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105 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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angle
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a geometric figure formed by two distinct rays that have a common endpoint
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area
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space within a set of boundaries on a flat surface (measured in square units)
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coordinate
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the label of a point on a number line or on a coordinate grid
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coordinate grid
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a network of evenly spaced horizontal and vertical lines used to locate points in a Cartesian coordinate system
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decimal
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a number that uses place value, contains a decimal point, and represents a part of a whole
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diameter
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the distance across a circle through the circle's center (the diameter is twice the radius)
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equation
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a statement of balance or equality
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equivalent
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to be equal in value or quantity
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equilateral triangle
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a triangle in which all three sides are equal in length
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extraneous
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not essential or pertinent
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flip transformation
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a geometric transformation in which the figure is turned over, producing a reflection image
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fraction
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a number used to represent a part of a whole or a part of a group; a fraction represents the division of one whole number by another and canbe used to show a ratio between numbers
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geometric transformation
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the changing of a shape in a variety of ways that may or may not change the size
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hypotenuse
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the side of a right triangle opposite the right angle
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inductive reasoning
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drawing a general conclusion from a particular fact or group of facts
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integers
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the whole numbers, their opposites, and zero
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isosceles triangle
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a triangle with two sides equal in length
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line
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a one-dimensional figure that extends infinitely in two directions
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linear equation
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an equation containing algebraic expressions with at least one variable and with no exponents greater than one, such as 6x+ 4 = 16
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mathematical expression
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a phrase using numbers, variables, and operations symbols, such as 8, 15x, or 4n– 2
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mathematical operation
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addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division
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mean
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in statistics, the average of a group of numbers; the mean is found by adding all the numbers in the group and then dividing that sum by the number of numbers in the group
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median
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in statistics, the middle value of a set of numbers; half the numbers fall below the median and half fall above when the numbers are listed in order from least to greatest or from greatest to least—when there is an odd number of numbers in a set, the median is the number in the middle; when there is an even number, the medianis the average of the two middle numbers
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mode
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in statistics, the most frequently appearing value in a set of data
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parallelogram
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a plane figure with four sides, having the opposite sides parallel and equal
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percent
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"per hundred," a number representing a part out of 100 (34% means 34 out of 100)
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perimeter
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the measure of a figure's outer boundary
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plane
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a flat surface that extends infinitely in all directions
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point
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in geometry, an element that has a definite position, but no size or shape
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polygon
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a plane figure bounded by straight lines
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prism
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a solid figure with parallel polygonal ends, equal in size and shape, whose sides are parallelograms
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proportion
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a pair of equal or equivalent ratios
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quadrilateral
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a plane figure with four sides
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radius
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the distance from the center of a circle to a point on the edge of the circle (the radius is one-half the diameter)
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range
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the difference between the greatest and the smallest numbers in a set of numbers
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ratio
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a pair of numbers that describes a rate or comparison
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rectangle
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a four-sided plane figure with four right angles
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right triangle
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a triangle that has one angle of 90 degrees (right angle)
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rhombus
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an equilateral parallelogram, often referring to one without right angles
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slide transformation
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a geometric transformation in which the figure is moved to a different location while maintaining the same orientation, size, and shape
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square
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a plane figure with four equal sides and four right angles
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symmetry
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similarity of form on either side of a dividing line
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trapezoid
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a plane figure with four sides, two of which are parallel to one another
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triangle
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a plane figure with three sides and three angles
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turn transformation
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a geometric transformation in which the figure is rotated without changing its size or shape
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vertex
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the point at which two sides of an angle intersect
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volume
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measure of capacity (measured in cubic units)
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adjective
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a word that modifies, or describes, a noun or a pronoun
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adverb
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a word that modifies, or describes, a verb, adjective, or adverb
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antecedant
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the word or phrase to which a pronoun refers
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antonym
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a word that is the opposite in meaning to a particular word
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audience
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the intended readers of a written work
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bias
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a personal tendency to judge a person, people, or ideas favorably or negatively
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clarity
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freedom from confusion and extraneous information
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coherence
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logical connection and adherence of ideas
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colloquial language
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conversational, or informal, language
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concise
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free from elaboration and unnecessary detail
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context clues
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the words or ideas that surround an unfamiliar word and provide clues to its meaning; clues may be in the form of examples, definitions, restatements, or explanations
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conventions
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established practices, methods, and rules
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credibility
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believability, trustworthiness
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deductive reasoning
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drawing a specific conclusion from a general premise
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demonstrative pronoun
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a pronoun used to indicate a particular person or thing
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explicit
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clearly or directly stated
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extraneous
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not essential or pertinent
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fallacy
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a false or mistaken idea
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figurative language
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language that has a meaning that is not literal or exact
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fluent
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smooth and flowing
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focus
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the point of concentration or emphasis
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graphic representation
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a table, chart, graph, or other non-text-based form of representing information
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implications
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ideas expressed indirectly
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implicit
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suggested without being directly stated
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infer
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to derive a conclusion by reasoning from evidence
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intent
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a clearly formulated aim
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main idea
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the central idea on which a paragraph or selection is based
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modifier
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a word that describes another word in the sentence (i.e., adjective, adverb)
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noun
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a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea
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objective
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dealing with facts without distortion by personal feelings or interpretations
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occasion
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the circumstance for which an action is taken
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organized
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structured as a coherent, unified whole
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paragraphing
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dividing writing into paragraphs
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phrase
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two or more words forming a distinct part of a sentence
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point of view
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a technical term in writing that refers to the person (i.e., first, second, third) in which a piece of writing is presented; or the opinion, viewpoint, or stand taken by a writer
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precise
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defined exactly
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preposition
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a word that shows the relationship between a noun or pronoun and another word in the sentence (e.g., in, over, with, before, of)
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pronoun
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a word that takes the place of a noun (e.g., I, her, theirs, everyone)
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pronoun-antecedent agreement
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a correct match between the number (e.g., singular, plural) and gender of a pronoun and the antecedent to which it refers
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purpose
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a reason or goal
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qualifying language
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language, including adjectives and adverbs, used to explain or describe other words in the sentence (e.g., "They, the boys and girls, were excited about their vacation."; "The speaker was quite adamant about her point.")
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redundancy
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needless repetition or excessive use of words in an explanation or description
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relative pronoun
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a pronoun that introduces a clause
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relevant
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applicable to the matter at hand
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run-on sentence
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two or more sentences written and punctuated as one sentence
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sentence fragment
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an incomplete sentence punctuated as a complete sentence
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structural analysis
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the identification of prefixes, suffixes, and bases to help with word identification
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subject-verb agreement
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a correct match between the number (e.g., singular, plural) of the subject and verb in a sentence
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supporting information
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details, anecdotes, and other information provided to support a main idea
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synonym
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a word with the same meaning as or similar meaning to a particular word
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syntax
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the way in which words are arranged to form meaningful phrases, clauses, and sentences
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theme
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a subject or topic of discussion
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thesis
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a point set forth and defended in writing
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transitions
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words or phrases that serve to link ideas in a clear order
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valid
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both relevant and meaningful
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verb
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a word that expresses action or a state of being or becoming
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verb tense
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the form a verb takes to show time (e.g., past, present, future)
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voice
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individual distinction of form or expression
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