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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the atmospheric heat budget? |
The distribution of heat energy which the earth receives from the sun. The balance between the incoming solar radiation and outgoing radiation from the earth |
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What % of UV radiation from the sun reaches the Earths surface? |
51% |
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How much is reflected? |
30 |
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How much is absorbed by the atmosphere? |
19% |
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How much of the infrared is lost in space? |
70% |
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What is the order of layers of the earths atmosphere? |
The Troposphere The Stratosphere The Mesosphere The Thermosphere |
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What are the 3 cells that cover the Earth? |
Hadley, Ferrel and Polar |
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What are the Jet Streams? |
Narrow, fast moving air currents in the Tropopause which travel West to East at speeds of 50-250 mph |
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Where are they? |
In-between the Cells. |
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How many Jet Streams are there?
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4, 2 polar and 2 sub-tropical |
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Where are the Polar Jet Streams found? |
50-60* N/S |
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Where are the Sub-Tropical jet streams? |
30* N/S |
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What is the UK like when the Jet Stream is over head? |
Wet and windy |
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What about when its north of the UK?
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Warm and low rainfall |
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And South?
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UK affected by cold polar air |
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What are Planetary surface winds? |
Form when warm air rises at ITCZ and cool air sinks to replace the rising air. The surface equalise the pressure difference |
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What does low specific heat capacity mean? |
It takes less heat to change their temperature
(continental) |
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Characteristics of continental areas?
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Low specific heat capacity Hot summers Cold winters Bigger temp range |
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Characteristics of Coastal areas?
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High specific heat content Moderate climate (Maritime) smaller temp range |
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What is El Nino?
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When convection cell is reversed, warm water is pushed eastwards |
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Impacts of El Nino? |
Australia becomes drier than normal S.America becomes wetter |
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What is La Nina? |
When water is warmer on the west side of the pacific meaning it has a wetter climate compared to the east |
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Impacts of this?
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An atmospheric convection cell is set up across the Pacific |
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What is a Thermocline? |
The boundary in a body of water where the greatest vertical change in temp occurs |
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What is Environmental Lapse Rate? |
Temp in Tropopause decrease by 6.5*c every 1000m |
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An example of a cold current and its effects? |
Humbolt current on the west coast of south america which causes cool air to blow inland creating stable air and dry air |
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An example of a warm current and its effects? |
Gulf Stream (Mexico- UK) warming the UK up as warm winds blow in from the coast |
