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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
NAME THE BLOOD DISORDER (TYPE):
a disorder in which there is an abnormally low level of hemoglobin or red cells in the blood and thus imaired delivery of oxygen to the tissues |
anemia
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NAME THE BLOOD DISORDER (TYPE):
a neoplastic blood disease characterized by an increase in the number of white cells: |
leukemia
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NAME THE BLOOD DISORDER (TYPE):
conditions characterized by an abnormal tendency to bleed because of a breakdown in the body's clotting mechanism |
clotting disorder
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NAME THE ANEMIA:
a group of hereditary blood deficiencies in which there is an abnormality that affects the synthesis of globin chains in the hemoglobin molecule: |
thalassemia (major or minor);
erythrocytes are small (microcytic), pale (hypochromic), & of variable size (anisocytosis). Target cells may be seen. |
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blood disorder characterized by increased numbers of erythrocytes due to uncontrolled production of red marrow:
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polycythemia vera
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inherited genetic abnormality of a gene on the X chromosome that causes a lack or deficiency of a specific clotting factor resulting in excessive bleeding:
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hemophilia
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Hemophilia A is a lack of which clotting factor?
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VIII
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Hemophilia B is a lack of which clotting factor?
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IX
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Hemophilia C is a lack of which clotting factor?
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XI
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Patients with an abnormal Philadelphia chromosome have what type of leukemia?
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chronic myelogenous leukmia
(CML) |
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NAME THE TYPE OF LEUKEMIA:
too many myeloblasts and myelocytes |
acute myelogenous leukemia
(AML) |
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NAME THE TYPE OF LEUKEMIA:
too many myeloblasts, myelocytes, and mature neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils |
chronic myelogenous leukemia
(CML) |
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NAME THE TYPE OF LEUKEMIA:
too many lymphoblasts |
acute lymphocytic leukemia
(ALL) |
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NAME THE TYPE OF LEUKEMIA:
too many mature lymphocytes |
chronic lymphocytic leukemia
(CLL) |
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Most common leukemia seen in children:
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acute lymphocytic leukemia
ALL |
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Most common form of leukemia:
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chronic lymphocytic leukemia
CLL |
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any disease condition involving blood cells:
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blood dyscrasia
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blood disorder characterized by decreased numbers of all types of blood cells due to failure of the bone marrow to produce stem cells
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pancytopenia
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blood condition marked by erythrocytes that are either too large or too small
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anisocytosis
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In which anemias are macrocytes (abnormally large erythrocytes) seen?
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folic acid anemia & pernicious anemia
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In which anemia are microcytes (abnormally small erythrocytes) seen?
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iron-deficiency anemia
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Term used for the condition in which erythrocytes vary in shape:
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poikilocytosis
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blood disorder marked by failure of the bone marrow to produce erythrocytes because of damage by disease, cancer, radiation, or chemotherapy drugs--erythrocyte numbers are decreased, but are normocytic and normochromatic:
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aplastic anemia
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term for unusually large and very immature erythrocytes:
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megaloblast
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Treatment of thalassemia:
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blood transfusion
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Treatment of pernicious anemia:
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intramuscular or intranasal vitamin B12
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Treatment of polycythemia vera:
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periodic phlebotomy to remove blood & keep hematocrit at a normal level
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Treatment for poikilocytosis:
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None. These are genetic defects of the erythrocyte.
(sickle cell anemia is a condition of poikilocytosis |
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Treatment of aplastic anemia:
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Blood transfusion, erythropoietin drug to stimulate erythrocyte production, or bone marrow transplant
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What causes the characteristic kidney failure seen in many blood transfusions?
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blood incompatibility with the patient's and the donor's blood, causing breakdown (hemolysis) of the red cells. These broken down erythrocytes clog the filtering membranes of the kidneys causing failure.
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A diagnosis of AIDS is made when the CD4 cell count falls below_____?
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200
(normal is 500-1500 cells/cubic millimeters |
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Treatment for leukemias:
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chemotherapy, radiation therapy, bone marrow or stem cell transplantation
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Cancer of the plasma cells that produce antibodies:
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multiple myeloma
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name of the abnormal immunoglobulin found in the urine of patients with multiple myeloma:
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Bence Jones protein
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any disease that affects the ability of the blood to clot normally:
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coagulopathy
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term used the condition of blood pooling in the veins (most commonly as a result of lack of exercise):
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venous stasis
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severe disorder of clotting in which multiple small thrombi are formed throughout the body--blood clots use up platelets and fibrinogen to the extent that spontaneous bleeding from nose, mouth, incisions, IV sites occurs:
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disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
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Name of the disease in which an immune reaction originating from the donor tissue or organ against the patient causing a rash, fever, or death:
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graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)
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Name for the most common lymphoma in which abnormal lymphocytes, Reed-Sternberg cells, are found:
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Hodgkin's lymphoma, or Hodgkin's disease
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A group of more than 20 different types of lymphomas occuring in older adults but without the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells:
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non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
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