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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Processes which lower the land. 1. Weathering |
Is decomposition of rock |
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Processes which lower the land. 2. Erosion |
Removal of weathered rock. Agents: water, wind, ice. |
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Processes which lower the land 3. Mass wasting |
Mass transport of sediment downhill |
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Types of weathering |
1. Mehanical: rock is broken into pieces. 2. Chemical: rock is chemically changed. |
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Types of mechanical weathering 1. Ice wedging |
Occurs when water seeps into cracks, freezes and expands (9%)
Talus: Rocks at the base of cliff |
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Dallas 1st and last freeze date |
Dallas average 1st freeze date: Thanksgiving Dallas average last freeze date: St. Patricks day |
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Types of mechanical weathering 2. Pressure relase |
Unloading expansion of rock. During to removal of overburdened. Produces exfoliation domes: Ex: Enchanted rock, TX Independence rock, Wyoming Stone Mountain, Georgia Dun Mountain, New Zeland |
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Types of mechanical weathering 3. Biological activity |
Actions by lifeforms |
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Chemical weathering of orthoclase |
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Bowen reaction series |
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Weathering rates increase with 1. Water |
Brings chemicals into contact Dallas average yearly rainfal: 30 in/year |
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Weathering rates increase with 2. Surface area |
Allows more chemicals to react |
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Weathering in US |
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Le Chateliers Principle |
A system in chemical equilibrium, if disturbed, reacts to regain it's equilibrium under the new condition |
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pH |
Measure of acidity. All acids have free H-irons (H+) |
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pH scale |
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Acid Rain |
Precipitation whose acidity is more than normal (pH 5.65 is acid but NOT acid rain) Ex: pH 5 is acid rain Ex: pH 6 is NOT acid rain (but is acid) |
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Humans make acid rain by burning: 1. |
Wood: CO2 is formed CO2 + rain = carbonic acid |
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Humans make acid rain by burning: 2. |
Coal: contains sulfur SO2 is formed + rain = sulfuric acid |
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Humans make acid rain by burning: 3. |
Gasoline: engine compression forms NO2 + rain = nitric acid |
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Acid rain destroys: |
1. Buildings 2. Trees 3. Lakes 4. Oceans |
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Mass wasting |
Mass transport of sediment downhill |
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Types of mass wating 1. Falls |
Sediment falls from mountain. Ice wedging is common cause. Ex: rockfall |
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Types of mass wasting 2. Slides |
Sediment slides: A) Slump: movement of sediment in blocks along curved path slow. B) Rockslides: rock sliding along flat surfaces. Ex: Madison Canyon, Wyoming |
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Types of mass wasting 3. Flows |
Sediment flows. Needs some water A) Creep: slowest flow B) Earthflow: thick mixture of sediment and water Ex: Dallas, TX Ex: La conchita, CA C) Mudflow: Fluid mixture of sediment and water. Common in dessert and volcanic ash areas. Kill more people. |