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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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War of 1812
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- In 1812 the Napoleonic Wars triggered a conflict in North America
- As part of its war against France, Britain shut down trade between France and the US - It blocked American ships from landing at French ports - The British Navy began to board American ships looking for British deserters - To retaliate, the US declared war on the closest piece of British controlled territory in 1812- British North America (Canada) |
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French Revolution
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In 1789 France had revolution. Louis the 16th, his queen Antoinetter were beheaded by Guillotine. France changed from a Monarchy to a Republic – a system of government that does not have a monarch (usually a democracy).
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British North America Prepares for War
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1811, Major General Sir Isaac Brock begam necessary changes to the military.
- Enhanced training for soldiers - Strengthen and reinforce defences across Upper and Lower Canada - Priority to establish relationships with various First Nations - Worked closely with First Nations leader, Tecumseh |
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American Perspective
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- The Americans hoped that the people living in British North America would not oppose to their takeover plans
- In July 1812, the Americans invaded Upper Canada - General William Hull was their leader |
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Canadien Perspective and Position
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- Thought Canadiens might rise up against British rule (didn't happen)
- Catholic Church opposed republican government - Encourage the Canadiens to fight for Britain - If attack succeeded Americans could have won war - Montreal was a cruscial supply and communications link between Upper and Lower Canada |
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Napolean Bonaparte
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- French general
- Very successful in defending the French republic - Know for being military genuis, great leader, strong cultural figure and icon - Original supporter of a French republic in 1804 he crowned himslef Napoleon 1- Emperor of France |
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The Americans Invade
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- Americans hoped that people living in British North America
would not oppose their takeover - Some American settlers un Upper Canada choose to support the US invasion but other decided to not take sides - Most American born settlers were concerned with damage to their land - Many Canadiens decided to fight for Britain - In 1 of the key battles the Canadien militia called the Voltigeurs aided the British and fought off an American attack on Montreal |
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The Ending of the War
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- Ended in 1815
- British defend British North America from American invasions - Both sides qual no side won - US and Britain came to terms through Treaty of Ghent in December 1814 - Napoleonic wars came to an end in 1815 with Napoleon's defeat at Waterloo, Belium |
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Upper Canada Perspective and Position
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- Many expressed strong support for Britain and strong opposition to American plans
- 1812 population of Upper Canada included many American-born settlers - Some American settlers chose to support the U.S invasion - Encouraged immigrants from Britain to settle in Upper Canada offered plots of land British soldiers as a way of defend the colony if the Americans decided to invade again |
