Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
220 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
True or False
The objective of disinfecting water is to kill disease causing organisms. |
True
|
|
|
There are several methods for disinfecting water. Which of the following are most widely used in drinking water applications?
a. Ozonation and Iodine b. Chlorine and bromine c. Ultraviolet and potassium permanganate d. Overliming and copper sulfite |
b. Chlorine and bromine
|
|
|
True or False
Chlorine gas will have an amber color when exposed to air. |
False
|
|
|
True or False
Chlorine gas is 2.5 times heavier than air. |
True
|
|
|
Which of the following elements will create chloramines when chloride is added to water?
a. Ferrous iron b. Ammonia c. Hydrogen sulfide d. Manganese |
b. Ammonia
|
|
|
If you are receiving complaints on chlorine smell in the drinking water what would you typically do?
a. Turn the chlorine down to lower the residual b. Turn the chlorine up to reach break point. c. Flush hydrants d. backwash filters |
b. Turn the chlorine up to reach break point.
|
|
|
True or False
Gas chlorine cylinders should be located directly in front of heaters to prevent cylinders from freezing up. |
False
|
|
|
The fusible plug on 150 pound cylinders is designed to melt out and relieve pressure in cylinder to prevent rupture at this temperature:
a. 100 - 130F b. 210 - 212F c. 136 - 155F d. 158 - 165F |
d. 158 - 165F
|
|
|
True or False
Combined chlorine residuals are the most effective at controlling disease causing bacteria. |
False
|
|
|
When replacing gas chlorine cylinders proper care should be taken to check for leaks using this method:
a. Vinegar vapor b. Sense of smell c. Soap bubbles d. Ammonia vapor |
d. Ammonia vapor
|
|
|
True or False
Chlorine residuals in a distribution system should be taken at the furthest locations from the well or treatment plant. |
True
|
|
|
The desired amount of chlorine residual in a distribution system is:
a. 1.0 - 2.0 ppm free residual b. 0.2 - 0.5 ppm total residual c. 0.2 - 0.5 ppm free residual d. 0.5 - 1.0 ppm total residual |
c. 0.2 - 0.5 ppm free residual
|
|
|
True or False
Chlorine is safe if handled properly |
True
|
|
|
If you have a minimum free chlorine residual throughout your distribution system, you have:
a. Proper chloramine residual b. Overfed chlorine c. Breakpoint chlorination d. Monochloramine compound |
c. Breakpoint chlorination
|
|
|
When mixing solutions of acid and water together, liquid chlorine or fluoride, you should always mix the:
a. water to the acid b. acid to the water c. never mix together d. any order |
b. acid to the water
|
|
|
True or False
The PH of most natural waters is 6.5 - 7.5, chlorine is most effective at a higher PH. |
False
(The lower the PH, the better the disinfection) |
|
|
This species of chlorine is the most germicidal of all chlorine compounds with the possible exception of chlorine dioxide.
a. Hypochlorite Ion b. Elemental chlorine c. Hypochlorous acid d. Hypochloric acid |
c. Hypochlorous acid
|
|
|
What is the definition of an acidic solution?
a. a solution that has PH b. a solution that contains a significant number of H+ions c. any substance that releases hydrogen d. a solution that contains significant OH ions |
b. a solution that contains a significant number of H+ions
|
|
|
Which is a common test used to estimate the total bacterial population in water?
a. total coliform analyses b. presence-absence test c. a measurement of zeta potential d. heterotrophic plate count |
d. heterotrophic plate count
|
|
|
True or False
Suspended particles are caused by turbidity in water |
True
|
|
|
True or False
Records of action taken to correct violations must be kept for atleast 3 years. |
True
|
|
|
True or False
Chlorination equipment shall be capable of keeping a free chlorine residual of 2 ppm for at least 30 minutes in finished water at peak flow. |
True
|
|
|
True or False
Turbidity in drinking water may not exceed 0.5 NTU in 95% of samples each month. |
True
|
|
|
True or False
The door on the chlorine room should open outward and be equipped with panic hardware. |
True
|
|
|
A person drinking water containing a particular contaminant below this level over his or her life should experience no ill effects.
a. Treatment Technique Requirements (TTR) b. Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) c. Maximum Contaminent Level (MCL) d. None of the above |
b. Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG)
|
|
|
A person drinking water containing a particular contaminant above this level over their lifetime could experience ill effects. This would be an enforceable standard.
a. Treatment Technique Requirements (TTR) b. Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) c. Maximum Contaminent Level (MCL) d. None of the above |
c. Maximum Contaminent Level (MCL)
|
|
|
The Total Coliform Rule (TCR) for all water supplies sets the MCL at:
a. 10 b. 2 per sample c. Less than 100 d. None present |
d. None present
|
|
|
The number of samples collected for total colifom per month is based on:
a. how much water is pumped b. population served c. price per gallon d. district engineer |
b. population served
|
|
|
Samples for total bacteria should be collected at what points in the system?
