Week 8.4 Bos-Ophthalmology

Front 1

to what does "adnexa oculi" refer to?

Back 1

the eyelids, lacrimal apparatus, and other accessory structures adjacent to the eye

Front 2

Which is preferable:
optic disk;
optic disc

Back 2

optic disc

Front 3

What does cup-disc ratio refer to?

Back 3

refers to the ratio of the diameter of the optic cup to the diameter of the optic disc

Front 4

DD

Back 4

disc diameter

Front 5

used to measure relative distances from findings on the ocular fundus to the optic disc itself:

Back 5

disc diameters (DD)

(ex: The lesion measured 2 DD. or The lesion measured 2 disc areas.)

Front 6

reference measuring the greatest dimension between 2 points on the boundary of an ocular lesion:

Back 6

greatest linear dimension

(ex: The greatest linear dimension was less than 3200 mcm.)

Front 7

AMA recommends changing "injection" to:

Back 7

hyperemia or
vasodilation

(conjunctival injection=conjunctival hyperemia)

(but clarify company preference)

Front 8

In what cases are the abbreviations OS, OD, or OU transcribed as dictated?

Back 8

when they are used in reference to visual testing and measured values.

Front 9

LATIN word for right eye:

Back 9

oculus dexter (OD)

Front 10

LATIN word for left eye:

Back 10

oculus sinister (OS)

Front 11

LATIN word for both eyes, or each eye:

Back 11

oculus uterque (OU)

Front 12

optic pressure is measured in:

Back 12

mmHg

Front 13

term referring to "clearness of vision":

Back 13

visual acuity

Front 14

How is distance acuity measured?

Back 14

Snellen eye chart

Front 15

What is the term for the measurements 20/20 or 20/40, etc?

Back 15

Snellen fractions

Front 16

What is meant by 20/20?

Back 16

20/20: able to read at 20 feet what a normal eye should be able to read at 20 feet

Front 17

In the Snellen fraction 20/20, what does the first 20 represent?

Back 17

the distance of the chair to the Snellen chart, which is always 20 feet.

Front 18

type of chart that measures visual acuity using a base 10 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution:

Back 18

Bailey-Lovie acuity chart

Front 19

What is the term for the unit of measure used in the Bailey-Lovie acuity chart?

Back 19

logMAR

log=logarithm
MAR=minimum angle resolution

Front 20

Near visual acuity, or reading vision, is measured using what chart?

Back 20

Jaeger system

Front 21

how are the measurements expressed in the Jaeger system?

Back 21

J values

(The patient has J7 near visual acuity.)

Front 22

This refers to the total area in which objects can be seen in the peripheral vision when the eye is fixed on a single central point:

Back 22

visual field

Front 23

How is visual field measured?
(unit of measure?)

Back 23

degrees, from 0-90 degrees

(ex: 85 degrees temporally;
55 degrees nasally)

Front 24

The power of the optical lens is measured in:

Back 24

diopters

Front 25

A measurement in negative diopters refers to what kind of vision?

Back 25

nearsightedness

Front 26

A measurement of positive diopters refers to what kind of vision?

Back 26

farsightedness

Front 27

What does "-5.00 D" mean?

Back 27

the degree of nearsightedness correction is 5.00 of correction to obtain 20/20 vision.

Front 28

Movements are described as: (pupil directed upwards)

Back 28

elevation

Front 29

Movements are described as:
(pupil directed laterally),

Back 29

abduction

Front 30

Movements are described as:
(pupil directed downwards)

Back 30

depression

Front 31

Movements are described as:
(pupils directed medially)

Back 31

adduction

Front 32

Movements are described as:
(top of eye rotating away from the nose

Back 32

extorsion

Front 33

Movements are described as:
(top of eye rotating towards the nose).

Back 33

intorsion

Front 34

Perception of depth, depending on the differences in the images projected on the retinas of the two eyes.

