Week 1: Terminology, Bone Structure, Appendicular Skeleton I

Front 1

anatomical position

Back 1

standing with face, hands, and feet forward. Palms forward

Front 2

prone position

Back 2

face down

Front 3

supine position

Back 3

face up

Front 4

arm

Back 4

shoulder to elbow

Front 5

forarm

Back 5

elbow to hand

Front 6

brachium

Back 6

at the arm

Front 7

antebrachium

Back 7

before the arm, forarm

Front 8

antecubitis

Back 8

back of the elbow, where you would get an IV or donate blood

Front 9

olecranon

Back 9

point of elbow

Front 10

carpus

Back 10

@ wrist

Front 11

digit

Back 11

finger, full finger (toe too)

Front 12

phalanx

Back 12

finger bone, individual finger bones (toes too)

Front 13

femur

Back 13

at the thigh

Front 14

patella

Back 14

knee cap

Front 15

popliteus

Back 15

back part of knee

Front 16

crus

Back 16

at the leg

Front 17

fibula

Back 17

lateral bone of lower leg, skinnierbone

Front 18

tibia

Back 18

medial bone of lower leg, fatter bone

Front 19

tarsus

Back 19

at the ankle

Front 20

planta

Back 20

sole of foot

Front 21

axial

Back 21

head, neck and trunk, axis of body

Front 22

cephalon

Back 22

at the head

Front 23

cervicis

Back 23

at the neck

Front 24

thoracis

Back 24

at the chest

Front 25

lumbus

Back 25

at the back, above the waist

Front 26

sacrum

Back 26

below the waist, between hips

Front 27

oculus (orbit)

Back 27

eye socket

Front 28

bucca

Back 28

cheeck region

Front 29

axilla

Back 29

armpit

Front 30

acromial

Back 30

Shoulder

Front 31

gluteus

Back 31

butt

Front 32

abdomen

Back 32

at the belly

Front 33

inguen

Back 33

at the groin

Front 34

pubis

Back 34

genital area

Front 35

sagital

Back 35

devides the body or organ right and left

Front 36

frontal (coronal)

Back 36

devides front and back

Front 37

transverse (cross)

Back 37

devides top and bottom

Front 38

superior

Back 38

above relative to earth

Front 39

inferior

Back 39

below relative to earth

Front 40

cranial (cephalad)

Back 40

head side, toward the head

Front 41

caudal

Back 41

toward the tail

Front 42

anterior

Back 42

front side

Front 43

ventral

Back 43

belly side

Front 44

posterior

Back 44

back side

Front 45

dorsal

Back 45

spinal side

Front 46

medial

Back 46

toward the mid line

Front 47

lateral

Back 47

away from the mid line

Front 48

proximal

Back 48

near the trunk

Front 49

distal

Back 49

away from the trunk

Front 50

superficial

Back 50

close to the surface

Front 51

deep

Back 51

away from the surface

Front 52

dorsal cavity

Back 52

contains brain and spinal cord

Front 53

cranial cavity

Back 53

brain

Front 54

vertebral cavity

Back 54

spinal cord

Front 55

ventral cavity

Back 55

belly side

Front 56

thoracic cavity

Back 56

chest wall and diaphragm

Front 57

mediastinum

Back 57

narrow cavity at the mid line

Front 58

pleural

Back 58

lung cavities

Front 59

pericardial

Back 59

around the heart

Front 60

abdominopelvic cavity

Back 60

inferior, below diaphragm

Front 61

long bone

Back 61

bones longer than they are wide, for gross movement

Front 62

short bone

Back 62

equal length and width (cuboidal), like wrist or ankle, for fine movement

Front 63

flat bone

Back 63

bones in the cranium

Front 64

irregular bone

Back 64

bones that can't be classified, like scapula

Front 65

sesamoid bone

Back 65

small, usually imbeded in tendons

Front 66

process

Back 66

anything that sticks out of a bone (bump, projection)

