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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What family do VZV and CMV belong to? what commonalities exist between members of this family?
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*Herpesviruses
*all members can adpt latent forms and all appear very similar |
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What is the primary presentation of VZV? How does the reactivated form present?
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*the primary infection causes varicella, or chickenpox
*the reactivated infection presents as zoster, or shingles |
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What symptoms are seen in chickenpox?
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*disseminated vesicular rash
*headache and malaise *low-grade fever |
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Name three complications that are possible with chicken pox.
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1.Secondary infection of lesions
2.Varicella pneumonia 3.Reye's syndrome 4.Post-infectious encephalomyelitis |
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What symptoms are seen in shingles? What complications are possible?
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*painful lesions in an area defined by the dermatome of a sensory nerve
*main complication is post-herpetic neuralgia characterized by sensory hypersensitivity |
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Describe the path of VZV during an initial (primary) infection.
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*initial replication in respiratory epithelium
*spread to regional lymph nodes *cell-associated viremia with infection of liver and spleen *secondary viremia to cutaneous epithelia and respiratory sites *latent state in DRG |
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How is VZV transmitted? What makes avoidance difficult?
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*respiratory droplets
*viral particles are shed before the start of symptoms |
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How many times will a person have chickenpox? Shingles?
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*varicella will occur only once - primary infection confers lifelong immunity against this form
*zoster is also usually limited to a single episode |
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What can be done to treat or to prevent cases of VZV infection?
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*prevention is by attenuated vaccine
*acyclovir can be used to treat an ongoing infection *zoster immunoglobulin can be used to prevent infection in high risk patients |
