Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
apoA-I
|
present in both HDL and CMs
major HDL apoprotein |
|
|
apoB-100
|
present in VLDL, LDL, IDL, and HDL
ligand for LDL-R for plasma clearance |
|
|
only apoprotein of LDL
|
apoB-100
|
|
|
apoE
|
in CMs, VLDL, IDL, and HDL
ligand of LDL-R and LDL-R-related protein for plasma clearance |
|
|
flow of cholesterol
|
diet --> CM --> liver --> VLDL --> IDL --> LDL --> peripheral tissues
|
|
|
LPL
|
degradation of TG circulating in CMs and VLDLs
|
|
|
LCAT
|
catalyzes esterification of cholesterol
|
|
|
CETP
|
mediates transfer of cholesterol esters to other lipoprotein particles
|
|
|
total cholesterol levels
|
desirable < 200
borderline to high 200-239 high >240 |
|
|
LDL levels
|
desirable <130
bl to high 130-159 high >160 |
|
|
HDL levels
|
>40 for men
>50 for women |
|
|
Triglyceride levels
|
desirable <120
bl to high 120-199 high >200 |
|
|
7alpha-hydroxylase
|
intrahepatic conversion of cholesterol to bile acids
|
|
|
statins
|
competitive inhibitors of HMG-CoA-reductase
|
|
|
Statin catabolism
|
CYP450 3A4- atorvastatin, lovastatin, and simvastatin
CYP2C9- fluvastatin and rosuvastatin |
|
|
statin MOA
|
reduce LDL, VLDL, and IDL
|
|
|
statin SEs
|
hepatotoxicity
myopathy |
|
|
statin drug interactions
|
gemfibrozil inhibits hepatic uptake
CYP inhibitors and inducers |
|
|
bile acid-binding resins
|
colestipol
cholestyramine colesevelam |
|
|
resin MOA
|
sequester bile acids from reabsorption, increase LDL-R
|
|
|
Resin SEs
|
bloating, constipation, heartburn, and diarrhea
|
|
|
resin interactions
|
prevents absportion of certain drugs
|
|
|
ezetimibe MOA
|
inhibits intestinal cholesterol absorption
upregulates LDL-R and cholesterol biosynthesis reduces LDL-C by 15-20% |
|
|
ezetimibe contraindications
|
can't be taken with resins
|
|
|
Niacin MOA
|
decreases lipolysis which decreases transport of FFAs to liver
reduces TG syn. enhances LPL activity raises HDL-C upregulates CD36 and ABCA1 |
|
|
Niacin SEs
|
flushing and dyspepsia, hepatotoxicity, hyperglycemia,
elevates uric acid, birth defects |
|
|
Fibric acid derivatives
|
clofibrate
gemfibrozil fenofibrate |
|
|
Fibrate MOA
|
activates PPAR-alpha which lowers VLDL and increases HDL
|
|
|
Fibrate SEs
|
gemfibrozil increases risk of myopathy when combined with statins
potentiates anti-coag effects |
|
|
lithogenicity
|
clofibrate
|
|
|
statins
|
decrease LDL and VLDL
|
|
|
resin
|
decrease LDL
increases VLDL |
|
|
ezetimibe
|
decreases LDL
|
|
|
niacin
|
increases HDL
decreases LDL, VLDL, and Lp(a) |
|
|
fibrates
|
increase HDL
decrease VLDL |
|
|
only drug to decrease Lp(a)
|
niacin
|
|
|
combo of fibrates and resins
|
increased risk of gallstones
|
