Vr Ch8

Front 1

phases of maturity for VR application

Back 1

demonstration, pilot, in production (no furhter testing)

Front 2

emerging and traditional VR markets

Back 2

Traditionalmarketsare medical, entertainment/arts/education and defense/aerospace

Emerging markets are manufacturing, oil/gas exploration, datavisualization;

Front 3

five uses for VR, going highest to lowest.. difference in US, EU, other continents

Back 3

training/education, research, business services, entertainment, communication. in US, highest to lowest in that order pretty constant d/dx. europe, top three are even. other contiennts nada

Front 4

some medical applications for VR

Back 4

mistakes on VR patients, cheaper, enjoyable treatment, model and study rare cases

Front 5

why need interactive VR for medical training ?

Back 5

Interactive anatomy teaching is needed since cadaver training isnon-repetitive and scarce;

Front 6

Visible human dataset. what is, problems ?

Back 6

the first completely realistic model forboth male and female; Is a de-facto standard for algorithm comparisons;;; It is however huge, so cannot be rendered in real time. Needsmodel segmentation and decimation.

Front 7

four stages of medical VR apps

Back 7

diagnostic and triage -> anesthesia -> surgery -> rehab

Front 8

system architecture of VR medic training

Back 8

slide 14

Front 9

how does EMR VR training in this one, horrible specific and outdate example account for lack of dexterity when grasping objects

Back 9

objects are attracted to the user's palm, objects are intelligent. queried about their status (flashlight on/off)

Front 10

EMR VR what drives patients ?

Back 10

a finite state machine that reacts to the progression of specific disease user's actions

Front 11

what did the EMR human factors study do well, poorly ?

Back 11

high scores to vital signs, pt appearence, applicability //// lowest to handling objects, difficutly

Front 12

butt exam, what used, how'd they compared to control, interesting to note

Back 12

a phantom interface, SGI workspace, (graph on slide 21) // all did worse than control, novices did better, masters did faster. // masters learned limitations of tech, not new task. smaller std deviation. better learning (only had to adapt to VR, not to a whole new thing)

Front 13

endoscopy VR applications

Back 13

sweet new way to do colonoscopies developed at SUNY. drink special drink, normal CT image, computer de-poos the image, adds contrast. fins 5mm+ polyps as good as normal. 3mm harder to see. ..// IV trainer

Front 14

why need VR app for endoscopy:

Back 14

The are invasive procedures, require patient anesthesia, and canlead to injury, if done badly;

Front 15

why need VR app for IV training

Back 15

Insertion of IV is leading cause of infections and discomfort for patients. Present teaching methods are inadequate and nurses learn onpatients…

Front 16

anastomosys;

Back 16

suturing two blood vessels.

Front 17

who developed an anastomosys VR training pilot ? using what physical equipment ? how ere vessels modeled ?

how'd the increase realism?

Back 17

Boston Dynamics.stereo glasses, mirror, two PHANToM arms. TELEOS spline-based toolkit. trainee holds real tools.

Front 18

the HF study of the boston dynamics anastomosys trainer showed what ? what variables were mesaured ?

Back 18

possible use in certification; was able to rate surgeon skill accuaretly. Time/.accuracy////angle error///peak force//tissue damage//surface damage//overall score

Front 19

HF study, boston dynamics, anastomosys: difference between surgeons and students ?

Back 19

surgeons has much less tissue damage, less learning, more uniformity (little SD), students FOR ONCE did poorly in everything compared to surgeon.

Front 20

HF study, boston dynamics, anastomosys. graph that shows overall learning as a function of ovearll score.

Back 20

slide 50

Front 21

what is MIS ? 3 pros, 3 cons for surgeon

Back 21

minimally invasive surgery. PROS: less hospital stay (from one week to less than one day);less scarring (three 1-2 cm cuts);faster recovery. CONS: loss of direct (3D) view of the cutting area – has to look at a 2Dmonitor;loss of tactile feedback, which is filtered by the laparoscopicinstrument (stick with a handle);the “fulcrum effect” due to the orifice in the body

Front 22

fulcrum effect. what is it ?

