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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What was the date of the eruption? |
June 25th 1997 |
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Size of the eruption? |
Large -- 4-5 million metres squared of rocks and gas released. |
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Death toll? |
19 killed |
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Where was the volcanic eruption case study? |
Soufriére Hills Volcano in Monteserrat. |
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Causes? |
Montserrat is above a destructive plate margin, where the Atlantic plate is being forced under the Caribbean Plate.
Magma rose up through weak points under the Soufriere Hills forming underground pools of Magma.
The rock above the pool collapsed, opening a vent causing eruption. |
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Primary effects of the volcanic eruption? |
1)Large areas were covered with volcanic material the Capital city Plymouth was buried under 12m of mud and ash.
2)Over 20 villages and two thirds of homes on the Island were destroyed by pyroclastic flows ( fast-moving clouds of super-heated gas and ash)
3)Schools, hospitals the airports and the port were destroyed.
4)Vegetation and farmland were destroyed.
5)19 people died and 7 were injured. |
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What are secondary impacts? |
1) Fires destroyed many buildings including local government offices, the police headquarters and the town's central petrol station.
2) Tourists stayed away and businesses were destroyed, disrupting the economy.
3)Population decline 8000 of the island's 12000 inhabitants have left since the eruption began in 1995.
4) Volcanic ash from the eruption has improve soil fertility.
5) Tourism on the island is now increasing as people come to see the volcano. |
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Immediate responses? |
1)People were evacuated from the south to safe areas in the north.
2) Shelters were built to house evacuees.
3) Temporary infrastructures was also built, e.g roads and electricity supplies.
4) The UK provides £17 million of emergency aid. ( Montserrat's an overseas territory of the UK
5) Local emergency services provided support units to search for and rescue survivors.
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Long-term responses? |
1) A risk map was created and an exclusion zone is in place. The south of the island is off-limits while the volcano is still active.
2) The UK has provided £41 million to develop the north of the island - new docks an airport and houses have been built in the north. 3) The Montserrat Volcano Observatory has been set up to try and predict future eruptions. |
