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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Inertia
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-tendency of an object to remain at rest or in motion unless acted upon by an external force
**aka neutons 1st law** |
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Blunt trauma
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-most common cause of trauma-related death and disability
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Neutons 1st law
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-a body in motion will remain in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.
-a body at rest will remain at rest until acted upon by an outside force. |
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Law of energy conservation
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-energy can neither be created nor destroyed, it can only be changed from one form to another.
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Energy
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-the capacity to do work in the strict physical sense
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Kinetic energy
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-the energy an object has while it is in motion.
-it is related to the objects mass and velocity |
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Mass
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-a measure of the matter that an object contains
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Velocity
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-the rate of motion in a particular direction in relation to time
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Kinetic energy formula
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mass x velocity2
------------------ 2 **mass aka weight. velocity aka speed** |
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Newtons 2nd law
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-explains the forces atg work during a collision
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Force formula
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Mass x Acceleration or deceleration
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Trauma defined as
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-a wound or injury that is violently produced by some external force.
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Blunt trauma results from
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-a continuous series of collision as outside forces cause body tissue to rapidly accelerate or decelerate
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Compression Injury
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-results when blunt impact causes a portion of the body to stop while inertia causes the remaining structures to continue their motion
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Shearing injury
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-injury that occurse along the edges of the inpacting force or at organ attachments (ligaments)
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Events of impact
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1. vehicle collision
2. Body collision 3. Organ collision 4. Secondary collision 5. Additional impacts |
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Lap belt injuries
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-intra-abdominal
-lower spine fracture |
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Lap belt to high injuries
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-abdominal compression
-spinal fractures |
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lap belt too low injury
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-hip dislocation
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Shoulder strap injuries
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-neck contusions
-lacerations -possible spinal injury -decapitation |
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Types of impact
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-Rotational 38%
-Frontal 32 % -Lateral 15% -Rear-End 9% -Rollover 6% |
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Most common impact in urban setting
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-Rotational
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Most common impact in rural setting
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-Frontal
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Axial Loading
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-a compression force on the cervical spine
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Common down and under injuries
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-knee dislocation/fracture
-femur dislocation/fracture -hip dislocations/fracture |
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"Paper bag" syndrome
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-injury process frequently associated with steering wheel impact.
-the driver takes a deep breath and closes glottis in anticipation of the collision -when impact occurs the alveoli, bronchiols and large airways rupture. |
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Common up and over injuries
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-unrestrained occupent tenses legs in preperation for impact. legs hit steering wheel causing femur fractures.
- stomach hits steering wheel causing hollow organ rupture and liver lacerations |
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2 types of ejection mechanisms
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1. contact with the vehicle interior and windshield
2. Impact with the ground, tree, or other objects ** most commonly associated with frontal impact** |
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Lateral impact injuries
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-clavicle, humerus, pelvis, rib, femur may occur on impact.
-cervical spine injury as body is pushed lateral while head stays in place |
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Rear end impact injury
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-head/ neck injuries from jerking of the neck.
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