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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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harpsichord
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most popular keyboard before 1770's
-strings plucked by quill -change manuels to change dynamics |
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Bartolomeo Cristofori
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inventor of modern pianoforte circa 1700
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pianoforte
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instrument whose strings are struck by hammer (new mechanism)
-capable of dynamic change w/o switching manuels -popularized in late 18th cent. |
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octave
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distance between pitches separated by 8 notes
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opus
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numbering of a composer's works
*number assigned to PRINTED music |
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patron
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aristocrat or wealthy member of bourgeoisie to whom piece dedicated
-composer gains legitimacy, rich gifts |
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accompanied/duo sonata
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keyboard sonata w/ violin accompaniment, most numerically common in 18th cent.
*chamber music |
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texture
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relationship among musical parts/voices
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"Andante-Adagio Archetype"
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contrast built into many slower, inner movements
*contrasting middle section conjures troubled state, then reparation *primal process of loss of symbiotic relationship between child and parent |
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image in form
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symbolic meaning that arises from structural processes
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symbiotic fusion
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(technical psychoanalytic term)
prenatal relationship between mother and child -no sense of individual identity |
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Alberti bass
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kind of accompaniment used in classical sonatas
-pattern repeated -kind of figuration |
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figuration
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repeated pattern of rhythmic movement
-not really melodic, more of an embellishment |
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older patronage relationship vs. new print culture
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patronage- pre-revolutionary Europe, mutually reinforcing, aristocracy
print- music as commercial item, purchased widely, growing bourgeoisie |
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cadence
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ending, rhetorical close in music
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Serenade in G Major
(Eine Kleine Nachtmusik) |
1787
I: sonata form II: romanza, rondo form III: minuet, rounded binary form VI: sonata, rondo form |
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Piano Sonata in A Minor
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1778
I: sonata form (allegro) II: cantabile/serenade style (andante, adagio) III: rondo form (presto) |
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Accompanied Sonata in E Minor
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1778
I: sonata form II: HYBRID- rondo form, minuet style |
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coda
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added on musical section
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ontology of music
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expresses states ranging from intimate/beautiful to grand/sublime
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features of Classical style
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-narrow harmonic language
-aesthetic preference for symmetry, repetition, order -governed by convention, expectation -mixture of serious/comic expression |
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serenade
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multimovement instrumental work composed for celebratory/laudatory occasion
-buoyant, fun, sociable -outdoors around 9 PM |
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instruments in Eine Kleine Nachtmusik
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STRING QUARTET
1 cello 1 viola 2 violins |
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instruments in sonata in a minor
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piano only
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instruments in accompanied sonata in e minor
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piano and violin
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