a. end points b. Random representative samples c. city hall d. school |
b. Random representative samples
|
|
|
Total coliform samples should be analyzed by the lab within how many hours?
a. 10 b. 20 c. 30 d. 40 |
c. 30 hours
|
|
|
When coliform organisms are found in a routine sample, the water supplier must test for:
a. turbidity b. fecal and E coli c. hardness d. nitrates |
b. fecal and E coli
|
|
|
Results of bacteriological analysis must be kept for how many years?
a. 5 b. 15 c. 10 d. 100 |
a. 5
|
|
|
Which chemical is added to a distribution system to deal with dental issues?
a. chlorine b. phosphates c. fluoride d. silicates |
c. fluoride
|
|
|
What is the primary health risk associated with VOCs in the distribution system?
a. Blue baby syndrome b. cancer c. avian influenza d. intestinal disease |
b. cancer
|
|
|
True or False
Hydrogen sulfide gas can be dangerous if inhaled in even low concentrations. |
True
|
|
|
The Total Coliform Rule is based on the:
a. size of the coliform colony b. presence or absense of coliform c. number of coliform colonies d. All of the above |
b. presence or absense of coliform
|
|
|
How full do you fill a sample bottle when collecting a sample for bacteriological testing?
a. full to the top with no air bubbles b. half full c. within 1 inch of the top d. almost full |
c. within 1 inch of the top
|
|
|
Primary MCLs are related to which of the following water quality conditions?
a. appearance b. color and odor c. health effects d. all of the above |
c. health effects
|
|
|
True or False
Polymers must be approved for potable water use by the regulating agency. |
True
|
|
|
True Or False
Polymers do not consume alkalinity. |
True
|
|
|
Inorganic coagulants are the most expensive alternative.
|
False
|
|
|
Combination treatment units incorporate:
a. coagulation b. flocculation c. sedimentation d all of the above |
d all of the above
|
|
|
Sedimentation basins:
a. Are used in conventional treatment plants b. settle out the flocs c. proceed filtration d. all of the above |
d. all of the above
|
|
|
Design contact times for the flocculation process range from:
a. 15 minutes to 1 hour or more b. 1 - 4 hours c. 1 - 3 minutes d. over 12 hours |
a. 15 minutes to 1 hour or more
|
|
|
The flocculation process produces:
a. Microflocs b. Pinflocs c. None of the above |
b. Pinflocs
|
|
|
Flocculation is a:
a. slow mix process b. rapid mix process c. takes 1 - 4 minutes d. none of the above |
a. slow mix process
|
|
|
True or False
Coagulants are added to neutralize the charge carried by suspended solids. |
True
|
|
|
Most suspended particles possess a:
a. negative charge b. positive charge c. none of the above |
a. negative charge
|
|
|
Coagulation and flocculation processes are used to:
a. decrease water temperature b. soften water c. separate suspended solids from the water d. remove chlorine residual |
c. separate suspended solids from the water
|
|
|
True or False
Flow direction in a solids contact unit is usually downward similar to a clarifier. |
False
|
|
|
A solids contact unit combines:
a. coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation. b. sedimentation, flocculation, recarbination c. recarbination, coalulation, sedimentation d. none of the above |
a. coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation.
|
|
|
True or False
Sedimentation basins are almost always constructed in a circular shape. |
False
|
|
|
True or False
Sedimentation basins are commonly called clarifiers. |
True
|
|
|
A wier
a. controls the flow in a sedimentation tank. b. prevents solids from rising c. controls depth of water d. controls overflow rate e. all of the above |
e. all of the above
|
|
|
High velocities near the bottom of a sedimentation tank can:
a. Assist settling b. contribute to carryover of settled material. c. has no effect on tank d. all of the above |
b. contribute to carryover of settled material.
|
|
|
True of False
Currents in a sedimentation tank can be beneficial in a sedimentation tank. |
True
|
|
|
Sedimentation tanks are divided into 3 zones"
a. Ozone, inlet zone, sludge zone. b. Solids zone, sludge zone, outlet zone. c. Inlet zone, settling zone, sludge zone. |
c. Inlet zone, settling zone, sludge zone.
|
|
|
What can be done to eliminate short circuiting of a tank?
a. increase water velocity. b. Install baffles. c. all of the above d. none of the above |
b. Install baffles.