Front 67

trochanters

Back 67

large attachment sight, only at hips

Front 68

tuberosity

Back 68

medium attachment sight

Front 69

tubercle

Back 69

small attachment sight

Front 70

crest

Back 70

ridge

Front 71

epicondyle

Back 71

on and above, smooth rolling surface

Front 72

articular processess

Back 72

sights for joining bones (joints)

Front 73

head

Back 73

always has neck, ball to socket

Front 74

condyle

Back 74

smooth surface for rolling

Front 75

facet

Back 75

little face

Front 76

fossa

Back 76

shallow depression

Front 77

sulcus

Back 77

narrow groove

Front 78

foramen

Back 78

hole in the bone, nerves and blood vessels go through them

Front 79

fissure

Back 79

crack in a bone, narrow split

Front 80

meatus (or canal)

Back 80

passage ways, tunnels

Front 81

sinus

Back 81

hollow cavity in the bone

Front 82

epiphysis

Back 82

on and above growth region, end of long bone

Front 83

diaphysis

Back 83

across or between growth region, shaft

Front 84

compact bone

Back 84

smooth and solid part of bone, outer part of bone

Front 85

spongy bone

Back 85

strong but light part of bone, end of bones, the epiphysis

Front 86

medullary cavity

Back 86

core cavity, runs through bone, core of shaft

Front 87

epiphyseal plate

Back 87

where bones grow

Front 88

epiphyseal line

Back 88

where bones grow

Front 89

endosteum

Back 89

inside the bone

Front 90

periosteum

Back 90

arounf the bone, like a glove or an orange peel

Front 91

yellow marrow

Back 91

in core of bone, fatty, in diaphysis

Front 92

red marrow

Back 92

in spongy bone, epiphysis

Front 93

osteons

Back 93

unit of bone

Front 94

osteocytes

Back 94

bone cell

Front 95

lamella

Back 95

layer

Front 96

lacuna

Back 96

little lake

Front 97

central canal

Back 97

canal in center, contains blood cells and nerves

Front 98

canaliculi

Back 98

little canal, materials diffuse through them

Front 99

trabecula

Back 99

little pieces that make up spongy bone

Front 100

hyaline cartilage

Back 100

glassy looking, beams and struts, provides cushion

Front 101

chondrocytes

Back 101

cartilage cell

Front 102

matrix

Back 102

no blood vessels in matrix

Front 103

appendicular skeleton

Back 103

more mobile = less stable

Front 104

clavicle

Back 104

means key

Front 105

sternal end

Back 105

(clavical) medial, flat (chest)

Front 106

acromial end

Back 106

(clavical) lateral, round (shoulder)

Front 107

conoid tubercle

Back 107

(clavical) small cone like attachment sight, points down and back side

Front 108

superior border

Back 108

(scapula)

Front 109

lateral border

Back 109

(scapula) diagnal

Front 110

medial border

Back 110

(scapula) rounded

Front 111

superior angle

Back 111

(scapula) top corner

Front 112

inferior angle

Back 112

(scapula) bottom corner

Front 113

suprascapular notch

Back 113

(scapula) indent above the scapula

Front 114

acromion process

Back 114

(scapula) tip of shoulder

Front 115

coracoid process

Back 115

(scapula) crow like projection, on anterior side

Front 116

glenoid cavity

Back 116

(scapula) socket to sholder, ball and socket joint

Front 117

spine

Back 117

(scapula) posterior side

Front 118

supraspinous fossa

Back 118

(scapula) shallow depression above spine

Front 119

infraspinous fossa

Back 119

(scapula) shallow depression bellow spine

Front 120

subscapular fossa

Back 120

(scapula) shallow depression under spine

Front 121

(medical terminology)

articulation

Back 121

articul= joint

joint, an area where two bones are attached for the purpose of motion of body parts

Front 122

(medical terminology)

brachiocephalic

Back 122

brachi=arm
cephal=head

Front 123

(medical terminology)

osteochondroma

Back 123

osteo=bone

chondro=cartilage

-oma=tumor, mass

An abnormal, solitary, benign growth of bone and cartilage, typically at the end of a long bone

Front 124

(medical terminology)

osteoporosis

Back 124

osteo=bone

-porosis=porus, decrease in density

Thinning of the bones, with reduction in bone mass