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88 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What shape plot does the psychometric function give in reality?
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an S shaped or ogive plot
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1. Is the adjustment under the observers or the patients control in the method of adjustment?
2. Is it tedious but accurate or fast and unreliable? |
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Is the stimulus strength under the examiners or patients control in the method of limits?
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In what psychophysical testing method does the stimulus tend to be changed in discrete steps?
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What psychophysical testing method is usually performed by alternating ascending and descending limits to minimize habituation and anticipation?
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Is the stimulus under the examiners or patients control in the method of constant stimuli?
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Under which psychophysical testing method is a preset number of stimuli of different intenstities shown repeatedly to the patient in a different order and the patient asked to report when they detect the stimulus?
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Under which psychophysical method is threshold derived from the psychometric function?
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Would you say the method of constant stimuli is fast but inaccurate or accurate but slow?
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What is the formula for the JND using the method of constant stimuli? What about the point of subjective equality (PSE)?
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Would a large slope of the psychometric function be indicative of a low JND or a high JND?
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What law states that the difference threshold varies in direct proportion to the background stimulus?
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What method can be used to increase the reliability and speed of the method of limits?
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What law states that as the stimulus intensity inctreases, a bigger increase in instensity is needed to produce the same effect?
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same as Weber's except it holds under a wider range of stimulus intensities
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How do you express contrast as a percent called the Michelson constrast?
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what is the cutoff spatial frequency due to the optics of the eye?
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1. At what values in cycles/degree is the human contrast sensitivity function at it's maximum (1/2 to 1% contrast visible)
2. What is the highest spatial frequency visible to the average person before being limited by constrast sensitivity? |
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How would you figure out clinically which of the changes in the contrast sensitivity function are due to optical factors and which are due to neural factors?
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What causes the low frequency roll off of the contrast sensitivity function?
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What spatial frequencies of the CSF are determined by receptive field organizaiton?
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Does lens defocus remove high or low spatial frequencies?
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high spatial frequencies
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What medical condition would cause a patient to lose the ability to see contrast at middle spatial frequencies in what is called notch constrast sensitivity loss?
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MS
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Would you expect a cataract patient who had reductions at both high and medium spatial frequencies in contrast senstivity to be a complainer or a noncomplainer?
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1. What type of glare might result from an insufficiently shielded light bulb?
2. What is another name for reflected glare? |
1. Direct glare
2. Veiling glare |
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1. Does discomfort glare reduce the ability to see information for needed acitivites?
2. What type of glare is caused by light scattered within the eye, causing a haze and veiling luminance that decreases contrast and reduces visibility? |
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Is contrast sensitivity the same for horizontal, vertical, and oblique stimuli?
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Oblique objects have reduced CS called the "oblique effect."
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When refering to moving stimuli, would you call the CSF function a band pass shape or low pass shape?
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Is contrast reduced with duration?
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maybe that's why patients take so long on VAs
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At what spacing of letters is the crowding effect at its maximum?
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How long does it take an electrical current to travel from the stimulating electrode in the retina to the receptor electrode in the visual cortex?
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3-5ms
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How long does it take a light stimulus to reach the cortex?
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100ms, Incidentally this is how long it takes the VEP response to occur
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What law states that the CFF is proportional to the log of the stimulus area?
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What law states that the CFF is proportional to the log of the luminance?
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Ferry Porter Law
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Which law states that the apparent brightness of a stimulus presented above the CFF is equal to that of a continuous source with the same mean luminance?
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Talbot-Plateau law
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The Talbot Plateau law does not hold at low temporal frequencies. What do you call the effect that accounts for the increase in brightness at 10Hz flicker?
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Brucke-Bartley
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What type of masking is caused by an initially bright stimulus making a subsequent dimmer stimulus more difficult to see?
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forward masking
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What do you call the type of backward masking that uses spatial stimuli at different retinal locations?
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metacontrast masking
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What type of masking is responsible for the crowding effect?
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metacontrast masking
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What is the name of the experiment that shows us that motion percepts can be achieved even without spatial perception?
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Exner's experiment
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Which motion processing system gives visual information arising from the movement of the retinal image across the retina?
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image retina system
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What is the term for that provides nonvisual infput to the visual system system from efferent motor information?
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Eye-head system
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What theory of motion processing states that the eye-system is what discriminates real motion from self induced motion?
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"outflow" theory of motion processing
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What is the name for the type of motion in which an object is actually moving out in space?
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real motion
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What is the name for the percept of motion when there is more than one target and you must figure out how one target is moving relative to the other?
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What is the principle of induced motion stating that the direction of induced movement is relative to the direction of the physical movement of the immediate surround?
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principle of surroundness
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What velocities are most cells in V1, V2, and MT cortex tuned to?
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Intermediate velocities 8-16 cycles/sec
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Under photopic conditions in the Holway-Boring experiment, did the subject adjust the comparison stimulus to matched the physical size of the test stimulus or the visual angle of the test stimulus?
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In the light the subject matched the comparison stimulus to the physical size of the stimulus (distal stimulus)
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Under scotopic conditions in the Holway-Boring experiment, did the subject adjust the comparison stimulus to match the physical size of the test stimulus or the visual angle of the test stimulus?
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visual angle of test stimulus
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Is the moon illusion an example of the law of visual angle or the law of size constancy?
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size constancy because the visual angle remains constant, only the perceived distance changes
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Is the Mueller Lyre illusion an example of size constancy or the law of visual angle?
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Is this an example of the law of visual angle or law of size constancy?
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law of size constancy
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Is an Ame's room an example of the law of size constancy or the law of visual angle? Why do equally size people appear the same size in an Ame's room?
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One person is further away but the peephole conceals this fact therefore you interpret further away as being smaller.
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these rules being, proximity, similarity, continuity, closure, symmetry, and common fate
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What type of illusion is the Kanisza triangle?
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Filling in illusion, specifically an example of subjective contours
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What filling-in illusion causes you to see distinct borders between different borders that don't actually exist?
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illusory contours
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