|
|
|
When water temperature decreases
a. settling increases b. settling decreases c. detention time may be increased d. none of the above |
b. settling decreases
|
|
|
True or False
All particles have a slight electrical charge. |
True
|
|
|
Factors that affect sedimentation are:
a. particle size b. particle density c. keeping water velocity the same d. all of the above |
d. all of the above
|
|
|
Sedimentation is accomplished by:
a. increasing water velocity. b. decreasing water velocity c. keeping the water velocity the same d. velocity has no relevance to sedimentation. |
b. decreasing water velocity
|
|
|
Sedimentation is the process of letting materials:
a. float b. suspend c. settle d. none of the above |
c. settle
|
|
|
True or False
Iron removal filters are designed to be backwashed based solely on headloss through the filter. |
False
|
|
|
Potassium permanganate would be the most effective oxidizing agent when you have high levels of:
a. iron b. magnesium c. manganese d. calcium |
c. manganese
|
|
|
The most common and affordable method for oxidizing iron and manganese before filtration is:
a. potassium permanganate b. chlorine c. PH adjustment d. aeration |
d. aeration
|
|
|
Methods for controlling iron and manganese in the distribution system include which of the following:
a. searching for alternative water source b. addition of polyphosphates c. oxidation and removal of iron and manganese d. all of the above |
d. all of the above
|
|
|
Polyphosphates are only effective in masking or (sequestering) iron and manganese in what chemical state?
a. ferrous and manganous b. ferric and mananic |
a. ferrous and manganous
|
|
|
What is the secondary standard for manganese under (SDWA)?
a. 1.5 ppm b. 0.5 ppm c. .05 ppm d. 1.0 ppm |
c. .05 ppm
|
|
|
What is the secondary standard set by the SDWA for iron in parts per million?
a. .75ppm b. .03ppm c. 0.3ppm d. 0.5ppm |
c. 0.3ppm
|
|
|
Iron bacteria which can be a product of high iron levels in a distribution system can be controlled by:
a. hydrofluoric acid b. polymers c. chlorination d. flushing |
c. chlorination
|
|
|
True or False
Iron and manganese can have adverse health |
False
|
|
|
Which test is not included in testing for water quality by an ion exchange softener?
a. Total hardness of the raw and treated water. b. Alkalinity c. Langelier index d. chloride concentration in rinsewater. |
b. Alkalinity
|
|
|
The compound used in ion exchange water softener is called___.
a. sodium chloride b. ferric chloride c. calcium hypochlorite d. magnesium bicarbonate |
a. sodium chloride
|
|
|
Softener media most commonly used are called___.
a. activated carbon b. filer sand c. gravel d. synthetic zeolite |
d. synthetic zeolite
|
|
|
In ion exchange, calcium and magnesium ions are replaced by __ ions.
a. nitrogen b. sodium c. hydrogen d. carbon |
b. sodium ions
|
|
|
A water softener method used extensively in smaller water systems:
a. filtration b. oxidation c. alkalinity removal d. ion exchange |
d. ion exchange
|
|
|
Which chemical is used to lower alkalinity?
a. Hydrate lime b. carbon dioxide c. calcium hypochlorite d. sodium aluminate |
b. carbon dioxide
|
|
|
Which chemical is used to increase alkalinity?
a. Aluminum sulfate b. chlorine gas c. caustic soda d. sulfuric acid |
c. caustic soda
|
|
|
Proper lime doses are determined by using the__ test.
a. softening test b. magnesium test c. bacteria test d. jar test |
d. jar test
|
|
|
Detention time in a settling tank following flocculation is:
a. 3 - 4 hours b. 1.5 - 3 hours c. minimum 15 minutes d. 4 - 5 hours |
b. 1.5 - 3 hours
|
|
|
Minimum retention time in a flocculator is:
a. 60 minutes b. 10 minutes c. 30 minutes d. 90 minutes |
c. 30 minutes
|
|
|
If volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) are detected, sampling must be conducted:
a. biannually b. quarterly c. monthly d. annually |
b. quarterly
|
|
|
Final determination of vulnerbility is made by:
a. private contractor / consultants b. the water supplier c. all answers apply d. the primary agency |
d. the primary agency
|
|
|
According to the lead and copper rule, the action level for the 90th percentile lead level is:
a. 0.030 mg/L b. 0.015 mg/L c. 0.005 mg/L d. 0.050 mg/L |
b. 0.015 mg/L
|
|
|
Reaching or exceeding an action level:
a. triggers a boil-water notice. b. triggers the initiation of a treatment technique. c. means a utility must test further to determine exactly what and how much is in the water. d. can only be determined by the treatment plant. |
b. triggers the initiation of a treatment technique.
|
|
|
How many negative coliform samles are required to pass a new water main?
a. one b. two c. three d. four |
b. two
|
|
|
Two pumps of the same flow capacity and pressure rating that are piped in series would result in:
a. double the flow, same head. b. double the discharge head c. double the flow and head d. heating of the pumps |
b. double the discharge head
|
|
|
Booster pumps are normally used for which situation?
a. pump water from plant to distribution system. b. increase water pressure in the distribution system. c. pump water from the source to the plant. |
b. increase water pressure in the distribution system.
|
|
|
When do pumps and motors in a water system need maintenance?
a. on a regular basis b. never needs to be done c. only when it breaks down |
a. on a regular basis
|
|
|
Positive displacement pumps are commonly used to produce what?
