Wesley's Apwh Cards

Front 1

Indian Ocean trade

Back 1

Sailed across on triangle shaped sailed dhou ships. Served as a trade network between Asia, Indonesia, Africa, and Europe. Completely sailed by sea.

Hint 1

A

Front 2

Indian Civilization

Back 2

Had fertile farmland and one of the first places to have sewer systems. Grew rapidly due to the ease of growing crops due to the fertile soil.

Hint 2

A

Front 3

How did Jews maintain a strong cultural identity during diaspora

Back 3

They stayed true to their religion and regardless of the movement across lands they never gave in to other religious force.

Hint 3

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Front 4

Hoplites

Back 4

Hoplites were citizen-soldiers of Ancient Greek city-states who were primarily armed with spears and shields. Their main tactic was the phalanx formation.

Hint 4

A

Front 5

Herodotus

Back 5

A Greek historian from 450bc. Known as the father of history because of his wealth of knowledge of history.

Hint 5

A

Front 6

Hebrew Bible

Back 6

Christian Old Testament. Historical source. Collection of Jewish texts

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A

Front 7

Han Innovations

Back 7

Silk weaving. Cast iron tools. Wrapping paper.

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A

Front 8

Greek religious sacrifice

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Somebody believed they owed a God and would sacrifice parts of an animal to the God and burn in in a fire while eating the rest of the animal.

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Front 9

Greek philosophers view of the world

Back 9

Initially concerned with explaining the entire cosmos, the Presocratic philosophers strived to identify its single underlying principle. Their theories were diverse and none achieved a consensus, yet their legacy was the initiation of the quest to identify underlying principles.

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Front 10

Greek oracles

Back 10

A god who tells the future through a person or corpse. Oracle of Delphi for example

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Front 11

Han Innovations

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A

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Front 12

Greek religious sacrifice

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A

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Front 13

Greek philosophers view of the world

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Front 14

Greek oracles

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A

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Front 15

Greek Gods and goddesses

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Front 16

Greek geography

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Front 17

Greek Archaic Period

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Front 18

Evidence of early religious, ceremonial practices

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Front 19

Contributions made by Gupta intellectuals

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Front 20

Construction projects of shi huang di

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Front 21

Confucian fundamental element of society

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Front 22

Civilization

Back 22

Aa

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Front 23

Carthage(conflict)

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Front 24

Carthage

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Front 25

Buddhist monumental architecture

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Front 26

Bronze

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Front 27

Brahmanas

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Front 28

Bible as a historical source

Back 28

A

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Front 29

Eight fold path

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Front 30

Bhagavad-Gita

Back 30

Aa

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Front 31

Became unmatched powe in Mediterranean by 200 bc

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Front 32

Battle at plataea

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Front 33

Ashoka of india

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Front 34

Architecture or teotihuacan

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Front 35

Accomplishments of shi huang-di

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Front 36

Egyptian agriculture

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Front 37

Early migration of people

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Aa

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Front 38

Earliest deciphered Indian writing

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Front 39

Diocletian

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Front 40

Daoism vs Confucianism

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Front 41

Daoism

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Front 42

Cuneiform

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Front 43

Cosmopolitan middle east

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Front 44

Chronology of Greek City-States

Back 44

2000 B.C.E. - Minoan Formed1700 B.C.E. - Destruction of Minoan Palaces1550 B.C.E. - Grave Circle A at Mycenae 1400 B.C.E. - Mycenae palaces1370 B.C.E. - Palaces destroyed750 B.C.E. - Palaces in Italy730 B.C.E. - Sparta formed 594 B.C.E. - Athens formed146 B.C.E. - Romans invaded Greek city states

Front 45

Iranian Irrigation

Back 45

Since Iranian soil was a desert plain, farmers would drill holes into the ground to access irrigation.

Front 46

Jewish Diaspora

Back 46

To escape persecution, the Jews fled to surrounding areas

Front 47

Jewish Diaspora

Back 47

When the Jews were being persecuted, they fled to surrounding areas. This is known as the Jewish diaspora.

