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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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volcanism |
all the processes associated with the discharge of magma, hot fluids, and gasses |
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convergent |
most volcanoes on land result from oceanic-continental subduction and produce explosive eruptions |
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divergent |
volcanoes underwater at the mid ocean ridges produce lava pillows and have non explosive eruptions |
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hot spots |
hot regions of the earth;s mantel where magma rises to the surface |
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magma chamber |
where magma is stored |
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conduit |
lava travels through a tube like structure |
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vent |
where the lava emerges |
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crater |
a bowl at the top of the volcano around the vent |
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calderas |
large depression that forms after the magma chamber has emptied |
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shield |
broad gentle slopped volcano with a cirrcular base |
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cinder |
steep sides and small volcano, eruptions eject small piece of magma into the air |
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composite |
volcanoes formed from layers of hardened chunks of lava, cone shaped, explosive |
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earthquake |
the shaking and trembling taht result from the movement of rock beneath the Earth;s surface |
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shearing |
pushes a mass of rock in two opposite directions |
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tension |
pulls on the crust causing it to be thinner in the middle |
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compression |
squeezes rock until it folds |
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three types of faults |
strike lip, normal, reverse |
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three types of mountains |
fault, fold, plateau |
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seismic waves |
vibrations that travel through the Earth carrying energy which is released during earthquakes |
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compress and expand the ground |
primary waves |
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secondary waves |
vibrate from side to side up and down |
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surface waves |
move slowly and make the ground roll |
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seismograph |
records the ground movements by seismic waves |
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Mercalli scale |
system to rate earthquakes |
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rickter scale |
rates the size of the seismic wave for small and nearby earthquakes |
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epicenter |
point where the earthquake started |
