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47 Cards in this Set
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Parliament |
Great Britain's lawmaking assembly |
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tariff |
a tax on imported goods |
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protest |
to speak out against something |
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petition |
a document that people sign that formally asks leaders to do or change something |
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repeal |
to do away with |
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boycott |
an organized refusal to buy goods or services |
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How did victory in the French & Indian Wars cause British debts? |
1. They borrowed a lot of money on soldiers and supplies. 2. It was expensive to protect western settlers from any conflicts with Indians. |
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Proclamation of 1763 |
Issued by King George III. It said that colonist were not allowed to settle on land west of the Appalachian Mountains. |
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Stamp Act of 1765 |
A tax on every kind of printed material like newspapers, legal documents, even playing cards. Colonists had to get those items stamped to showed that they paid a tax for it. |
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How did the colonists feel about the taxes (from the Sugar Act, Stamp Act, Townshend Act) and tax collectors? |
Colonist didn't think the taxes were fair. Colonist protested by they burning stamps, making speeches, sending petitions to Parliament. They threatened tax collectors, tarred and feathered them. |
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How did the Sons of Liberty protest the Stamp Act of 1765? |
They protested by burning stamps and threatened stamp agents who collected the taxes. |
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"No taxation without representation" |
The slogan to show resistance to Britain's new laws. Leaders from the 9 colonies met to figure out how to resist attempts to tax and control them. Because of their efforts, the British Parliament repealed the Stamp Act. |
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Townshend Acts of 1767. |
A tax on imported goods like glass, paint and tea. It caused new protest in the colonies and many of them boycotted British goods. Was mostly repealed in 1770 after protests. |
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Daughters of Liberty |
Groups of women who protested the Townshend Act by weaving cloth and making other goods to replace imported British goods. This hurt British businesses. British sent more soldiers to the colonies to enforce tax laws. |
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Boston Massacre |
In March 1770, an argument started between a British solider and a colonist. Then a crowd of colonist started throwing rocks, snowballs at the the soldiers. The British fired into the angry crowd and 5 colonist died. |
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Cripus Attucks |
An African American that died in the Boston Massacre. |
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Boston Tea Party |
When British forced the colonists to buy tea from only one company, colonist protested this. They dressed as Mohawk Indians and dumped all the tea from British ships into the water. |
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Coercive Acts |
British Parliament passed this on the colonist to pay for the tea them dumped. It closed down the Port of Boston until the colonist paid for the tea the dumped. It forced the colonist to house and feed British Soldiers. It make a British General in charge of Massachusetts. |
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How did the colonist respond to the Coercive Act? |
Made them more united. Colonist sent food, supplies and money to Boston. They voted to stop trade with Britain and they created volunteer armies. |
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Paul Revere William Dawes and Dr. Samuel Prescott |
Rode out on the night of April 18 to warn the colonist that the British were coming to Lexington and Concord! When British troops arrived to destroy colonists weapons, the colonist were prepared and in Concord, they forced the British back to Boston. |
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Events that led to the American Revolution |
1. Taxation without Representation (Sugar, Stamp, Townshend Acts. 2. Boston Massacre. 3. Boston Tea Party with lead to the Coercive Act. 4. Fighting in Lexington and Concord - "the shot heard around the world." |
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delegate |
a person chosen to represent others |
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committee |
an organized group that meets to make a decision |
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correspond |
to communicate by writing letters |
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unify |
to come together or unite |
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militia |
a civilian army that is used only in emergencies |
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What events led to the Albany Congress? |
British colonists wanted to improve relations with Iroquois as the French & Indian War approached. Sent representatives from 7 colonies. It help the colonists realize how important it was to work together. |
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What was the purpose of the Committees of Correspondence? |
Samuel Adams and other leaders started this. It was a way for the colonist to keep up with what was happening by sending letters with news from each committee. |
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The First Continental Congress |
- Met in Philadelphia in 1774 after the Coercive Act. - Decided to stop trading with Britain. - Agreed to start training militias. - Decided to meet again in a year if British relations did not improve. |
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Second Continental Congress |
- Met when British relations did not improve - Formed a Continental Army led by George Washington. - Sent a letter to King George called the Olive Branch Petition. |
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Olive Branch Petition |
War could be avoided if King George allowed colonist more freedom to govern themselves. King never answered and Congress declared Independence from Britain. |
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Patriot |
someone who felt the colonies should separate from Britain. |
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Loyalist |
someone who felt colonies should remain loyal to Britain |
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propaganda |
information written to persuade others to change their way of thinking |
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What are the four reasons why Patriots felt the colonies should declare Independence from Britain? |
1. They didn't have the same rights as British Citizens 2. Colonies were not allowed to send representatives to Parliament. 3. Couldn't vote on issues and taxes affecting them. 4. British always refused them when they asked for more freedom to govern themselves. |
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Declaration of Independence |
- A document stating our key political ideas on why colonies wanted freedom. - Written by Thomas Jefferson & others - All men are created equal and have unalienable rights. - Government exist to protect those rights and it gets their power from the people. - People have a right to change or get rid of that government. - Colonies are free and independent states. |
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orator |
someone who gives speeches |
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James Otis |
Referred to as the "First Patriot." Said "Taxation without representation is tyranny." It meant that colonies shouldn't be taxed without any say in it. |
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Patrick Henry |
Said "Give me liberty or give me death!" Convinced Virginians to opposed the Stamp Act. |
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George Washington |
Commander of the Continental Army. Previously, he was a British soldier during the French & Indian War but he came to oppose how Britain ruled the colonies. |
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John Adams |
Patriot who spoke out against the Stamp Act, Townshend Acts but also defended British soldiers in the Boston Massacre because he felt everyone was entitled to a fair trial. |
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Authors of the Declaration of Independence |
Thomas Jefferson Ben Franklin John Adams |
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Thomas Jefferson |
Owned a plantation in Virginia. Was a scientist, inventor and interested in architecture (designed his home, Monticello and founded University of Virginia.) Led the committee that wrote the Declaration of Independence. Was the 3rd President of the US. |
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Ben Franklin |
Publisher and scientist from Pennsylvania. Invented bifocals glasses and wood-burning stove. Opened the first Public Library and founded the University of Pennsylvania. |
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Who was King of England at the time of the Revolution? |
King George III |
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When was the Declaration of Independence approved? |
July 4, 1776 |
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William Franklin (Ben Franklin's son) |
Was a Loyalist. Was the Royal Governor of New Jersey. Was put in jail for his views and lost his property. His father (Ben) never forgave him. |
