Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
94 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Indian Ocean trade
|
Sailed across on triangle shaped sailed dhou ships. Served as a trade network between Asia, Indonesia, Africa, and Europe. Completely sailed by sea.
|
A
|
|
|
Indian Ocean trade
|
Sailed across on triangle shaped sailed dhou ships. Served as a trade network between Asia, Indonesia, Africa, and Europe. Completely sailed by sea. |
A |
|
|
Indian Civilization |
Had fertile farmland and one of the first places to have sewer systems. Grew rapidly due to the ease of growing crops due to the fertile soil. |
A |
|
|
How did Jews maintain a strong cultural identity during diaspora |
They stayed true to their religion and regardless of the movement across lands they never gave in to other religious force. |
A |
|
|
Hoplites |
Hoplites were citizen-soldiers of Ancient Greek city-states who were primarily armed with spears and shields. Their main tactic was the phalanx formation. |
A |
|
|
Herodotus |
A Greek historian from 450bc. Known as the father of history because of his wealth of knowledge of history. |
A |
|
|
Hebrew Bible |
Christian Old Testament. Historical source. Collection of Jewish texts |
A |
|
|
Han Innovations |
Silk weaving. Cast iron tools. Wrapping paper. |
A |
|
|
Greek religious sacrifice |
Somebody believed they owed a God and would sacrifice parts of an animal to the God and burn in in a fire while eating the rest of the animal. |
A |
|
|
Greek philosophers view of the world |
Initially concerned with explaining the entire cosmos, the Presocratic philosophers strived to identify its single underlying principle. Their theories were diverse and none achieved a consensus, yet their legacy was the initiation of the quest to identify underlying principles. |
A |
|
|
Greek oracles |
A god who tells the future through a person or corpse. Oracle of Delphi for example |
A |
|
|
Greek Gods and goddesses |
Often sacrificed to in form of animals, were gods of a certain activity or skill or quality. Most of greek was based upon these deities. |
A |
|
|
Greek geography |
Very mountanous and islands. very rugged terrain causing the spread up of many civilizations ancient greece. |
A |
|
|
Greek Archaic Period |
(800 BCE – 480 BCE) |
A |
|
|
Evidence of early religious, ceremonial practices |
cave paintings of mythical creatures such as half man half animal creature portrayed as gods, animal sacrifice in greece. etc |
A |
|
|
Contributions made by Gupta intellectuals |
The concept of zero. |
A |
|
|
Construction projects of shi huang di |
a terracotta army, great wall of china, ling canal. |
A |
|
|
Confucian fundamental element of society |
family |
A |
|
|
Civilization |
mainly based around water and river valleys, many river valleys in egypt, india, mesopotamia, etc. early forms of agriculture started in civilization early stages of it atleast. |
A |
|
|
Carthage(conflict) |
carthage was part of many wars because of its extensive trade networks leading back to this small island town |
A |
|
|
Carthage |
Ancient Carthage was the Phoenician city-state of Carthage. During the 7th to 3rd centuries BC, its sphere of influence, the socalled Carthaginian Empire, extended over much of the coast of North Africa as well as substantial parts of coastal Iberia and the islands of the western Mediterranean. |
A |
|
|
Buddhist monumental architecture |
stupas built for worship and monuments |
A |
|
|
Bronze |
an alloy made from tin and copper, entire age based off this metal, used for many tools and agricultural innovations. proved to be too soft as a metal though and was discontinued as a working metal. |
A |
|
|
Brahmanas |
a collection of ancient Indian texts with commentaries on the four Vedas. They are primarily a digest incorporating myths, legends, the explanation of Vedic rituals and in some cases philosophy. |
A |
|
|
Bible as a historical source |
controversial topic on whether bible is historically acurate and can be relied on for history's sake and how stories can be easily rewritten and stretched out of truth's way. |
A |
|
|
Eight fold path |
The Noble Eightfold Path is the fourth of the Buddha's Four Noble Truths; the first element of the Noble Eightfold Path is, in turn, an understanding of the Four Noble Truths. It is also known as the Middle Path or Middle Way. Its goal is Arhatship. |
A |
|
|
Bhagavad-Gita |
700-verse Hindu scripture in Sanskrit that is part of the Hindu epic Mahabharata |
A |
|
|
Became unmatched power in Mediterranean by 200 bc |
carthage |
|
|
|
Battle at plataea |
The Battle of Plataea was the final land battleduring the second Persian invasion of Greece. It took place in 479 BC near the city of Plataeain Boeotia, and was fought between an alliance of the Greek city-states, |
|
|
|
Ashoka of india |
made pillars spreading buddhism, diffused buddhism alot and was ruler of india. |
A |
|
|
Architecture of teotihuacan |