a. higher pressure b. lower pressure c. not used in water |
a. higher pressure
|
|
|
In selecting a pump which one piece of information is needed?
a. draw down b. static discharge head c. total dynamic head |
c. total dynamic head
|
|
|
Which of the following may be found on a pump curve?
a. size of impeller b. where pump was made c. which type of fluid can be pumped |
a. size of impeller
|
|
|
True or False
1 foot of water = 0.433 psi |
True
|
|
|
When is a hydroneumatic pressure tank generally used?
a. to maintain pressure in a smaller water system. b. to provide pressure for fire protection. c. to maintain pressure for large water systems. d. to maintain pressure in a medium sized water system. |
a. to maintain pressure in a smaller water system.
|
|
|
What type of valve is usually installed on a storage reservoir to prevent overflows?
a. regulating valve b. altitude valve c. limiting valve d. globe valve |
b. altitude valve
|
|
|
Which one would be a good example of a vertical turbine pump?
a. centrifugal pump b. positive displacement pump c. chemical feed pump |
a. centrifugal pump
|
|
|
Softening is the process of removing__.
a. Iron and Manganese b. Hydrogen Sulfide c. Impurities d. Hardness |
d. Hardness
|
|
|
Hardness of water is mainly caused by the presence of__.
a. lime and soda ash b. arsenic c. iron and manganese d. calcium and magnesium |
d. calcium and magnesium
|
|
|
One method of softening public water supplies is:
a. chemical precipitation b. iron removal filters c. iron and manganese d. pretreatment |
a. chemical precipitation
|
|
|
Lime and soda ash are twi chemicals used in__.
a. disinfection b. sequestaion c. chemical precipitation d. filtration |
c. chemical precipitation
|
|
|
Flocculation is usually followed by:
a. Chlorination b. Filtration c. Ionization d. Sedimentation |
d. Sedimentation
|
|
|
The type of fire extinguisher needed for wood, paper, textiles and similar fires:
a. Class A b. Class B c. Class C d. Any of the above |
a. Class A
|
|
|
True or False
One horsepower (HP) is defined as 33,000 ft-lbs per minute or 746 watts. |
True
|
|
|
Static head is defined as the:
a. pressure created by the atmosphere. b. the energy of motion of the water. c. pressure due to depth or elevation of water. d. pressure loss in a waterline due to friction. |
c. pressure due to depth or elevation of water.
|
|
|
What is the term used for electrical pressure that causes current to flow through wires?
a. amperage b. wattage c. voltage d. ohms |
c. voltage
|
|
|
What is the term used to describe how hard the electricity is working?
a. amperage b. wattage c. voltage d. ohms |
a. amperage
|
|
|
Direct current that is used in a water system:
a. flows in one direction only b. flows in any direction c. is equal to the amount of electricity used d. never has a positive or negative point |
a. flows in one direction only
|
|
|
Alternating current that is used in a water system:
a. flows in one direction only b. flows in any direction c. is equal to the amount of electricity used d. never has a positive or negative point |
b. flows in any direction
|
|
|
A voltage tester can be used to test for:
a. blown fuses b. open circuits c. voltage d. all of the above |
d. all of the above
|
|
|
The purpose of the "Lock Out Tag Out" system is to:
a. prevent equipment from being operated b. keep people out of the electrical room c. lock a specific device so that it is not stolen d. prevent theft |
a. prevent equipment from being operated
|
|
|
The most accurate way to deliver accurate volumes of a sample is to use:
a. a beaker b. a graduated cylinder c. a pipette d. a flask |
c. a pipette
|
|
|
What mineral is found in water that causes blackish staining of fixtures?
a. Manganese b. Iron c. Rock salt |
a. Manganese
|
|
|
When a person or article talks about VOC chemicals in water, what do the letters "VOC" stand for?
a. Very Ordinary Chemicals b. Volatile Organic Chemicals c. Very Old Chemicals |
b. Volatile Organic Chemicals
|
|
|
True or False
There is more dissolved oxygen in cold water than in warm. |
True
|
|
|
Excessive amounts of fluoride in drinking water can cause:
a dysentery b. pipe corrosion c. mottling of teeth d. memory loss |
c. mottling of teeth
|
|
|
Which of the following can be used to measure corrosion tendencies?
a. corrosion coupons, orthophosphate and iron concentrations. b. Henry's constant, mean velocity gradient and nitrate. c. CT, K factor and sulfate concentration. d. Manganese concentration, magnesium rid testing and fluoride concentration |
a. corrosion coupons, orthophosphate and iron concentrations.
|
|
|
A portion of cast iron pipe, after 5 years of use, shows a white colored scale 1/2 inch thick on the inside pipe walls. This means that:
a. water has been corrosive b. the water has been chemically unstable and depositing calcium carbonate. c. C-factor should increase due to lining effect. d. red water will soon become a problem |
b. the water has been chemically unstable and depositing calcium carbonate.
