West Africa

Front 1

Arch 22

Back 1

Copy of the St. Louis Arch built in the Gambia by Jammeh and it signified the military coming to power.

Front 2

Chibok Kidnapping

Back 2

The kidnapping of about 300 Nigerian school girls by Boko Haram and proved that the Nigerian government was powerless against them.

Front 3

IMF Conditionality

Back 3

Set of conditions given by the IMF including:

1. Tight wage controls

2. Cut public sector spending

3. Devaluation of currency

4. Abolish price controls

5. Remove subsidies on food and essentialcommodities

6. Increase exports

7. Incentives for foreign investment

8. Restrict credit

9. Divestiture of state-owed corporations

Front 4

"Junior Jesus"

Back 4

Rawlings of Ghana who had a "second coming" to power in which he stepped down from the military and ran as a civilian.

Front 5

"To Do a Rawlings"

Back 5

Referring to Jammeh in the Gambia and how he mirrored Rawlings of Ghana, in which he stepped down from the military and ran as a civilian. It was a shift that occurred post-Cold War and foreign aid was met with good governance or liberal democracies.

Front 6

Sobel

Back 6

A soldier by day and rebel by night in Sierra Leone. Their incentive was the money from blood diamonds because they didn't receive enough money from serving Strasser.

Front 7

Executive Outcomes/Sandine International

Back 7

Mercenary groups that helped protect Sierra Leone in the Civil War. It is believed that these groups help create instability while others feel they are necessary because of lack of foreign intervention.

Front 8

2014 West African Ebola Outbreak

Back 8

Viewed as a security threat to the West rather than an actual problem that affected thousands of people in West Africa.

Front 9

Pajero Culture

Back 9

Car that Sierra Leone government official drove. They were very expensive and seen as a status symbol. It proved the massive gap caused by corruption.

Front 10

Long Sleeve/Short Sleeve

Back 10

During the Sierra Leone Civil War, RUH would either cut above the elbow or below the wrist. This signified the inability to vote.

Front 11

ECOMOG

Back 11

The peacekeeping arm of ECOMAS in the West African states and helped Sierra Leone in the Civil War.

Front 12

Ken Sarawiwa and the Ougoni 8

Back 12

Sarawiwa was an environmentalist and was arrested and falsely charged with trying to overthrow the government in Nigeria. He was convicted and executed. The international community severed ties with Nigeria because they had supported Sarawiwa.

Front 13

Colonel Ojuku

Back 13

The separatist leader in the Nigerian Civil War.

Front 14

Mountain Fat Foot Scheme

Back 14

During the Sierra Leone Civil War, the government created a program where they would give people a cut from stolen diamonds if they returned it. However, the government kept the cut for themselves.

Front 15

Kimberley Process

Back 15

The process that ensures that diamonds are coming from a definitive source and isn't stolen.

Front 16

Charles Taylor

Back 16

The leader in Liberia who overthrow Samuel Doh and provided funding to the RUF.