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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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alternate day fevers
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Plasmodium vivax
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Every third day fevers
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plasmodium malariae, and P. ovale
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Relapsing 3-6 day fever at 1 week intervals
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Borrelia species (Lyme disease)
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5 day fevers(trench fever)
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bartonella quintana, B. bacilliformis
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continuous "undulating fever"
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brucellosis
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Mononucleosis a chronic/cyclic disease with fever
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Epstein-Barr virus
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amebas- feeding and movement
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free living, feed by phagocytosis, move bby pseudopodia
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flagellates- feeding and movement
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free living, feed by cytosome, have whip-like projections called flagella
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ciliates - feeding and movement
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move by hair-like projections, feed by way of a cytosome groove
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sporozoa (spicomplexans) ex?
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obligate intracellular parasites ex- plasmodiums
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What is the etiological agent for malaria?
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P. vivax
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What family does P. vivax belong to?
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plasmodium spp
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What are paroxysms?
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Paroxysmal attacks are short, frequent and stereotyped symptoms that can be observed in various clinical conditions.
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How many hosts are required for malaria?
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2
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Signs and symptoms of malaria?
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"Vague influenza-like symptoms with headache, muscle pains, photophobia, anorexia, nausea and vomiting. As the disease progresses the patient begins to have a typical pattern of chills, fever, sweating & malarial rigors that appear periodically.
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Morphology of Borrelia
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coiled, gram (-), periplasmic flagella, linear chromosome and plasmids
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Borrelia energy derivation
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Microaerophilic and very fastidious
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Borellia diseases
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lyme disease and relapsing fever
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What makes Borellia difficult to diagnose?
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strick nutrient requirements and slow growth for cultivation. Relapsing fever is microscopy not serology. Lyme disease is serology or PCR but not microscopy. Symptoms are variable and non-specific
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What little critters carry borellia?
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ticks and lice (thus history is very important for diagnosis)
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See Picture
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Rickettsia, ehrlichia and coxiella general characteristics
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obligate intracellular aerobe. Gram (-) rods. INTRACELLULAR PARASITES
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Why do rickettsia, ehrlichia and coxiella stain poorly?
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low peptidoglucan and because they are intracellular
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Why is vaccine treatment difficult for intracellular bacterial pathogens?
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intracellular lifestyle is protective, immune response must include both humeral and cellular responses (live attenuated), ID of protective subunits is difficult
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In what organism is rock mountain spotted fever?
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rickettsia rickettsii
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What are the hosts of RMSF?
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small mammals, dogs, rabbits, birds
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What are the symptoms of RMSF?
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HIGH FEVER, headache. Macular rash on ankles and wrists
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Can RMSF become dormant and relapse after yesrs?
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Yes
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What percent of RMSF is fatal without treatment?
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10-25%
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Ehrlichia chaffeinsis disease
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Ehrlichiosis ranges from asymptomatic to fatal. Flu like illness. Rash occurs in 3-40% of cases
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What are the hosts of Ehrlichia chaffeinsis?
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humans and deer
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What is the vector organism of Ehrlichia chaffeinsis?
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Lone star Ticks
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What causes Q-fever
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Coxiella burnetii
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What are the animal reservoirs of Q-fever?
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cattle, sheep, goats
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Tranmission of Q-fever?
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inhalation of barnyard dust with dried urine, feces, placenta and other birth products
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Who is at greatest rish with Q fever?
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Those with underlying heart disease
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Brucella morphology
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coccobacilli, non-encapsulated, non-motile
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Brucella cell wall
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gram (-)
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Where is the greatest concentration of brucella found/
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Mexicans in US
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How is brucellosis transmitted?
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eating or drinking, inhalation, wound contamination
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Brucellosis Tissue tropism
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in tissue with high levels of erythritol- breasts, uterus, placenta, epididymis
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Brucellosis Disease
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"Undulant Fever.Initially non specific: malaise, chills, sweats, fatigue weakness, myalgias weight loss, arthralgias and dry cough. All patients have a fever which becomes intermittent and hence is called undulant fever.
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What species cause Bartonella
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B. bacilliformis, B. quintana, B. henselae
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What is bartonella morphology
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short, gram (-) aerobic rods
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Bartonella metabolism
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fastidious
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Diseases of Bartonella
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Trench Fever, Cat-scratch
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Bartonella bacilliformis causes severe______
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anemia
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Bartonella bacilliformis cause are gram _____ rods that penetrate_____
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negative, RBCs
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Bartonella bacilliformis causes _______ disease, which is ______
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Carrion disease, acute febrile illness
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Where is bartonella bacilliformis restricted to?
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Andes Mountain range
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Borellia
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Lyme disease
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RMSF
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