|
|
|
Brake horsepower is:
a. the power delivered by the motor to the pump. b. the power delivered by the pump. c. always greater than the motor horsepower. d. always less than the motor horsepower. |
a. the power delivered by the motor to the pump.
|
|
|
The velocity of flow in water mains is directly related to the__.
a. flow rate in GPM and cross sectional area of the pipe. b. C-factor and type of pipe. c. dynamic pressure head and water velocity. d. specific gravity and density of water. |
a. flow rate in GPM and cross sectional area of the pipe.
|
|
|
What would the wire to water efficiency be on a pump that had water horsepower of 22 and motor horsepower of 28?
a. 89% b. 79% c. 99% d. 69% |
b. 79%
22x100=2200 2200 divided by 28= 78.5 (79% rounded) |
|
|
A dynamic suction lift plus dynamic discharge head of a pump is equal to the
a. total level b. total dynamic head c. dynamic suction head d. total static head |
b. total dynamic head
|
|
|
How is velocity of water normally expressed?
a. feet per minute b. gallons per minute c. liters per inch d. feet per second |
d. feet per second
|
|
|
What are the "Action Levels" for lead and copper within a distribution system?
a. 0.015 mg/L for lead, 1.3 mg/L for copper b. 0.015 mg/L for copper, 1.3 mg/L for lead c. 0.15 mg/L for lead, 13 mg/L for copper |
a. 0.015 mg/L for lead, 1.3 mg/L for copper
|
|
|
If water has a PH of below 6.2 it could indicate what?
a. corrosive water b. high levels of dissolved solids c. high alkalinity d. high temperature |
a. corrosive water
|
|
|
If 5.0 mg/L of chlorine is added to water and the free chlorine residual of 2.3 mg/L is maintained after 60 minutes, the CT at that point is
a. 22.6 mg/L - minutes b. 350.6 mg/L - minutes c. 138 mg/L - minutes d. 258 mg/L - minutes |
c. 138 mg/L - minutes
2.3 x 60=138 |
|
|
If an operator discovers a chlorine leak at the tank, the operator should
a. crawl out of the room ASAP b. keep head as high as possible, hold breath, leave the room and get help. c. pull shirt over head, hold breath and leave. d. seal the leak with ammonia vapor |
b. keep head as high as possible, hold breath, leave the room and get help.
|
|
|
Chlorine gas is
a. lighter than air b. the same weight as air c. heavier than air |
c. heavier than air
|
|
|
True or False
The period of time of lowest water consumption for most water utilities in warmer climates is from October to April |
True
|
|
|
The free chlorine residual in water is the amount of
a. chlorine applied as measured in mg/L b. chlorine in raw water c. chlorides in water d. uncombined chlorine that remains in the water after the chlorine has been applied and allowed to react. |
d. uncombined chlorine that remains in the water after the chlorine has been applied and allowed to react.
|
|
|
True or False
Reducing the electric current and water surge on start up can be done by starting the pump with the discharge valve closed or throttled and then opening the discharge valve slowly as soon as the pump is running. |
True
|
|
|
The difference between the amount of chlorine added to water and the amount of residual chlorine remaining at the end of a specified period is
a. the dosage b. free available chlorine c. chlorine residual d. chlorine demand |
d. chlorine demand
|
|
|
What is the number of total coliform samples collected each month in a distribution system based on?
a. type of water source used b. type of water treatment used c. amount of water purchased d. population served |
d. population served
|
|
|
If a routine sample is found to contain total coliform, which of the following actions must be taken?
a. run the HPC or ONPG test b. run the SPC or HPC test c. run EMB or ONPG test d. run the fecal coliform or E-coli test |
d. run the fecal coliform or E-coli test
|
|
|
Drought contingency plans should be reviewed and revised at least
a. quaterly b. monthly c. yearly d. semi-annually |
c. yearly
|
|
|
The hydraulic grade line always slopes
a. downward in the direction of the flow b. upward in the direction of the flow c. downward against the flow d. upward against the flow |
a. downward in the direction of the flow
|
|
|
What is a safe minimum chlorine residual in a distribution system?
a. 0.3 mg/L b. 0.5 mg/L c. 0.05 mg/L d. 0.2 mg.L |
d. 0.2 mg.L
|
|
|
Water treatment plants can also minimize taste and odor problems by maintaining an adequate
a. chlorine residual b. recirculation rates c. positive pressure d. pump maintenance program |
a. chlorine residual
|
|
|
A valve which is activated by water pressure from a reservoir to close automatically when the reservoir is full is
a. a pressure reducing valve b. a pressure relief valve c. an air and vacuum valve d. an altitude valve |
d. an altitude valve
|
|
|
If preventing measures used on the water sources are ineffective, the taste and odor must be controlled
a. underground b. at the treatment plant c. at the reservoir d. at the recirculation in the reservoir |
b. at the treatment plant
|
|
|
What involves the prevention of contaminants from entering the groundwater source?