Back 34

stereopsis

Front 35

NAME THE STUDY:
this study measures the mass retinal response, or electrical potentials, to a stimulus of light using a corneal electrode and neutral electrodes on the skin:

Back 35

electroretinogram (ERG)

(expressed: a1, a2, )

Front 36

PERG

Back 36

patterned electroretinogram (PERG)

(expressed: apt; bpt; cpt)

Front 37

NAME THE SYSTEM:
This system is used to measure visual field, and is expressed using a combination of roman numbers I through V to designate "spot size" followed by arabic numerals 1 through 4 and letters "a" through "e" to designate luminance:

Back 37

Goldmann perimetry

(NOTE "GoldmaNN)
expressed: 1-4-3 isopter area;
V-4-3 light)

Front 38

NAME THE TYPE OF LASER:
a laser with ionized argon as the active medium whose beam is in the blue and green visible light spectrum, with two energy peaks, at 488 and 514 nm; used for photocoagulation.

Back 38

argon laser

Front 39

NAME THE TYPE OF LASER:
a laser with krypton ionized by electric current as the active medium whose beam is in the yellow-red visible light spectrum; used for photocoagulation.

Back 39

krypton laser

Front 40

NAME THE TYPE OF LASER:

a laser whose active medium is a crystal of yttrium, aluminum, and garnet doped with neodymium ions, and whose beam is in the near infrared spectrum at 1060 nm; used for photocoagulation and photoablation.

Back 40

Nd:YAG laser

neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser

Front 41

NAME THE TYPE OF LASER:
a laser whose active medium is a crystal of yttrium, aluminum, and garnet doped with holmium ions, and whose beam is in the near infrared spectrum at 2100 nm; used for photocoagulation and photoablation.

Back 41

holmium:YAG laser

Front 42

NAME THE TYPE OF LASER:
a laser whose active medium is a crystal of yttrium, aluminum, and garnet doped with erbium ions, and whose beam is in the near infrared spectrum at 2940 nm; used for photoablation and photocoagulation and for a variety of dermatologic procedures.

Back 42

erbium:YAG laser

Front 43

NAME THE TYPE OF LASER:
a laser with rare gas halides as the active medium whose beam is in the ultraviolet spectrum and penetrates tissues only a small distance; the beam breaks chemical bonds instead of generating heat to destroy tissue. Used in ophthalmologic and dermatologic procedures and in laser angioplasty.

Back 43

excimer laser

Front 44

"laser" is an initialism that stands for:

Back 44

laser= light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation

Front 45

a laser that uses one of the inert gases (argon, helium, neon, or krypton) as the active medium.

Back 45

ion laser

Front 46

NAME THE TYPE OF LASER:
a laser in which a beam generated from a neodymium:YAG crystal is directed through a potassium titanyl phosphate crystal to produce a beam in the green visible spectrum at 532 nm; its properties are similar to those of the argon laser and it is used for photoablation and photocoagulation.

Back 46

KTP laser

Front 47

NAME THE SYSTEM:
used to classify age-related cataracts, and involves grading 4 features of the cataract by comparing the features seen against a standard set of transparencies:

Back 47

lens opacities classification system II;
(LOCS II)

Front 48

The LOCS II test is performed via which instrument?

Back 48

slit-lamp examination

Front 49

Pertaining to the LOCS II system, give the meaning of the abbreviation:
NC

Back 49

nuclear color

grades: NC0 through NCII

Front 50

Pertaining to the LOCS II system, give the meaning of the abbreviation:
N

Back 50

nuclear opalescence

grades: N0 through NIV

Front 51

Pertaining to the LOCS II system, give the meaning of the abbreviation:
C

Back 51

cortical cataract

grades: C0;
Ctr (trace);
CI through CV

Front 52

Pertaining to the LOCS II system, give the meaning of the abbreviation:
P

Back 52

posterior subcapular

grades: P0 through PIV

Front 53

Area of retinal nerve fibers corresponding to the area between 12 and 20 degrees of the visual field; this area is the most vulnerable area to damage by glaucoma

Back 53

Bjerrum’s Area


from Ophth website

Front 54

Use of high intensity laser light (e.g., an excimer laser) to reshape the corneal curvature to correct for refractive errors.

Back 54

Photo Refractive Keratectomy (PRK)

Front 55

Radial fibers that suspend the lens from the ciliary body and hold it in position. (See also accommodation)

Back 55

zonules