Back 22

using a lapropscopic instrument, controls are inverted. diagram on slide 53

Front 23

what does laproscopic VR trainer not have?

Back 23

force feedback.

Front 24

MIST VR: what two trials used to assess accuracy in finding skill ? how ? draw graph (slide 58)

Back 24

(Minimally invasive surgery trainer): the Taffinder and the Gallager. Taffinder: three groups; real surgeons, training surgeons, non surgeons. did a bunch of tasks. time/accuracy. experts did way best. mapped to skill, win. gallager: two groups novice surgeons, trained on MIST VR and not. burned lines in paper. trained on MIST VR was OP. Better accuracy, MUCH BETTER SD 30% increase.

Front 25

upgraded MIST VR is what? hwy is it better ? what software used for graphics ?

Back 25

“LaparoscopicSurgical Workstation,”force feedback for insertion, pitch, yaw,handle twist and handle grip;Works with a PC, being connected over a PCI card.Has more realistic graphics (through “LapSym” software).

Front 26

what is VR rehab used to treat in a psychological setting

Back 26

Used to treat eating disorders, post-traumatic stress disorders, andphobias;

Front 27

VR phobia training PROS

Back 27

on a PC in doctor’s office (privacy);safer (like fear of spiders or snakes);cheaper (no need to take patient on an actual flight).

Front 28

feat of flying therapy tech developed where? what use ?

Back 28

georgia tech and Emory university. and HMD and PC, software is a FSM

Front 29

Fear of flying therapyFSM diagram

Back 29

slide 76. goes through five stages: taxi, take off, level flight, aborted landing, landing.

Front 30

another psycho treatment for... can diagnose..

Back 30

alzheimer's, TBI, ADHD. can diagnose ADHD.

Front 31

three types of learning in VR

Back 31

“constructivist,” “constructionist,” and “situated.”

Front 32

Constructivist learning, what is, example

Back 32

involves exploration of pre-built world;Example is CyberMath developed in Sweden for college students

Front 33

another example of construstIVIST learning, one pro

Back 33

Another example of exploration-based learning is the VirtualPhysics Laboratory to teach high-school students Newtonian andQuantum Physics;Students interact with the simulation using a sensing glove andvirtual control panels. Students are more motivated and understand3D concepts better compared to other methods of instruction.

Front 34

Constructionist learning, what is, example

Back 34

involves active building of a world;An example is the NICE project to teach gardening to elementaryschool children; they used a CAVE and ImersaDesk to interact withVEs showing a virtual garden.

Front 35

what is NICE and what does it use, what does it teach ? (VR in education)

Back 35

it is a world building tool. Uses a CAVE and Immersa-desk to interact with virtual environment. teaches gardening.

Front 36

in the NICE HF study, how did they separate the participants, did it work, who learned the most ?

Back 36

52 second graders, groups with a leader (only leader used the sim), avatars represented the leader and the intelligent agents. (plants.) kids learned 12% up to 35% (after), leaders learned the most.

Front 37

what the F does VR have to do with art ? 4

Back 37

new medium, allows preservation in VR, can explore art and new ways to experience it, increased access of art in virtual museums

Front 38

what statue did IBM recreate, with what ?

Back 38

Virtual Florentine PietàOriginal statue created by Michelangelo in the XVI-th Centuryas his tomb monument;Recreated in VR by a team at IBM over a period of two weeks,using stereo scanners and co-registered color digital photos toproduce a mm-level of detail.

Front 39

what did IBM do with the virtual statue? how'd they change it? what's a pro for studying ?

Back 39

A 3-D viewer (low resolution) allowed interactive frame rates ona laptop – for art historians;Views not possible in a museum;The statue was “restored” in VR – adding missing parts;It was placed in context – in a virtual mausoleum.

Front 40

how does the virtual heritage network make a recreation ? how did they increase realism after ?