a. fencing b. well head protection c. gates d. aqua defender |
b. well head protection
|
|
|
Water that has a rotten egg smell usually has a high amount of
a. sulfer b. hydrogen sulfide c. Iron magus d. magnesium |
b. hydrogen sulfide
|
|
|
Most taste and odors in surface water are derived from algae blooms and are
a.organic b. inorganic |
a.organic
|
|
|
If the water taste changes the customer will call the supplier and complain that the water is
a. not worth paying for b. contaminated c. not good enough for minnows d. making him sick |
b. contaminated
|
|
|
Typically water system customers judge the quality of water by
a. color b. taste c. asthetics d. all of the above |
d. all of the above
|
|
|
True or False
The total coliform group of bacteria is found in the soil and in the waste of warm-blooded animals. |
True
|
|
|
Any routine or repeat samples that are found to be positive for total coliform bacteria must be analyzed for
a.iron b. chlorine residual c. E-coli or fecal coliform d. sodium thiosulfate |
c. E-coli or fecal coliform
|
|
|
True or False
When taking a sample for bacteria analysis, it's advisable to take a hot water sample and let the water run for 5 - 6 minutes. |
False
|
|
|
Sodium thiosulfate is used in water sample bottles to
a. sterilize the sample container b. oxidize iron c. oxidize manganese d. neutralize the chlorine in the water sample |
d. neutralize the chlorine in the water sample
|
|
|
The ___ group of bacteria is an indicator that one or more pathogens may be present in the drinking water.
a. total colilert b. total cholera c. total coliform |
c. total coliform
|
|
|
True or False
Disease producing organisms in water are also known as waterborne pathogens. |
True
|
|
|
Any water with a chlorine residual of __ mg/L or more must be diluted with water or properly neutralized before being discharged into the environment
a. 10mg/L b. 2mg/L c 7mg/L |
b. 2mg/L
|
|
|
Which of the following statement is true?
a. protozoans are multi-celled organisms that are only found in fresh water lakes. b. If ingested all kids of bacteria will cause health effects in humans. c. Viruses are the smallest living organism capable of producing infection and cause disease in humans. d. Sulfur bacteria is directly associated with contaminants from animal and human waste. |
c. Viruses are the smallest living organism capable of producing infection and cause disease in humans.
|
|
|
In selecting the type of chemical to use when treating water hardness, if the carbonate hardness is high, this chemical would be chosen to remove hardness.
a. ammonia b. lime c. Fluorosilicic acid d. sodium hypochlorite |
b. lime
|
|
|
True or False
The system operator should choose the chemical to remove water hardness based on whether or not the hardness is mostly carbonate or non-carbonate. |
True
|
|
|
Carbonate and non-carbonate are two classifications of
a. well water in a system b. filtration done at the plant c. water hardness d. duel water mains supplying a soft drink plant |
c. water hardness
|
|
|
True or False
Hardness in water is caused by significant amounts of calcium and manganese components. |
False
(Hardness in water is caused by significant amounts of calcium or magnesium components.) |
|
|
Which of the following is a true statement regarding PH and drinking water?
a. PH is measured on a scale of 1 to 10. b. The normal PH drinking water range is 7 to 9.5 c. Water that is above 7.0 is acidic. d. PH is the measurement of water's hydrogen ion concentration. |
d. PH is the measurement of water's hydrogen ion concentration.
|
|
|
Which of the following statements is not a concern relating to turbidity (or cloudiness) of drinking water?
a. Turbidity in water makes it less appealing to people. b. Organic chemicals causing turbidity can interact which can result in potentially harmful substances. c. Turbidity is difficult and expensive to detect with regular lab testing. d. Turbidity in water may protect bacteria. |
c. Turbidity is difficult and expensive to detect with regular lab testing.
|
|
|
A chlorine room shall have an exhaust ventilation fan that provides how many air exchanges per minute?
a. 1 b. 5 c. 10 d. 12 |
a. 1
|
|
|
When hydrofluosilicic acid is used, the point of application in a horizontal pipe shall be in which part of the pipe?
a. upper b. lower c. somewhere down stream d. middle |
b. lower
|
|
|
The major filter problem(s) that may occur:
a. chemical treatment before filter b. control of filter flow rate c. back washing d. All of the above |
d. All of the above
|
|
|
A normal backwash rate is __ of filter surface area.
a. 6 - 10 gpm per square foot b. 10 - 14 gpm per square foot c. 12 - 15 gpm per square foot d. 16 - 18 gpm per square foot |
c. 12 - 15 gpm per square foot
|
|
|
Name the steps involved in filter operation.
a. filtering b. backwashing c. filter to waste d. All of the above |
d. All of the above
|
|
|
True or False
Filtration rates are different for gravity and pressure filters. |
False
|
|
|
High rate filters operate __ times that of rapid sand filters.
