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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Fixed/Variable duration |
Rft gained following persistence in target behaviour for x amount of time Still contingent May lead to under-reinforcement |
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Fixed/Variable Time schedule |
Non-contingent rft E.g., welfare payments? (fixed) |
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Progressive Ratios |
Contingencies change systematically |
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Discrimination Hypothesis Frustration Hypothesis Sequential Hypothesis Response Unit Hypothesis |
Partial Reinforcement Effect Hypothesis |
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temporary |
Punishment produces ----------------- suppression of behaviour |
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Punishment can elicit several emotional effects (e.g., fear and anger); these emotions can hamper learning. Punishment can lead to general suppression of all behaviours. The use of punishment demands the continual monitoring of an individual’s behaviour. Punishment can sometimes lead to aggression against either the punisher or whomever happens to be around. |
Problems with punishment |
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Overcorrection Extinction Response Blocking Differential Reinforcement Other (DRO) Differential Reinforcement Incompatible (DRI) Differential Reinforcement Low Rate (DRL) Noncontingent reinforcement |
Alternatives to Punishment |
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Individuals who are severely impaired, often engaging in self injurious behaviour (can be life threatening) and unable to give consent to proposed procedures On legal and ethical grounds that punishment is never acceptable and alternative treatments should be used |
The ‘punishment’ controversy |
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Differential reinforcement of low rate |
A form of differential reinforcement in which a behavior is reinforced only if it occurs no more that a specified number of times in a given period. |
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Differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior |
A form of differential reinforcement in which a behavior that is incompatible with an unwanted behavior is systematically reinforced |
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Differential reinforcement of alternative behavio |
A form of differential reinforcement in which a behavior that is different from an undesired behavior is systematically reinforced. The procedure provides an alternative way of obtaining reinforcement. |
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Response prevention |
The procedure of altering the environment to prevent unwanted behavior from occurring. |