Front 48

Late Bronze Age transportation revolutionized by

Back 48

Horses

Front 49

Libraries in Mesopotamia

Back 49

Royal Library of Ashurbanipal Nippur

Front 50

Llamas

Back 50

Llamas were the only beasts of burden in the Americas. They were bred in Peru and were valuable to merchants.

Front 51

Mahayana Buddhism

Back 51

The most popular denomination of Buddhism, its origins are unknown.

Front 52

Mandate of Heaven

Back 52

A term used by emperors that God sent them to take the throne.

Front 53

Maritime innovations of the Indian Ocean

Back 53

Innovations include the use of dhow ships and lanteen sails explore which allowed explorers and merchants to navigate water with ease.

Front 54

Minoan

Back 54

Existed in Second Millennium B.C.E, was an early prosperous Greek civilization located on the Aegean island of Crete.

Front 55

Moksha

Back 55

The ultimate goal of the Hindu religion, Moksha is achieved when you are one with the universe.

Front 56

Monsoons

Back 56

Seasonal hurricanes that form in the Indian Ocean. A skilled sailor can use the storms to navigate the ocean.

Front 57

Monumental architecture in Mesopotamia

Back 57

Ziggurats, palaces, and government buildings

Front 58

Neolithic Revolution

Back 58

Meaning "New Stone" the Neolithic Revolution was a time period where people stopped being hunter-gather and settled down and farmed.

Front 59

Nomads Period 1-3

Back 59

Traded and invaded large civilizations. Were small tribes

Front 60

Oligarchy

Back 60

A form of Government where elites of society ran the city/civilization.

Front 61

Olmec

Back 61

The Olmecs were first Meso-American civilization. It lasted from 1200 to 400 B.C.E. and it is located South-East of Mexico City. Theu made Textiles, innovations in astronomy which led to a calendar , and had a ritual ball game.

Front 62

Olmec during the preclassical period in mesoamerica

Back 62

Cities formed, which led to pottery, art, architecture, farms.

Front 63

Pastoralists

Back 63

Pastoralists are people who use animals as transportation and food.

Front 64

Patterns to Roman Expansion

Back 64

Romans once conquered lands, would make the residents slaves or citizens, and connect roads and build palaces and aqueducts to the territory

Front 65

Persia under Darius

Back 65

Persia (Achaemenian) under Darius' 35 years (549-486 B.C.E.) expanded to the largest civilization at the time. He is called one of the greatest leaders of Persia.

Front 66

Persian Government/Law

Back 66

Persian government was a bureaucracy with instead a single ruler, was divided into provinces and had their own governors that would communicate to surrounding provinces.

Front 67

Phoenician textile

Back 67

Expensive textiles that were purple from the dye spiny-murex snail.

Front 68

Reason for the fall of Han

Back 68

The Han (221 B.C.E. - 206 C.E.) fell because of corrupt government officials and invasions from nomadic tribes.

Front 69

Reasons for Asoka's conversion to Buddhism

Back 69

Asoka converted to Buddhism because he was disturbed by the wars he fought and sought Buddhism to get rid of his suffering.

Front 70

Reasons for India's habitual political fragmentation

Back 70

Geographic barriers, Different languages, Different economic activity, Social hierarchy

Front 71

Reasons for Legalist opposition to Confucianism

Back 71

Legalists believed that rulers should rule men since men can't handle from their selfishness, while Confucius believed society began at men's hearts.

Front 72

Reasons for popularity of Buddhism and Jainism

Back 72

The reason why they were popular was previous religions had no reward/impact. Now with these two religions, people feel rewarded when they practice.

Front 73

Reasons for Roman farmers to revolt against government

Back 73

Roman government took the men away from farms, which led tribes to take over the farming communities which deprived them of their farm.