Back 40

phase 1: look at architectural plans, historical texts, site visit. phase 2) take photographs for things not in blueprints, and for textures. phase 3) light measurements to get accurate radiosity. phase 4) Two models made using 3D studio max, inside and outside. phase 5) link the two models with a portal for better render speed,. // A custom VRML extension (to allow multi-texturing) but it reduce framerate to garbage.

Front 41

what else has been modeled in vr ? why notable ?

Back 41

notre dame, modled in unreal engine.. usually for games. has a friar tour guide scripted AI, gives talks based on proximity to notable stuff.

Front 42

examples of VR in entertainment

Back 42

phones w/ camera sensors (tiltaworld), disneyquest (pirates game with passive tactile feedback, stereo graphics). //“Virtual Jungle Cruise” on inflatablerafts. Pneumatic motion platform, sensorized oars and water spraysadd to the feeling of immersion.

Front 43

military uses for VR

Back 43

Ability to train remotely as a team (SIMNET) – ;Aircraft simulators that are programmable and modular, ;Ability to simulate missions ahead of execution, ;Ability to visualize enemy weapon capabilities;Ability to train individual soldiers in new weaponry; evaluate trainee performance;

Front 44

army de-mining trainer uses... holland stinger trainer uses...

Back 44

phantom, normal probe, HMD. ///// HMD, stinger mockup, trigger sensor. GERMAN UPDATED VERSION: gunner/commander(for spotting), two HMDs with avatars for soldiers, optical tracking (not magnetic as in holland version)

Front 45

example of VR army training that's not 17 years old

Back 45

intersense stinger trainer. 40 foot dome. real stinger tube with ultrasonic receivers. IS-900 SoniStrips give 20 foot tracking under main projection.

Front 46

what's the CST 300D ?

configuration ? (4 physical components, two features). three things it provides

Back 46

a small arms trainer. 1) Standard LCD projector2) Standard Hit Camera 3)Optional Night-Vision Filter4) Optional Ceiling Mount/// 1)Joystick controls movementduring tactical scenarios.2) Each PSC supports 8 weapons /// Individual marksmanship skills trainingTeam and squad level tactical trainingEnhances Instructor’s ability to analyze shooters’ performance

Front 47

what is FATS ?

Back 47

a VR simulation that attaches sensors to real weapons.

Front 48

what is SIMNET, what's it for, what type of nav, what type of agents

Back 48

The Simulation Network (SIMNET), to train tank commanders in avirtual battlefield; Uses dead reckoning, intelligent agents (Semi-autonomous forces – SAFOR);

Front 49

what special vehicles does SIMNET have ? why ? drawback ?

Back 49

Has stealth vehicles tolook at a battle from anyangle and at any time – likea 4D history book. // Limited terrain database50x75 km2

Front 50

SIMNET diagram

Back 50

slide 104

Front 51

upgrade to SIMNET. 3 upgrades.

Back 51

The Close Combat Tactical Trainer (CCTT) is a replacement ofearlier SIMNET, with a larger terrain database, several weatherconditions, and communication with supporting elements

Front 52

the CCTT diagram explanation. actual diagram slide 106

Back 52

The Close Combat Tactical Trainer (CCTT) system consists offixed or mobile sites which are modular to allow various helicoptermissions to be simulated.

Front 53

what is used at sub school in groton ? who's it train ? what's it use ?

Back 53

The VESUB project to train “officer of the deck”. Consists of astation that recreates the command station, a suspended and trackedHMD (CRT-based) which works as virtual binoculars, voicecommunication, and AI agents. System is now in use at theSubmarine School in Grotton, Connecticut.

Front 54

what else does navy use VR to train?

Back 54

artillery, HMD, real gun with sensor trigger, PC, command station.

Front 55

what does th airforcfe use VR for? how are the different?

Back 55

A10 trainer and the Mako virtual cockpit. A10, real cockpit, sidebyside displays. Mako; HMD, gloves, virtual instruments

Front 56

what do air force trainers need to do ? what is DMT ? diagram page 113

Back 56

Needs to allow remote team training: distribute mission training(DMT) trains in “dissimilar Air Combat Tactics”. diagram 113