congress of vienna
|
face to face negotiations between great powers to settle the powers of the european states & determine who would rule each nation
|
|
|
Metternich
|
austrian prince who took the part in devising the post napoleon settlement arranged by the congress of vienna
|
|
|
restoration
|
the epoch after the fall of napoleon in which congress aimed to restore as many regimes as possible to former rulers
|
|
|
conservatism
|
a political doctrine that rejected most of the enlightenment and french revolution, preferred monarchies and tradition and established religion
|
|
|
bethoven
|
german composer, helped set the direction of musical romanticism
|
|
|
sir walter scott
|
an author of popular historical novels, collected & published traditional scottish ballads and wrote poetry
|
|
|
simon bolivar
|
a leader of latin american independence movement, bolivia is named after him
|
|
|
reform bill of 1832
|
increased number of male voters by 50%, gave representation to new cities in the north, set precedent for widening suffrage
|
|
|
ideology
|
a coherent set of beliefs about the was social and political order should be organized
|
|
|
george sand
|
pen name of french novelist who showed her independence by dressing like a man and smoking cigars
|
|
|
imperialism
|
european dominance of the non west through economic exploitation and political rule
|
|
|
opium war
|
b/w china and GB, results in opening of 4 chinese ports
|
|
|
Giuseppe Mazzini
|
an italian nationalist who founded young italy, believed popular uprising would create a unified italy
|
