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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three functional classifications of articulations?
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1) Synatrhoses - immovable
2) Amphiarthroses - slightly movable 3) Diarthroses - freely movable |
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What are the three structural classifications of articulations?
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1) Fibrous joints - joined by dense, regular connective tissue fibers (most are synarthrotic)
2) Cartilaginous joints - connected by cartilage (amphiarthrotic or synarthrotic) 3) Synovial joints - bone ends separated by joint cavity containing synovial fluid (diarthrotic) |
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What are the three types of fibrous joints?
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1) Gomphoses - only find between teeth and socket of bone
2) Sutures - where skull bones come together 3) Syndesmoses |
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What are the two types of cartilaginous joints?
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1) Synchondroses
2) Symphyses |
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What fluid do synovial joints have?
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Synovial fluid
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What are bursae?
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Sacs filled with synovial fluid
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What are the six types of synovial joints?
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1) Planar (gliding) joint
2) Hinge joint 3) Pivot joint - rotates around 4) condyloid joint - fits into a cap 5) Saddle joint 6) Ball-and-socket joint |
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What types of movements are allowed by synovial joints?
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1) Gliding
2) Angular momements 3) Rotation 4) Others (special) |
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What are the different types of angular movements allowed by synovial joints?
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1) Abduction - limb away from body
2) Adduction - limb towards body 3) Flexion - bring two bones closer together 4) Extension - bring two bones further apart 5) Hyperextension 6) Lateral flexion 7) Circumduction - draw a circle around a pivot point (cone) |
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What are the other (special) types of movements allowed by synovial joints?
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1) Depression/elevation - lower/raise
2) Dorsiflexion/plantar flexion (ankle joint only) - point toe up/point toe down 3) Eversion/inversion - Curling foot inward/curling foot outward 4) Supination/pronation 5) Protraction/retraction 6) Opposition |
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What movement of the body is classified as abduction, and how is it different from adduction?
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Abduction moves the limb away from the body. With "add"uction, you are adding a limb to the body, or moving it towards the torso
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What movement of the body is classified flexion, and how does it differ from extension and hyperextension?
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With flexion you are brining two bones closer together. With extension, you are moving the bones further apart. Hyperextension is when you are moving the bones further apart past the starting point of flexion.
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What movement of a synovial joint is classified as circumduction and how does it differ from rotation?
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Circumduction is "drawing" a circle (cone) around a pivot point. Rotation is rotating around a central axis, such as twisting your arm.
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What is the difference between the synovial joint movements of dorsiflexion and plantar flexion?
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Both movements are only possible with the ankle joint. Dorsiflexion is pointing the toe upwards, while plantar flexion is pointing the toe downwards.
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What is the difference between the synovial joint movements eversion and inversion?
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Eversion is curling the foot inward. Inversion is curling the foot outward.
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What is a sprain?
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A stretched or torn ligament
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What is a dislocation?
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A bone forced out of alignment
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What is bursitis?
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Inflammation of bursa
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What is tendonitis?
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Inflammation of tendon sheaths
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What is arthritis?
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Inflammation of joints
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What are three types of arthritis?
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1) Osteoarthritis - wear and tear arthritis
2) Rheumatoid arthritis - autoimmune disease, immune system is attacking joints 3) Gouty arthritis - uric acid crystallizes in joints |
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What are the symptoms of lyme disease? Is it a type of arthritis?
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One of the symptoms is joint pain, however lyme disease is NOT a type of arthritis
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