mexican architecture from around 100bc. pyramids and very complex decoration and carvings in building |
A |
|
|
Accomplishments of shi huang-di |
builta terracotta army, great wall of china, ling canal. |
A |
|
|
Egyptian agriculture |
pyramids, very simple structures made of adobe. |
A |
|
|
Early migration of people |
early people are thought to have started in africa and move across the land bridge to asia and europe then travel over the frozen land to the americas. |
A |
|
|
Earliest deciphered Indian writing |
edicts of ashoka |
A |
|
|
Diocletian |
A roman emperor who was ruler of one quarter of rome when split up. |
A |
|
|
Daoism vs Confucianism |
Confucianism and Taoism are both ancient Chinese styles of living.Confucianism believes in setting good examples for others to follow, primarily in 5 key relationships: ruler and subject, wife and husband, older and younger sibling, friend and friend, and father and son. Taoism (a.k.a., Daoism) focuses on living harmoniously; this is where the concept of yin and yang originates. |
A |
|
|
Daoism |
Daoism (sometimes called Taoism) is a philosophical, ethical or religious tradition of Chinese origin that emphasizes living in harmony with the Tao (also romanized as Dao). The term Tao means "way", "path", or "principle", and can also be found in Chinese philosophies. |
A |
|
|
Cuneiform |
An early form of language on writing, used symbols to represent words and letters. |
A |
|
|
Cosmopolitan middle east |
Mixture of lots of different people and culture. |
A |
|
|
Chronology of Greek City-States
|
2000 B.C.E. - Minoan Formed1700 B.C.E. - Destruction of Minoan Palaces1550 B.C.E. - Grave Circle A at Mycenae 1400 B.C.E. - Mycenae palaces1370 B.C.E. - Palaces destroyed750 B.C.E. - Palaces in Italy730 B.C.E. - Sparta formed 594 B.C.E. - Athens formed146 B.C.E. - Romans invaded Greek city states
|
|
|
|
Iranian Irrigation
|
Since Iranian soil was a desert plain, farmers would drill holes into the ground to access irrigation.
|
|
|
|
Jewish Diaspora
|
To escape persecution, the Jews fled to surrounding areas
|
|
|
|
Jewish Diaspora
|
When the Jews were being persecuted, they fled to surrounding areas. This is known as the Jewish diaspora.
|
|
|
|
Late Bronze Age transportation revolutionized by
|
Horses
|
|
|
|
Libraries in Mesopotamia
|
Royal Library of Ashurbanipal Nippur
|
|
|
|
Llamas
|
Llamas were the only beasts of burden in the Americas. They were bred in Peru and were valuable to merchants.
|
|
|
|
Mahayana Buddhism
|
The most popular denomination of Buddhism, its origins are unknown.
|
|
|
|
Mandate of Heaven
|
A term used by emperors that God sent them to take the throne.
|
|
|
|
Maritime innovations of the Indian Ocean
|
Innovations include the use of dhow ships and lanteen sails explore which allowed explorers and merchants to navigate water with ease.
|
|
|
|
Minoan
|
Existed in Second Millennium B.C.E, was an early prosperous Greek civilization located on the Aegean island of Crete.
|
|
|
|
Moksha
|
The ultimate goal of the Hindu religion, Moksha is achieved when you are one with the universe.
|
|
|
|
Monsoons
|
Seasonal hurricanes that form in the Indian Ocean. A skilled sailor can use the storms to navigate the ocean.
|
|
|
|
Monumental architecture in Mesopotamia
|
Ziggurats, palaces, and government buildings
|
|
|
|
Neolithic Revolution
|
Meaning "New Stone" the Neolithic Revolution was a time period where people stopped being hunter-gather and settled down and farmed.
|
|
|
|
Nomads Period 1-3
|
Traded and invaded large civilizations. Were small tribes
|
|
|
|
Oligarchy
|
A form of Government where elites of society ran the city/civilization.
|
|
|
|
Olmec
|
The Olmecs were first Meso-American civilization. It lasted from 1200 to 400 B.C.E. and it is located South-East of Mexico City. Theu made Textiles, innovations in astronomy which led to a calendar , and had a ritual ball game.
|
|
|
|
Olmec during the preclassical period in mesoamerica
|
Cities formed, which led to pottery, art, architecture, farms.
|
|
|
|
Pastoralists
|
Pastoralists are people who use animals as transportation and food.
|
|
|
|
Patterns to Roman Expansion
|
Romans once conquered lands, would make the residents slaves or citizens, and connect roads and build palaces and aqueducts to the territory
|
|
|
|
Persia under Darius
|
Persia (Achaemenian) under Darius' 35 years (549-486 B.C.E.) expanded to the largest civilization at the time. He is called one of the greatest leaders of Persia.
|
|
|
|
Persian Government/Law
|
Persian government was a bureaucracy with instead a single ruler, was divided into provinces and had their own governors that would communicate to surrounding provinces.
|
|
|
|
Phoenician textile
|
Expensive textiles that were purple from the dye spiny-murex snail.
|
|
|
|
Reason for the fall of Han
|
The Han (221 B.C.E. - 206 C.E.) fell because of corrupt government officials and invasions from nomadic tribes.
