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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Family as a system |
A network of relationships that influence each member directly and indirectly |
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Direct influences
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Dyadic relationships. Parental discipline
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Indirect influences
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Influence of one dyadic relationship upon another. Hostile marriage related to punitive parenting.
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Family systems are |
- Dynamic. All members are going through developmental change. - Impacted by wider social context |
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The transition to parenthood |
- Multiple stresses accompany birth (disrupted sleep, new caregiving task, increased financial burden)
- Birth is accompanied by a drop in marital satisfaction, but quality of pre-birth marriage related post-birth satisfaction. Shared caregiving predicts sensitivity to baby in both parents. - Transition is easier for parents in late 20s and 30s |
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Baumrind's Parenting Styles |
- Responsiveness, acceptance and involvement: promote emotional connection - Control (standards)/demandingness: promote mature behaviour |
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Baumrind's PS categories |
- Authoritative - Authoritarian - Permissive - Uninvolved |
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Authoritative
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Warm and firm. Positive mood, self-control, task-persistence, high self-esteem, social and moral maturity, achievement, motivation and academic performance.
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Authoritarian
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Rejecting and coercive. Negative mood, dependence, lack of exploration, little task-persistence. Boys = aggression, defiance
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Permissive |
Warm but lack firmness and guidance Impulsive, disobedient, rebellious, overly demanding of adults, poor task-persistence, antisocial behaviour, low achievement
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Uninvolved |
Emotionally detached, lacks firmness and guidance Early deficits in attachment, cognition and play. Poor emotional self-regulation, low academic self-esteem and school performance, antisocial behaviour.
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Adaptingparenting to Child's Development during adolescence |
Gradual lessening of direct control and increase in autonomy granting throughout middle childhood and adolescence. |
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Coregulation |
Parents have general oversight, child manages moment-to-moment decisions.
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Autonomy
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Self as separate, self-governing individual.
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Bidirectional influences |
- Refers to parenting styles developed from parents' experiences as children. Not always passed on.
- Emotionally therapeutic experiences appear to support inter-generational improvement in parenting (supportive marriages, friendships; therapy; efficacious experiences in school) |
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Best parenting style |
Authoritative style most common and effective across cultures. Associated with: - More involved fathering - Inductive discipline - Valuing curiosity, self-sufficiency over obedience |
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Best parenting style in Ethnic minorities |
Authoritative. - More controlled strategies to promote positive outcomes. - Combined with warmth, reasoning and safety Extended families can help buffer against poverty |