a. 1 - 2 b. 3 - 4 c. 5 - 6 d. 6 - 7 |
b. 3 - 4
|
|
|
True or False
The filter sand used in rapid sand filters is manufactured specifically for the purpose of water filtration. |
True
|
|
|
Rapid sand filters can accommodate filter rates __ times those of slow sand filters.
a. 2 b. 5 c. 40 d. 100 |
c. 40
|
|
|
Filters are classified by:
a. filtration area b. filter media c. type of operation d. All of the above |
d. All of the above
|
|
|
Hydrogen sulfide in water is a common problem and a common method of removing it from water is:
a. filtration b. lime c. settling d. aeration |
d. aeration
|
|
|
The following are examples of an aeration treatment process.
a. diffused b. spraying cascade trays c. mechanical d. tower type e. All of the above |
e. All of the above
|
|
|
One of the most common methods for measuring the odor in water is:
a. boiling it b. atomic absorption c. threshold odor test d. chlorine test |
c. threshold odor test
|
|
|
What gas or chemical can be removed by aeration, realizing that explosiveness is the largest danger?
a. iron b. magnesium c. chlorine d. methane |
d. methane
|
|
|
When dissolved in water methane gas from decomposition of organic matter tastes like
a. cinnamon b. licorice c. garlic d. rotten egg |
c. garlic
|
|
|
The most common treatment for water that has rotten egg smell is
a. aeration b. lime c. Aim d. filtration |
a. aeration
|
|
|
Algae are simple forms of plant life that exist in relatively clean water, are widely distributed in nature and usually present in lakes, ponds and streams. The most common types that cause taste and odors are:
a. cyanophyceae and diatomaceae b. chlorophyceae c. All of the above |
c. All of the above
|
|
|
Polyphosphates are designed to sequester iron levels up to __ ppm effectively.
a. 0.3ppm b. 3.0ppm c. 30ppm d. none of the above |
a. 0.3ppm
|
|
|
Polymer is used as a filter aid because it creates strong bonds with the floc...
a. but cannot have neither positive or negative charges. b. and can have positive charges but cannot have negative charges. c. and can have positive and negative charges. d. can only have negative charges |
c. and can have positive and negative charges.
|
|
|
Switches for the lights and fan of a chemical feed room should be located
a. at the control center b. outside the room door and also at the inspection window. c. just outside the main entrance d. in the foreman's office. |
b. outside the room door and also at the inspection window.
|
|
|
What is the maximum contaminant level for total trihalomethanes?
a. 0.0155 mg/L b. 0.1000 mg/L c. 0.13 mg/L d. 1.3 mg/L |
b. 0.1000 mg/L
|
|
|
A typical method of testing fluoride concentration is the __ method.
a. DPD b. FLOUJ c. STS d. SPADNS |
d. SPADNS
|
|
|
Fluoride should enter the __ of the discharge pipe.
a. upper half b. upper side c. at the top d. lower half |
d. lower half
|
|
|
In order to prevent against indoor acid fumes and electrical corrosion, __ is used
a. break box b. ventilation c. dilution d. weak solution |
b. ventilation
|
|
|
The piece of safety equipment NOT needed when working with fluoride is
a. Neoprene apron b. Gloves c. Safety glasses d. Safety vest |
d. Safety vest
|
|
|
Fluoride concentration must be checked
a. weekly b. monthly c. daily d. bi-weekly |
c. daily
|
|
|
In order to prevent the over feeding of fluoride, this device is required
a. weigh scale b. break box c. check valve d. foot valve |
b. break box
|
|
|
The average level of fluoride concentration in water supplies is
a.2.4 ppm b. 0.5 ppm c. 1.7 ppm d. 1.2 ppm |
d. 1.2 ppm
|
|
|
What is the oldest type of aerators?
a. cascade aerators b. cone aerators c. slat and coke aerators d. draft aerators e. spray aerators |
a. cascade aerators
|
|
|
Methane gas can be removed in water by what method?
a. filtration b. burning c. aeration |
c. aeration
|
|
|
When __ aeration is used, it should be screened to protect it from incects.
a. cascade b. cone c. spray d. natural |
d. natural
|
|
|
When forced air is used, the air __ shall be screened.
a. outlet b. inlet c. outlet and inlet d. none of the above |
c. outlet and inlet
|
|
|
The efficiency of the water aeration process depends on what?
a. the amount of pressure in the air before it's added. b. the amount of surface contact between the air and water. c. the PH of the water before aeration. |
b. the amount of surface contact between the air and water.
|
|
|
Safe lab practices include..
a. adding acide to water b. wearing personal protective equipment. c. eating in the lab d. All except c |
d. All except c
|
|
|
There are several methods for disinfecting water, which of the following are widely used in drinking water applications?
