Week 4.2 Hemotology-Blood Disorders & Diseases

Front 1

NAME THE ANEMIA:
a group of hereditary blood deficiencies in which there is an abnormality that affects the synthesis of globin chains in the hemoglobin molecule:

Back 1

thalassemia (major or minor);
erythrocytes are small (microcytic), pale (hypochromic), & of variable size (anisocytosis). Target cells may be seen.

Front 2

blood disorder characterized by increased numbers of erythrocytes due to uncontrolled production of red marrow:

Back 2

polycythemia vera

Front 3

inherited genetic abnormality of a gene on the X chromosome that causes a lack or deficiency of a specific clotting factor resulting in excessive bleeding:

Back 3

hemophilia

Front 4

Hemophilia A is a lack of which clotting factor?

Back 4

VIII

Front 5

Hemophilia B is a lack of which clotting factor?

Back 5

IX

Front 6

Hemophilia C is a lack of which clotting factor?

Back 6

XI

Front 7

Patients with an abnormal Philadelphia chromosome have what type of leukemia?

Back 7

chronic myelogenous leukmia
(CML)

Front 8

NAME THE TYPE OF LEUKEMIA:
too many myeloblasts and myelocytes

Back 8

acute myelogenous leukemia
(AML)

Front 9

NAME THE TYPE OF LEUKEMIA:
too many myeloblasts, myelocytes, and mature neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

Back 9

chronic myelogenous leukemia
(CML)

Front 10

NAME THE TYPE OF LEUKEMIA:
too many lymphoblasts

Back 10

acute lymphocytic leukemia
(ALL)

Front 11

NAME THE TYPE OF LEUKEMIA:
too many mature lymphocytes

Back 11

chronic lymphocytic leukemia
(CLL)

Front 12

Most common leukemia seen in children:

Back 12

acute lymphocytic leukemia
ALL

Front 13

Most common form of leukemia:

Back 13

chronic lymphocytic leukemia
CLL

Front 14

any disease condition involving blood cells:

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blood dyscrasia

Front 15

blood disorder characterized by decreased numbers of all types of blood cells due to failure of the bone marrow to produce stem cells

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pancytopenia

Front 16

blood condition marked by erythrocytes that are either too large or too small

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anisocytosis

Front 17

In which anemias are macrocytes (abnormally large erythrocytes) seen?

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folic acid anemia & pernicious anemia

Front 18

In which anemia are microcytes (abnormally small erythrocytes) seen?

Back 18

iron-deficiency anemia

Front 19

Term used for the condition in which erythrocytes vary in shape:

Back 19

poikilocytosis

Front 20

blood disorder marked by failure of the bone marrow to produce erythrocytes because of damage by disease, cancer, radiation, or chemotherapy drugs--erythrocyte numbers are decreased, but are normocytic and normochromatic:

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aplastic anemia

Front 21

term for unusually large and very immature erythrocytes:

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megaloblast

Front 22

Treatment of thalassemia:

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blood transfusion

Front 23

Treatment of pernicious anemia:

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intramuscular or intranasal vitamin B12

Front 24

Treatment of polycythemia vera:

Back 24

periodic phlebotomy to remove blood & keep hematocrit at a normal level

Front 25

Treatment for poikilocytosis:

Back 25

None. These are genetic defects of the erythrocyte.
(sickle cell anemia is a condition of poikilocytosis

Front 26

Treatment of aplastic anemia:

Back 26

Blood transfusion, erythropoietin drug to stimulate erythrocyte production, or bone marrow transplant

Front 27

What causes the characteristic kidney failure seen in many blood transfusions?

Back 27

blood incompatibility with the patient's and the donor's blood, causing breakdown (hemolysis) of the red cells. These broken down erythrocytes clog the filtering membranes of the kidneys causing failure.

Front 28

A diagnosis of AIDS is made when the CD4 cell count falls below_____?

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200
(normal is 500-1500 cells/cubic millimeters

Front 29

Treatment for leukemias:

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chemotherapy, radiation therapy, bone marrow or stem cell transplantation

Front 30

Cancer of the plasma cells that produce antibodies:

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multiple myeloma

Front 31

name of the abnormal immunoglobulin found in the urine of patients with multiple myeloma:

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Bence Jones protein

Front 32

any disease that affects the ability of the blood to clot normally:

Back 32

coagulopathy

Front 33

term used the condition of blood pooling in the veins (most commonly as a result of lack of exercise):

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venous stasis

Front 34

severe disorder of clotting in which multiple small thrombi are formed throughout the body--blood clots use up platelets and fibrinogen to the extent that spontaneous bleeding from nose, mouth, incisions, IV sites occurs:

Back 34

disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

Front 35

Name of the disease in which an immune reaction originating from the donor tissue or organ against the patient causing a rash, fever, or death:

Back 35

graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)

Front 36

Name for the most common lymphoma in which abnormal lymphocytes, Reed-Sternberg cells, are found:

Back 36

Hodgkin's lymphoma, or Hodgkin's disease

Front 37

A group of more than 20 different types of lymphomas occuring in older adults but without the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells:

Back 37

non-Hodgkin's lymphoma