Week 3: Anatomy - Muscle Tissue

Front 1

What is myasthenia gravis?

Back 1

Autoimmune disease in which individual makes antibodies against acetylcholine in the muscle cell

Front 2

What are cardiomyopathies

Back 2

loss of cardiac muscle function. Often fatal

Front 3

TMD

Back 3

tempromandibular joint disfunction

Front 4

myoepithelial cell

Back 4

glands (eg. exocrine, salivary). Can generate motile forces through contraction

Front 5

pericytes

Back 5

small contractile cells before a cappillary bed. Create motile forces

Front 6

myofibroblasts

Back 6

in charge of wound contraction

Front 7

Characteristics of Skeletal muscle

Back 7

Striated, voluntary control, capable of some regeneration due to satellite stem cells dividing. Made from fusion of embryonic muscle cells. Multinucleated

Front 8

Characteristics of Smooth Muscle

Back 8

No striation, involuntary control. Cells can divide. No neuromuscular junctions. Relies on diffusion of neurotransmitter across a gap. As a result contraction is slow and easily maintained

Front 9

Characteristics of Cardiac Muscle

Back 9

Striated, branching. Usually 1 nucleus. Involuntary. Cannot regenerate. Contain intercaculated discs

Front 10

prime mover

Back 10

performs main action

Front 11

antagonist

Back 11

produces opposite movement of prime mover

Front 12

Muscle fascia

Back 12

Epimysium. Surrounds entire muscle. Connected to tendon

Front 13

perimysium

Back 13

Surrounds fascicles (muscle bundles). Connected to epimyosin

Front 14

endomysium

Back 14

Surrounds muscle fibers. Connected to perimysium

Front 15

motor unit

Back 15

group of muscle fibers innervated by same motor neuron

Front 16

myofibrils

Back 16

microfilaments of actin and myosin. Make up muscle fibre. Give muscle its striated appearance

Front 17

sarcomere

Back 17

contractile unit of muscle cell

Front 18

actin is attached to ______

Back 18

Z line

Front 19

______ moves toward ________ during contraction

Back 19

Actin; A band

Front 20

"Triad"

Back 20

Sandwich of t-tubules between 2 terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Front 21

T-tubules

Back 21

invagination of plasma membrane, spreads depolarization

Front 22

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

Back 22

Stores and releases Calcium. Surrounds muscle fibers. Includes terminal cisternae.

Front 23

Mitochondria are located where in skeletal muscle

Back 23

within the I bands, arranged regularly

Front 24

Muscle spindles

Back 24

Located in myofibril. Responsible for monitoring and maintaining muscle tone

Front 25

How are myofibrils connected

Back 25

Proteins such as the intermediate filament desmin link the myofibrils to the basal lamina (which is in turn linked to the endomysium, etc)

Front 26

Where is smooth muscle found?

Back 26

stomach, intestinal track, bladder, and blood vessels. (along hollow viscera and tubes)

Front 27

How does smooth muscle differ from skeletal muscle?

Back 27

contractile proteins criss-cross cell, results in "rounding up" of cell upon contraction. No neuromuscular junctions.

Front 28

What are intercalculated discs?

Back 28

Present in cardiac muscle. Specialized transverse junctions, at Z lines. Bind cells, transmit contraction, and expedite excitation through myocardium

Front 29

3 types of junctions in intercalated discs

Back 29

Gap junctions and junctions similar to adhering junctions (actin) and desmesomes (desmin)