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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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There are SIX characteristics of behaviour actions, dimensions that can be measured, observed, described & recorded, covert or overt, an impact on the physical and/or social environment, lawful |
What is Behaviour? |
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These are products of behaviour not behaviour itself |
Getting a ticket because you drove too fast? Doing well in this course? Being expelled from school due to disruptive behaviour? |
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actions |
“Timmy yelled at his brother and then threw his toys across the room” |
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Frequency E.g., how often does Timmy yell at his brother in a day?, Duration E.g., how long does Timmy hold his breath for?, Intensity E.g., how hard does Timmy hit himself (SIB), Speed/Latency E.g., how soon after event A does Timmy engage in SIB? How fast does he handflap? |
Behaviours have one or more dimensions that can be measured |
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Overt |
an action that can be observed/recorded by someone other than the individual performing the action |
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Covert |
an action that only the individual performing the action can observe/record – also known as Private Event |
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methodological behaviourism |
Watson theory that mind id black box and dont need to understand |
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Radical behaviourism
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Skinner (1938) theory “The Behavior of Organisms. Applied BA follows this approach |
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Experimental (EAB) |
Laboratory conditions Attempt to establish systematic relationships btw environment and resultant behaviour |
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Applied (ABA) |
Attempts to understand socially important’ behaviours Behaviour Modification Understanding of basic principles from EAB essential |
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Behaviour modification May be called ‘Behaviour Therapy’ within Clinical/Medical settings |
--------------Is the application of experimentally established principles of behaviour to problems of behaviour |
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Focus on behaviour Emphasis on current environmental events Precise description of procedure Measurement of behaviour change De-emphasise past events as causes of behaviour |
Characteristics of Behaviour Modification |
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Controlling variables |
Variables that trigger the behaviour |
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Labels |
--------------can not cause behaviour |
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everyday people |
Although B.Mod. procedures are developed by trained professionals they are often (normally) implemented by------------- |
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Explanatory fictions |
skinner Rejected hypothetical underlying causes of behaviour |
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Function, typography |
The ABC’s of Behaviour Modification
Focus on ------------- of behaviour NOT -------------
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Functional Assessment |
precise description of a behavior, its context, and its consequences, with the intent of better understanding the behavior and those factors influencing it |
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Functional Analysis |
begins as an assessment, but includes the added step of systematically altering the antecedents to, and consequences of, the behaviour to determine precisely which are the driving forces behind that behavior. |
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Individual data cf. average Hard to access populations Results easy to interpret Only larger effects |
Advantages: Single-Subject research designs |
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Causality No separate control Restricted DV Interaction effects |
Disadvantages Single-Subject research designs |
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ABAB Reversal/Withdrawal Design |
Research design that uses Baseline, Intervention, Baseline, Intervention etc
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Multiple Baseline Design |
Research design that is Useful in testing for a treatment effect when you believe that the effect is irreversible or unethical to reverse. Baseline data are collected on: 2 or more behaviours for same individual Same behaviour for 2 or more individuals Same behaviour across 2 or more situations for the same individual. |
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Changing Criterion |
Research design that Take initial baseline measure Apply treatment over series of trials Each successive trial you set the criterion threshold for defining a treatment response a little higher |
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Developmental delay, Psychological Illness, Education (including Special Needs) Rehabilitation, Community Psychology, Clinical Psychology, Business, Industry & Human Services, Self Management, Child Behaviour Management, Sports Performance, Health related behaviours, Gerontology (end of life) |
applicability’ of B.Mod |
