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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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immature DCs: where?
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-epithelia and organs
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immature DCs: what do they do?
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-phagocytic
-express PRRs |
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what do mature DCs acctivate?
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naive T cells
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when does adaptive immune response begin?
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-antigen receptors of lymphocytes bind antigens
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TCRs: bind?
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-T cell antigen receptors
-bind peptides |
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MHC molecules: where?
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-major histocompatibility
-on APCs -expressed on cell surface |
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MHC: function?
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-present peptides to T cells
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MHC I: structure?
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-alpha chain
-invariant molecule B2M |
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MHC I: binds?
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-small peptides
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MHC II: structure?
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-two chains ( alpha/beta)
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MHC II: binds?
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-larger peptides
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MHC I/peptide complex: binds with CD?
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-CD8+ (cytotoxic T cells CTLs)
-binds to alpha 3 domain |
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MHC II/peptide complex binds to CD?
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-CD4+ helper T cells (TH)
-binds to B2 domain |
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MHC I inheritance?
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HLA-A, B, C
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MHC II inheritance?
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HLA-D (DR, DP, and DQ)
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MHC I- expressing cell types?
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-all nucleated cells
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MHC II - expressing cell types?
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-DCs
-macrophages -Bcells |
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macrophages as APCs
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-display on MHCII to CD4 effector TH cells
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B cells as APCs
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-display on MHC II to CD4 effector TH cells
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all nucleated cells as APCs
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-present intracellular antigesn on MHC I to CD8 CTLs
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exogenous antigens: presentation?
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-MHC II to CD4 TH cells
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endogenous antigens: presentation?
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-MHC I to CD8 CTLs
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CLIP
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-class II invariatn chain peptide
-blocks peptide binding until MHC II arrive w/ peptide |
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HLA-DM: function?
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-removes CLIP so peptides can load to MHC IIs
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TAP: function?
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-transporter assoc. w/ antigen processing
-injects intracellular peptides into ER to be loaded onto MHCI |
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IFN-a/B: function?
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-stimulate synth of enzymes interfering with viral replication
-inc expression MHC I |
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ITAMs: function?
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-immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs
-cause phosphorylation of mol. in NK cell pathway |
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ITIMs: function?
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-immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motifs
-dephos. of mol. in NK cell pathway |
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TCR
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-t cell antigen receptor
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BCR
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-b cell antigen receptro
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Ig domain
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-two layers of B pleated sheet
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TCR and BCR both contain:
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-V and C regions
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TCR assoc with?
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-CD3 and zeta chain
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BCR assoc. with?
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-Iga and IgB
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TCR binds?
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-peptides displayed by MHC
-V region binds linear peptides in MHC |
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BCR binds?
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-macromolecules
-V region binds linear or conformational determinants |
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TCR accessory binding molecule?
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-CD4 binds to B2 domain
-CD8 binds to a3 domain |
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somatic recombinations: produce?
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-variable regions of TCRs BCRs
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VDJ segment recomb:
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-V region of BCR H
-TCR B chain |
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VJ segment recomb:
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-V region of BCR L
-TCR a chain |
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order recomb for BCR HC and TCR B
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-first: between D and J
-second: between V and DJ |
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combinatorial diversity: what? enzyme?
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-diff gene segments (V, D, J)
-VDJ recombinase |
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RAG-1
RAG-2 |
-part of recombinase enzyme
-recognize DNA seq around v, d, j |
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junctional diversity: sources?
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-dsDNA breaks during recomb not precise
-breaks not blunt: P nucleotides fill in overhang -exonucleases randomly remove nucleotides -TdT adds N nucleotides |
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TdT
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-terminal deoxynucleotidal transferase
-adds N nucleotides |
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CDRs
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-complementarity determining regions
-hypervariable regions of H and L chains |
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most diverse CDR
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CDR3
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fab fragment
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-fragment antigen binding
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fc fragment
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-fragment crystalline/constant
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antibody isotypes: determined by? what?
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-determined by type of constant region on H chain
-IgM, IgD, IgG, IgA, IgE |
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antibody affinity
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-strength of interaction btwn antigen binding site/antigen
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antibody avidity
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-cumulative strength of all antigen bindin sites
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IgA: function? form?
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-mucosal immunity
-dimer |
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IgD: function?
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-naive B cell antigen receptor
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IgE: function? form?
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-mast cell activation, defense against helminths
-monomer |
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IgG: function? form?
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-opsonization, complement activation, abody dep. cell mediated cytotoxicity, neonate immun., feedback inhibition of B cells
-monomer |
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IgM: function? form?
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-naive B cell antigen receptor, complement activation
-pentamer |
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epitope/antigenic determinant
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-part of antigen binds to a. body
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immunogen
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-antigen capable producing immune response
-self antigens NOT immonogenic |
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isotypes activate classical complement?
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-IgG
-IgM |
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abundance, half life: IgG, IgA, IgM?
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most abundant/longest half life: IgG, then IgA, then IgM
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Pro-B cells
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-express B cell markers
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Pre-B cells
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-signaling complex turns on BTK gene
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BTK gene
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bruton's tyrosine kinase
-cell dies w/out |
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immature B cells
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completed BCR shuts of light chain rearrangement
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negative selection
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-immature B cells in BM, if bind to self antigen they die
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mature B cells
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-co-express IgM and IgD
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Pro-T cells
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-dont express CD4 or CD8
-double neg. thymocytes |
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T Cell progenitors
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-migrate from BM to thymus
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pre-TCR signals:
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-inhibit B chain rearrange.
-begin a chain rearrange. -cells express CD4 and CD8 |
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pre-T cells
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-expres CD4 and CD8
-double pos thymocytes |
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positive selection
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-T cells bind MHC (not too strongly)
-CD4 or CD8 stays with |
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direct effect activation T/B cells
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-B cells interact with CD4 TH cells
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indirect effect activation T/B cells
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-cytokines from activated CD4 TH - shape a. body response
-help B cells switch isotype |
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LFA-1
VLA-1 bind to? |
-ICAM-1
-VCAM-1 on APCs |
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recognition of microbial producst by APC:
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-incr B7expression on APC
-incr IL-12 secretion by APC |
