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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acute Pain
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severe pain with a rapid onset and of short duration
less than six months |
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Addiction
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compulsive physiological need for a habit-forming drug
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Bioavailability
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the extent to which a dose of a drug reaches its site of action to produce an effect
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Chronic pain
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pain that persists beyond the period of healing, ceases to serve a protective function, degrades client function, and serves no adaptive purposes
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Cutaneous Stimulation
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a stimulation of the skin
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Distraction
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a pain reduction tecnique that diverts an individual's attention away from the pain sensation
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drug tolerance
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decreased physiological response after repeated administration of a drug or a chemically related substance
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effleurage
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a type of massage stroke that glides without manipulation depp muscles, smoothes and extends muscles, increases nutrient absorption, and improves lymphatic and venous circulation
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epidural
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administration of local anesthetic by way of a catheter inot the epidural space of the spinal column. designed to produce anesthesia of the pelvic, abdominal, or genital areas
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friction
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effect of rubbing, or the resistance that a moving body meets from the surface on which it moves, a force that occurs in the direction oppose movement; in massage, technique in which deeper tissues are stroked or rubbed, usually through strong circular movements of the hand
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guided imagery
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technique in which client focuses on an image, becoming less aware of pain
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intraspinal
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pertaining to both the epidural and intrathecal routes of medication administration
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intrathecal
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of or pertaining to a structure, process, or substance within a sheath, as within the spinal cord
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massage
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form of cutaneous stimulation that involves the application of touch and movement to muscles, tendons, and ligaments
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nonopoids
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analgesics that do not contain opoids
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nonpharmacologica
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interventions used to prevent illness and promote health without the use of or addition to the use of medications
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opoids
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pertaining to natural and synthetic chemicals that have opium like effects although they are not derived from opium
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pain intensity
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the degree or extent of pain perceived by an individual
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pain rating scale
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graphic or numeric representations that allow clients to quantify their pain experience
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patient controlled analgesia
PCA |
tech that allows clients to self administer small, continous doses of IV or subcutaneous opiods as the feel they need
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Petrissage
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a massage technique in which the skin is gently lifted and squeezed
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Pharmacological agents
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oral, parenteral, or topical substances used to alleviate symptoms and treat or control illness
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physical dependence
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a physiological state in which abrupt cessation of a drug results in a withdrawal syndrome
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preemptive analgesia
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a method of preventing pain while reducing opiod use
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pseudoaddiction
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exhibition of drug-seeking behaviors through the true driving factor is pain relief not physical addiction
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relaxation
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a cognitive strategy that provides mental and physical pain relief or reduces pain
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splinting
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supporting the abdomen is used to reduce pain caused by coughing or sneezing after surgery
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antipyrectic
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pertaining to a substance, such as a medication, that reduces fever
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clean technique
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the purposeful prevention of the transmission of microorganisms by using procedures such as hand washing and disinfection fo equipment to reduce the number of microorganisms
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dementia
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a term used to describe a group of symptoms related to a loss or impairment of mental powers. These symptoms appear in a person who is awake and are demonstrated by syptoms of mental confusion, memory loss, disorientation, intellectual impairment, or similar problems
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febrile
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pertaining to or characterized by fever or elevation in body temp
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Gastrostomy feeding tube
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long, hollow, flexible tube inserted into the stomach through a stab wound in the upper left abdominal quadrant
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High fowlers position
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placement of a client in a semisitting position by raising the head of the bed more than 45-60 degrees
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infusion pump
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device designed to deliver a measured amount of fluid over a period to time
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intake and output record
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measuring and recording of all liquid intake and output over a 24 hour period of time
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nasal cannula
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a device used for delivering oxygen by way of two small, short tubes that are inserted into the nares
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nasogastric feeding tube
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a small tube that is passed via the nares into the stomach
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over the counter drugs
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drug available to a consumer without a prescribtion
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oxygen therapy
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administration of oxygen by any route to a client, to prevent or relieve hypoxia
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piloerection
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erection of hair due to the action of the arrectores pilorum muscles, the smooth muscles attached to the hair follicles; commonly referred to as goose bumps
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prn
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abbreviation for pro re nata. a latin phrase meaning as needed. the times of administration are determined by the needs of the client
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transtracheal oxygen catheter
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a method of administering oxygen to a client by establishing a low flow catheter route directly in the trachea
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debridement
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removal of dead tissue in a wound
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erythema
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redness or imflammation of the skin or mucous membranes, result of dilation and congestion of superficial cappilaries
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eschar
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scab or dry crust that results from excoriation of the skin
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exudate
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any fluid that has been extruded from a tissue or its capillaries, more specifically because of injury or inflammation. It is characteristically high in protein and white blood cells
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ischemia
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a decrease supply of oxygenated blood to a body organ or part
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maceration
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skin that becomes abnormally soft and breaks down because of prolonged exposure to moisture
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necrosis
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localized tissue death
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pressure ulcer
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a lesion that develops in the skin as a result of prolonged, unrelieved pressure
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reactive hyperemia
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the return of blood to an area of tissue upon the release of externally applied pressure
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risk assessment tool
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evaluation protocols for assessing the likelihood for th development of pressure ulcers; two such protocols are the Braden scale and the Norton scale, which assess the following five risk factors; physical condition, mental state, activity, mobility, and incontinence
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shear
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pressure exerted against the surface and layers of the skin as tissues slide underneath the body as it moves against a surface
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slough
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necrotic (dead) tissue in the process of separating from viable portions of the body
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topical agents
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pertaining to a drug or treatment applied to the surface part of the body
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undermining
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condition of a wound in which the loss of underlying tissues is greater than the loss of the skin
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binder
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bandage made of a large piece of material to fit and support a specific body part
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chronic venous insuffiency
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abnormal circulatory condition characterized by decreased return of the venous blood from the legs to the trunk of the body
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elastic bandage
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bandage of elasticized fabric that provides support and allows movement
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exoriation
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and injury to the surface of the skin or other part of the body caused by scratching of abrasion
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maceration
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skin that becomes abnormally soft and breaks down because of prolonged exposure to moisture
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