W1D1 - Embryology - Body Cavities

Front 1

During what week do the body cavities begin to form? what structure/space is seen?

Back 1

4th week, intraembryonic coelom

Front 2

What is the U-shaped space seen during body cavity developmen?

Back 2

the intraembryonic coelom

Front 3

What does the intraembryonic coelom give rise to?

Back 3

The pericardial cavity, pleural cavity, and peritoneal cavity

Front 4

Where is the septum transversum located during the 4th week?

Back 4

cephalically, from superior to inferiore: septum transversum, pericardial coelom/developing heart, oropharyngeal membrane, and then developing brain.

Front 5

The intracellular clefts that create the intraembryonic coelom are formed in what mesoderm?

Back 5

lateral plate mesoderm

Front 6

What is intraembryonic (or extra) parietal lateral plate mesoderm analgous to?

Back 6

SOMATIC lat. plate mesoderm.

Front 7

What is the Visceral lat. plate mesoderm analgous to?

Back 7

SPLANCHNIC lat. plate mesoderm

Front 8

When the overlying structure; ectoderm is 'combined' with the parietal lat. plate mesoderm what is this called?

Back 8

somatopleure

Front 9

what is the endoderm + splanchnic late. plate called?

Back 9

splanchnopleure

Front 10

Cells of the somatic mesoderm lining the intraembryonic cavity become mesothelial and form the __ layer of the serous membranes lining the outside of th periotneal, pleural and pericardial cavities.

Back 10

PARIETAL

Front 11

Cells of the __________ mesoderm layer form the visceral layer of the serous membranes covering the abdominal organs, lungs and heart.

Back 11

splanchnic mesoderm layer

Front 12

Visceral and Parietal layers are continous with each other as the ____ _____.

Back 12

dorsal mesentery; suspends the gut tube in the peritoneal cavity.

Front 13

__________ __________ exists only from the caudal forgut to the upper portion of the duodenum and results from thinning of the mesoderm of the Septum transversum.

Back 13

Ventral mesentery.

Front 14

The dorsal and ventral mesentery are ______ layer(s) of peritoneum that provide a pathway for blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics to the organs.

Back 14

double

Front 15

The __________ ___________ is a thick plate of mesodermal tissue occupying the space between the thoracic cavity and the stalk of the yolk sac.

Back 15

septum transversum

Front 16

What are the large openings left because the septum transversum is not connected with the posterior portion of the thoracic and abdominal cavities?

Back 16

pericardioperitoneal canals - on each side of the foregut.

Front 17

In what space do the lung buds expand?

Back 17

in the pericardioperitoneal canals

Front 18

When the pericardioperitoneal canals are too small for the large expansion of the lungs where do they go and what are they found posterior to?

Back 18

in the the mesenchyme of the body wall dorsallly, laterall, and ventrally. - ventral and lateral expansion is posterior to the pleuropericardial folds.

Front 19

The pleuroperitoneal membranes are extensions of what?

Back 19

pleuropericardial folds.

Front 20

What do the pleuropericardial membranes contain?

Back 20

the phrenic nerve and common cardinal veins.

Front 21

When the pleuropericardial membranes fuse what do they create?

Back 21

they fuse with eachother, root of the lungs, and the thoracic cavity is divided into the definitive pericardial cavity and the two pleural cavities.

Front 22

in the adult, the pleuropercardial membranes form the?

Back 22

fibrous pericardium

Front 23

Upon folding of the embryo the septum transversum moves ventrally...where is it located when it receives it's innervation?

Back 23

C3 - C5

Front 24

When do the pleuropericardial folds begin to emerge and develop?

Back 24

during the 5th week

Front 25

The closure of the pericardioperitoneal canals is somewhat closed off by the septum transversum, what structures finish the job?

Back 25

pleuroperitoneal membranes - both R and L.

Front 26

T/F the Left pleuropericardial canal is larger than the R pleuropericardial canal/

Back 26

true; this can lead to clinical problems when discussing the closing completed by the pleuroperitoneal membranes.

Front 27

What structures comprise the Diaphragm?

Back 27

Septum Transversum: gives rise to central tendon
Pleuroperitoneal membranes: bulk of muscle
Body wall mesoderm: (somatic LPM) - innervated by segmental spinal nerves T7-T12 - forms the muscular rim of the diaphragm.
Mesentery of the esophagus

Front 28

Further expansion of the pleural cavities relative to mesenchyme o the body wall adds a peripheral rim to he pleuroperitoneal membranes...once this rim is established, _________- originating in teh body wall penetrate the membranes to form the muscular part of the diaphragm.

Back 28

myoblasts

Front 29

The 3rd, 4th, and fifth cervical spinal segments give rise to what nerve?

Back 29

phrenic nerve

Front 30

How does the phrenic nerve end up being in the fibrous pericardium?

Back 30

At first they pass into the septum via pleuropercardial folds - further expansion of the lungs and escent of the septum shift the phrenic nerves that innervate the diaphragm into the fibrou pericardium.

Front 31

The respositioning of the diaphragm is at the level of the throacic somites - ho does this occur?

Back 31

the respositioning of the diaphragm is caused by rapid growth of the dorsal part of the embryo (vertebral column), compared with that of the ventral part.

Front 32

What supplies the diaphragm with it's MOTOR and SENSORY innervation?

Back 32

phrenic nerves

Front 33

The most peripheral part of the diaphragm is derived from mesenchyme of the thoracic wall - thus what other nerves contribute to innervation of the diaphragm?

Back 33

some of the lower intercostal (thoracic) nerves contribute sensory fibers to the peripheral part of the diaphragm.

Front 34

How does a congential diaphragmatic hernia result?

Back 34

usually on the L side, pleural peritoneal membrane - L side bigger, so sometimes doesn't meet up with septum transversum = hole. - hole lets other things take place of the lung = pulmonary hypoplasia.

Front 35

What is EVENTRATION of the diaphragm?

Back 35

no differentiation of membrane and remain thin, no muscles or tendon abdominal contents push up and complications result. = pulmonary hypoplasia (bilaterally)

Front 36

Cleft Sternum, Umbilical hernia, omphalocele, castroschisis are all forms of what clinical correlation?

Back 36

body wall defects

Front 37

What body wall defect results in ectopia cordis?

Back 37

Cleft Sternum; no sternum - heart lies outside the body (may grow in later)

Front 38

what body wall defect results when the abdominal contents are found in the umbilical cord?

Back 38

umbilical hernia

Front 39

What body wall defect results when the body hasnt' come all the way together but an amnionic membrane is still present (extraembryonic parietal lat. plate mesoderm)

Back 39

omphalocele

Front 40

What is the most severe and low mortality rate body wall defect?

Back 40

Gastroschisis: parts of the intestine are outside the body completely, no amnion, the intestines die and the infant most likely dies as well.