Front 74

Reasons for the fall of the Roman empire

Back 74

Roman empire fell because the land mass was way too large for the Romans to maintain, and it's central city in Italy was unguarded and was destroyed from invaders.

Front 75

Reincarnation

Back 75

An idea that your soul will be the same but you will have taken a body of a different animal or thing. Popular idea amongst Asian religions.

Front 76

Religion and Indian Ocean trade

Back 76

Religions spread through Indian Ocean trade is Buddhism and Hinduism.

Front 77

Roman Engineering

Back 77

During their time, Romans made engineering feats like aquaducts and large collosiums.

Front 78

Roman vs. Greek expansion

Back 78

Roman: Roman expansion was due to the ambition and desire for glory of its rulers, weaker states appealing to Rome for protection, and Roman fear of others' aggression. Greek: Main expanded by Alexander the Great, the reason was to get riches and resources.

Front 79

Roman's "Third-Century Crisis"

Back 79

In the Third Century, Rome nearly collapsed from weak military and government control which led to invasion.

Front 80

Romans vs. Christians

Back 80

Christians were persecuted in Rome until the Edict of Philip. Christians were under secrecy and if caught practicing, would be stoned. After the Edict of Philip, Christianity could be practiced in Rome.

Front 81

Sacred places of Hinduism

Back 81

The Ganges river is a sacred place of Hinduism with most of the temples located next to it.

Front 82

Salt

Back 82

A rock my mined and used to preserve and flavor food. Used also as a currency since the methods of obtaining salt at the time were expensive.

Front 83

Shang

Back 83

The Shang dynasty (1600 B.C.E. - 1046 B.C.E.) was the first dynasty of China to have an early written language on oracle bones.

Front 84

Significance of coins

Back 84

Coins allowed civilizations to have weights and measures which that allowed different pricing.

Front 85

Silk

Back 85

A fabric made from silk worms in East Asia. The fabric was so valuable that they named major trading routes after it.

Front 86

Silk Road

Back 86

Major trading networks. Traded an assortment of items like textiles, jewels, metals, animals, and cultural things like religion and also disease.

Front 87

Sparta vs. Athens

Back 87

Two Greek city-states that we're rivals with different government ideologies. Sparta was an Oligarchy while Athens was a Direct Democracy.

Front 88

Strategic importance of Southeast Asia to trade.

Back 88

Was near all of the major civilization; Gupta, Persia, China, Mongols in north, Byzantine

Front 89

Sub-Saharan languages come from one giant linguistic family called

Back 89

Bantu

Front 90

The fall of the Qin Dynasty

Back 90

The reason why the Qin dynasty feel was after Shi Huangdi's death, his sons paled in comparison as a leader. This led to invasion from nomadic peoples and led to the rise of the Han.

Front 91

Trade under Gupta

Back 91

Trade with Gupta included many different types of textiles and metals/jewels. They traded through Silk Road and Indian Ocean Sea Lanes.

Front 92

Trans -Saharan Trade

Back 92

Trade included salt, metal, and ivory and merchants imported camels from Arabia to help.

Front 93

Transition to Agriculture

Back 93

In the name, 10,000 years ago humans started to grow crops. Also known as the Neolithic Revolution

Front 94

Vedic Age

Back 94

Named after the Vedas in India, it is about the time period after the collapse of the Indus Valley civilization in 1500 B.C.E. to 500.

Front 95

Writings of Confucius

Back 95

Confucius (551 B.C.E. - 479 B.C.E.) was a Chinese philosopher who made teachings about everyday life. His followers would write and teach his teachings which now we see the writings of Confucius.

Front 96

Zhou

Back 96

The Zhou Dynasty (1000 B.C.E. - 256 B.C.E.) was the first to have a standardized language and used Confucian ideas to elect government officials.

Front 97

Zoroastrianism

Back 97

The Creator is Zoroaster and he lived in Iran between 1700 and 500 B.C.E. He said that the world was created by Ahuranazda. The religion is about the struggle of good and evil.