a. ozonation and Iodine b. Chlorine and Bromine c. Ultraviolet and potassium permanganate. d. Overliming and copper sulfate |
b. Chlorine and Bromine
|
|
|
True or False
Chlorine gas will have an amber color when exposed to air. |
False
|
|
|
The recommended location for the exhaust fan suction point in a chlorine room is close to the...
a. exit door b. ceiling c. floor d. tank |
c. floor
|
|
|
Chlorine gas is..
a. 2 times lighter than air b. the same weight as air c. 2.5 times heavier than air d. none of the above |
c. 2.5 times heavier than air
|
|
|
Which of the following elements will create chloramines when chloride is added to water?
a. Ferrous iron b. ammonia c. hydrogen sulfide d. manganese |
b. ammonia
|
|
|
If complaints are coming on chlorine smell in the drinking water you would typically
a. turn the chorine down to a lower residual. b. turn the chlorine up to reach break point chlorination. c. flush hydrants d. back wash filters |
b. turn the chlorine up to reach break point chlorination.
|
|
|
True or False
Gas chlorine cylinders should be located directly in front of heaters to prevent cylinders from freezing up. |
False
|
|
|
The fusible plug on 150 pound cylinders is designed to melt out and relieve pressure in the cylinder to prevent rupture at this temperature
a. 100 - 130 F b. 210 - 212 F c. 136 - 155 F d. 158 - 165 F |
d. 158 - 165 F
|
|
|
True or False
Combined chlorine residuals are the most effective at controlling disease causing bacteria. |
False
|
|
|
When replacing gas chlorine cylinders proper care should be taken to check for leaks using this method.
a. vinegar vapor b. sense of smell c. soap bubbles d. ammonia vapor |
d. ammonia vapor
|
|
|
True or False
Chlorine residuals in a distribution system should be taken at the furthest locations from the well or treatment plant. |
True
|
|
|
The desired amount of chlorine residual in a distribution system is
a. 1.0 - 2.0 ppm free residual b. 0.2 - 0.5 ppm total residual c. 0.2 - 0.5 ppm free residual d. 0.5 - 1.0 ppm total residual |
c. 0.2 - 0.5 ppm free residual
|
|
|
If you have a minimum free chlorine residual throughout your distribution system you have
a. proper chloramine residual b. overfed chlorine c. breakpoint chlorination d. monochloramine compound |
c. breakpoint chlorination
|
|
|
When mixing solutions of acid and water together, liquid chlorine or fluoride, you should mix the..
a. water to acid b. acid to water c. never mix together d. any order |
b. acid to water
|
|
|
True or False
The PH of most natural waters is 6.5 - 7.5. Chlorine is most effective at a higher PH. |
False
(The lower the PH, the better the disinfection) |
|
|
This species of chlorine is the most germicidal of ALL chlorine compounds with the possible exception of chlorine dioxide.
a. hypochlorite ion b. elemental chlorine c. hypochlorous acid d. hypochloric acid |
c. hypochlorous acid
|
|
|
The critical PH level considered in lead corrosion is
a. 7 b. 8 c. 9 d. 10 |
b. 8
|
|
|
The langelier index is a way to measure
a. the coating ability of water b. the aggressiveness of water c. All of the above d. none of the above |
c. All of the above
|
|
|
Preventing corrosion includes
a. PH adjustment b. chemical inhibitors c. electrochemical measures d. all of the above e. none of the above |
d. all of the above
|
|
|
True or False
Phosphate addition prevents corrosion by laying down a film on the inside of a pipe and preventing contact of an aggressive water with the pipe. |
True
|
|
|
Waters with a high alkalinity and a PH of 8 can
a. cause corrosion b. plug pipes over time c. have no affect on pipe d. none of the above |
b. plug pipes over time
|
|
|
Common chemical inhibitors used in corrosion control practices include:
a. polyphosphates b. Orthophosphates c. silicates d. ortho-poly-blends e. all of the above f. none of the above |
e. all of the above
|
|
|
What happens when lime is fed to water for corrosion control?
a. alkalinity is decreased b. PH is increased c. Co2 does not change d. turbidity is decreased |
b. PH is increased
|
|
|
For public water systems using surface water and groundwater under the influence of surface water turbidity must be measured atleast
a. monthly b. every four hours c. daily d, weekly |
b. every four hours
|
|
|
Hardness in water is caused by
a. chloride and fluoride b. sodium an potassium c. alum d. calcium and magnesium |
d. calcium and magnesium
|
|
|
What is the definaition of an acidic solution?
a. a solution that has PH b. a solution that contains significant numbers of H+ions. c. any substance that releases hydrogen ions when mixed into water. d. a solution that contains sigificant OH ions |
b. a solution that contains significant numbers of H+ions.
|
|
|
Which is the common test used to estimate the total bacterial population in water?
a. Total Coliform Analysis b. Presence-absence test c. A measurement of zeta potential d. Heterotrophic plate count |
d. Heterotrophic plate count
|