|
|
|
|
Reasons for Asoka's conversion to Buddhism
|
Asoka converted to Buddhism because he was disturbed by the wars he fought and sought Buddhism to get rid of his suffering.
|
|
|
|
Reasons for India's habitual political fragmentation
|
Geographic barriers, Different languages, Different economic activity, Social hierarchy
|
|
|
|
Reasons for Legalist opposition to Confucianism
|
Legalists believed that rulers should rule men since men can't handle from their selfishness, while Confucius believed society began at men's hearts.
|
|
|
|
Reasons for popularity of Buddhism and Jainism
|
The reason why they were popular was previous religions had no reward/impact. Now with these two religions, people feel rewarded when they practice.
|
|
|
|
Reasons for Roman farmers to revolt against government
|
Roman government took the men away from farms, which led tribes to take over the farming communities which deprived them of their farm.
|
|
|
|
Reasons for the fall of the Roman empire
|
Roman empire fell because the land mass was way too large for the Romans to maintain, and it's central city in Italy was unguarded and was destroyed from invaders.
|
|
|
|
Reincarnation
|
An idea that your soul will be the same but you will have taken a body of a different animal or thing. Popular idea amongst Asian religions.
|
|
|
|
Religion and Indian Ocean trade
|
Religions spread through Indian Ocean trade is Buddhism and Hinduism.
|
|
|
|
Roman Engineering
|
During their time, Romans made engineering feats like aquaducts and large collosiums.
|
|
|
|
Roman vs. Greek expansion
|
Roman: Roman expansion was due to the ambition and desire for glory of its rulers, weaker states appealing to Rome for protection, and Roman fear of others' aggression. Greek: Main expanded by Alexander the Great, the reason was to get riches and resources.
|
|
|
|
Roman's "Third-Century Crisis"
|
In the Third Century, Rome nearly collapsed from weak military and government control which led to invasion.
|
|
|
|
Romans vs. Christians
|
Christians were persecuted in Rome until the Edict of Philip. Christians were under secrecy and if caught practicing, would be stoned. After the Edict of Philip, Christianity could be practiced in Rome.
|
|
|
|
Sacred places of Hinduism
|
The Ganges river is a sacred place of Hinduism with most of the temples located next to it.
|
|
|
|
Salt
|
A rock my mined and used to preserve and flavor food. Used also as a currency since the methods of obtaining salt at the time were expensive.
|
|
|
|
Shang
|
The Shang dynasty (1600 B.C.E. - 1046 B.C.E.) was the first dynasty of China to have an early written language on oracle bones.
|
|
|
|
Significance of coins
|
Coins allowed civilizations to have weights and measures which that allowed different pricing.
|
|
|
|
Silk
|
A fabric made from silk worms in East Asia. The fabric was so valuable that they named major trading routes after it.
|
|
|
|
Silk Road
|
Major trading networks. Traded an assortment of items like textiles, jewels, metals, animals, and cultural things like religion and also disease.
|
|
|
|
Sparta vs. Athens
|
Two Greek city-states that we're rivals with different government ideologies. Sparta was an Oligarchy while Athens was a Direct Democracy.
|
|
|
|
Strategic importance of Southeast Asia to trade.
|
Was near all of the major civilization; Gupta, Persia, China, Mongols in north, Byzantine
|
|
|
|
Sub-Saharan languages come from one giant linguistic family called
|
Bantu
|
|
|
|
The fall of the Qin Dynasty
|
The reason why the Qin dynasty feel was after Shi Huangdi's death, his sons paled in comparison as a leader. This led to invasion from nomadic peoples and led to the rise of the Han.
|
|
|
|
Trade under Gupta
|
Trade with Gupta included many different types of textiles and metals/jewels. They traded through Silk Road and Indian Ocean Sea Lanes.
|
|
|
|
Trans -Saharan Trade
|
Trade included salt, metal, and ivory and merchants imported camels from Arabia to help.
|
|
|
|
Transition to Agriculture
|
In the name, 10,000 years ago humans started to grow crops. Also known as the Neolithic Revolution
|
|
|
|
Vedic Age
|
Named after the Vedas in India, it is about the time period after the collapse of the Indus Valley civilization in 1500 B.C.E. to 500.
|
|
|
|
Writings of Confucius
|
Confucius (551 B.C.E. - 479 B.C.E.) was a Chinese philosopher who made teachings about everyday life. His followers would write and teach his teachings which now we see the writings of Confucius.
|
|
|
|
Zhou
|
The Zhou Dynasty (1000 B.C.E. - 256 B.C.E.) was the first to have a standardized language and used Confucian ideas to elect government officials.
|
|
|
|
Zoroastrianism
|
The Creator is Zoroaster and he lived in Iran between 1700 and 500 B.C.E. He said that the world was created by Ahuranazda. The religion is about the struggle of good and evil.
|
|
